The Changing Cultural Landscape of the Lower St. Joseph River Valley

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Mark Hoock ◽  
Allison M. Hoock ◽  
Michael S. Nassaney
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Native American ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Alliance Formation ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
Archaeological Project ◽  
Political Economic

Archaeological studies conducted under the auspices of the Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project have focused on material remains in the St. Joseph River valley in Niles, Michigan. Material remains indicate that human groups exploited resources and established settlements throughout the area, and that, in the context of local and regional political economic relations, those settlements shifted in response to changes in resources availability and alliance formation. This chapter examines the spatial distribution of Euro-American and Native American sites in the lower St. Joseph River Valley during the periods ranging from immediately prior, to during, and to after the occupation of Fort St. Joseph. Through the use of geographic information systems (GIS), the authors monitored changes in settlement patterns as they related to the establishment and abandonment of this French colonial outpost.

Prerequisites for the reforms of the Russian Empire in the 1860s: a historical analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-2) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Dmitry Nechevin ◽  
Leonard Kolodkin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Political Economic

The article is devoted to the prerequisites of the reforms of the Russian Empire of the sixties of the nineteenth century, their features, contradictions: the imperial status of foreign policy and the lagging behind the countries of Western Europe in special political, economic relations. The authors studied the activities of reformers and the nobility on the peasant question, as well as legitimate conservatism.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variation of NPP and its response to climatic factors in main river valleys on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01044
Author(s):  
Rong-rong Yang ◽  
Guang-chao Cao ◽  
Sheng-kui Cao ◽  
Yao Lan ◽  
Zhuo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Qilian Mountains ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Qilian Mountain ◽  
Main River ◽  
River Valleys

Based on the NPP products of MODIS data, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of grassland NPP and its response to climatic factors in the vegetation growing season of the main river valleys in the southern slope of Qilian Mountains from 2000 to 2016 were carried out by correlation analysis and spatial interpolation. The research further provides a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of grassland ecosystems on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain and the rational use of grassland resources along the river. The results show that: (1) With the increasing distance of buffers on both sides of the river, the NPP of grassland in each year shows the characteristics of “single-peak” distribution, which is increased first and then decreased; (2) the NPP of grassland in the main river valley of the southern slope of Qilian Mountain The spatial distribution characteristics show a trend of increasing from northwest to southeast. (3) The spatial distribution of NPP and air temperature in the main river valleys of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains is gradually increasing from northwest to southeast, but the spatial distribution correlation coefficient of NPP and precipitation in the river valley grassland of vegetation growing season basically shows a trendof decreasing from northwest to southeast.

scholarly journals Anthropological Genetics Perspectives on the Transatlantic Slave Trade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Fortes-Lima ◽  
Paul Verdu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native American ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Anthropological Genetics ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
African Descendants ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
History Of

Abstract During the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (TAST), around twelve million Africans were enslaved and forcibly moved from Africa to the Americas and Europe, durably influencing the genetic and cultural landscape of a large part of humanity since the 15th century. Following historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists, population geneticists have, since the 1950’s mainly, extensively investigated the genetic diversity of populations on both sides of the Atlantic. These studies shed new lights into the largely unknown genetic origins of numerous enslaved-African descendant communities in the Americas, by inferring their genetic relationships with extant African, European, and Native American populations. Furthermore, