Biogenic Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Some Medical Plants and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial and Toxicity Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1905-1912
Author(s):  
Ayat Jadou ◽  
Ayyad W Al-Shahwany
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Microtiter Plates

Abstract Background: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are employed in various applications in the areas of catalysis, optoelectronics, detection and diagnostics, antimicrobials, and therapeutics. Objective: The aim of this work was to study the antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Urtica dioica and biologically prepared silver nanoparticles, as single or in combination treatments, against Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was quantified by using a microdilution method in sterile 96-well microtiter plates. The assessment of the toxicity of AgNP solutions was evaluated on human blood lymphocyte cells. Results: The results of this study revealed that all AgNP solutions have the lowest MIC values against the bacterial isolates in relation with the methanolic and aqueous extract solutions. However, the results showed that the increasing AgNP concentration was a critical factor influencing the interaction between AgNPs and the human lymphocytes. Conclusions: The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles increased significantly (P < 0.05) at high concentrations. In addition, the biosynthesized AgNPs have an increased antimicrobial activity against all tested bacterial isolates. Highlights: AgNPs have been recognized as an effective antimicrobial agent that exhibits low toxicity in humans and has diverse in vitro and in vivo applications.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts from the Humiria balsamifera (Aubl)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1479
Author(s):  
Edelson de J. S. Dias ◽  
Antônio J. Cantanhede Filho ◽  
Fernando J. C. Carneiro ◽  
Cláudia Q. da Rocha ◽  
Luís Cláudio N. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Polarity Index ◽  
New Treatments

Humiria balsamifera (Aubl), commonly known as “mirim”, is a plant of the Humiriaceae family, which consists of 39 species divided between eight genera: Duckesia, Endopleura, Humiria, Humiriastrum, Hylocara, Sacoglottis, Schistostemon, and Vantenea. This study aimed to characterize H. balsamifera extracts by LC-MS/MS and evaluate their antimicrobial potential through in vitro and in vivo assays. The leaves and stem bark of H. balsamifera were collected and dried at room temperature and then ground in a knife mill. The extracts were prepared with organic solvents in order to increase the polarity index (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The antimicrobial effects of these extracts were evaluated against the following bacterial strains: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538. The best activity was observed in the ethyl acetate (EALE = 780 µg/mL), methanol (MLE = 780 µg/mL), and hexane (HLE = 1560 µg/mL) leaf extracts against S. aureus. Considering the results for both antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, the EALE extract was chosen to proceed to the infection assays, which used Tenebrio molitor larvae. The EALE treatment was able to extend the average lifespan of the larvae (6.5 days) in comparison to S. aureus-infected larvae (1 day). Next, the samples were characterized by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer, allowing the identification of 11 substances, including seven flavonoids, substances whose antimicrobial activity is already well-reported in the literature. The number of bioactive compounds found in the chemical composition of H. balsamifera emphasizes its significance in both traditional medicine and scientific research that studies new treatments based on substances from the Brazilian flora.

scholarly journals SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THYMUS VULGARIS USING IN VIVO AND IN VITRO METHODS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 513-522
Author(s):  
YasserM. Kamel ◽  
◽  
AmaniA. Hafez ◽  
WafaaH. Abd-Alla ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Methods

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Hibiscus Asper Hook. F. and Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. on some Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Joseph Olowo Arogbodo ◽  
Oyetayo Bolanle Faluyi ◽  
Festus Omotere Igbe
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Purpose: The study aims to assess the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of Hibiscus asper and Hibiscus sabdariffa against eight bacterial isolates. Materials and Methods:  An in vitro Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic leaf extract of the two plants against eight nosocomical and pathogenic bacteria viz; Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE), Proteus vulgaris (PVU), Klebsiella aerogenes (KAE), Staphylococcus aureus (SAU), Bacillus cereus (BCE), Escherichia coli (ECO), Moraxella catarrhalis (MCA) and Salmonella typhi (STY) was carried out using agar well diffusion assay with the concentration range of 3.13 – 100 mg/mL. Results: H. asper and H. sabdariffa showed significant difference (p< 0.05) in antimicrobial activity against BCE over the rest of the isolates. Inhibition zone diameters exhibited by the isolates to ethanolic leaf extract of H. asper was in descending order of BCE (15.00 ± 1.00a) >ECO (11.67 ± 0.58b) >SAU (7.67 ± 0.58c) >PAE (6.67 ± 0.58d) >STY (5.67 ± 0.58e) while that of H. sabdariffa was in the order BCE (15.33 ± 1.15a) > MCA (11.33 ± 1.15b) > SAU (11.00 ± 1.00bc) > KAE (9.67 ± 0.58c) > PAE (8.00 ± 1.00d) >PVU (7.67 ± 0.57e). PVU, KAE and MCA were resistant to the extract of H. asper while only STY was resistant to that of H. sabdariffa. Conclusion: H. sabdariffa extract demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity against the selected bacterial isolates than H. asper. However, the two extracts minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) ranged from 25 mg/mL to 12.5 mg/mL. This is worthy of further exploration by pharmacological industries in the formulation of potent broad spectrum antibiotics for combating the present health challenge due to antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antimicrobial responses associated with in vitro salt stress of in vitro and in vivo grown Pistacia khinjuk stocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1885-1900
Author(s):  
Emine AYAZ TİLKAT ◽  
Nesrin HAŞİMİ ◽  
İbrahim S. KURU ◽  
Veysel SÜZERER
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts

P. khinjuk Stocks, known as Bıttım or Buttum in Turkey, is a member of the Anacardiaceae family. The essential oil of khinjuk pistachio has been used to treat various illnesses because of their anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antipyretic, antibacterial, anthelmintic, antiviral effects in various folk medicines. At the same time, fruits of khinjuk pistachio are used as edible wild fruits. In this study, it was aimed to determine and compare the antibacterial, antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid amounts of different parts (root, stem and leaf explants) of in vivo (grown naturally) and in vitro derived khinjuk pistachio plants under salt (NaCl) stress. Ethanol extracted explants were used for performing biological and chemical parameters. According to the results, generally, in vivo samples shows higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activity besides the higher number of phenolic compounds than their counterparts in vitro. We have also determined that the biological activity of in vitro salt elicited explants was higher than in vitro control explants. Generally, both female and male in vivo samples have higher antioxidants (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC) and antimicrobial activities than in vitro samples. The various plant parts (root, stem, leaf) belonging to both in vivo and in vitro samples have different biological activity level. In terms of antimicrobial activity, female plant extracts are more active than all other tested extracts. As a result, although increased salinity values significantly reduced antimicrobial activity, it is determined that 100 mM NaCl applications to in vitro leaf extracts exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extracts of Clitoria ternatea and Solanum nigrum and Study of Its Antibacterial Effect against Common Nosocomial Pathogens

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayanaswamy Krithiga ◽  
Athimoolam Rajalakshmi ◽  
Ayyavoo Jayachitra
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogens

Bionanotechnology has emerged up as integration between biotechnology and nanotechnology for developing biosynthetic and environmental friendly technology for synthesis of nanomaterials. Silver has been known to have effective bactericidal properties for centuries. Nowadays, silver based topical dressings have been widely used as a treatment for infection in burns, open wounds, and chronic ulcer. As the pathogenic organisms are getting evolved day by day due to mutation and gaining antibiotic resistance, an important industrial sector of nanoscience deals with the preparation and study of nanoparticles in antibacterial clothing, burn ointments, and coating for medical device. The size of nanomaterials is much smaller than that of most biological molecules and structures; therefore, nanomaterials can be useful in both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research application. The purpose of the study is to synthesize and characterize the plant mediated silver nanoparticles using Clitoria ternatea and Solanum nigrum. Further investigation of the shape and size of nanoparticle was done by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic studies. A silver nanoparticle at different concentration was assessed for its antibacterial effect, against various nosocomial pathogens.

In-Vivo and In-Vitro Biocompatibility Evaluations of Silver Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 5205-5209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Wook Han ◽  
Yeon I Woo ◽  
Mi Hee Lee ◽  
Jong Ho Lee ◽  
Jaebeom Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility

Synthesis of Novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl Substituted Thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidinones as H1-Anti-Histaminic and Antimicrobial Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Shiv Dev Singh ◽  
Arvind Kumar ◽  
Firoz Babar ◽  
Neetu Sachan ◽  
Arun Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Chlorpheniramine Maleate ◽  
In Vivo Screening

Background: Thienopyrimidines are the bioisoster of quinazoline and unlike quinazoline exist in three isomeric forms corresponding to the three possible types annulation of thiophene to the pyrimidine ring viz thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine, thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidine and thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine. Heterocyclic containing the thienopyrimidinone moiety exhibits various pronounced activities such as anti-hypertensive, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, antiviral, platelet aggregation inhibitory, antiprotozoal bronchodilatory, phosphodiesterase inhibitory, antihistaminic, antipsychotic and antimicrobial activity. Objective: Synthesis of novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones as H1-anti-histaminic and antimicrobial agents. Methods: A series of 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl]-2-(1H)thioxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b) thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine-4(3H)-ones[4a-d], their oxo analogous [5a-d] and 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl]- 2-chlorophenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine- 4 (3H)-ones[6a-d]derivative were synthesized from 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid by nucleophilic substitution of different N,N-dialkyl alkylene/phenylene diamines on activated 3-acylchloride moiety followed by cyclocondensation with carbon disulfide and ethanolic potassium hydroxide to get [4a-d] and in second reaction by condensation with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride to get [6a-d] by single pot novel innovative route. The oxo analogous [5a-d] were prepared by treating derivatives [4a-d] with potassium permagnate in ethanolic KOH. The synthesized compound were evaluated for H1-antihistaminic and antimicrobial activities. Results: All synthesized compounds exhibited significant H1-antihistaminic activity by in vitro and in vivo screening methods and data were verified analytically and statistically. The compound 4a, 4b, 5a and 5b showed significant H1-antihistaminiic activity than the reference standard chlorpheniramine maleate. The compound 6d, 6c, 5c and 4c exhibited significant antimicrobial activity.

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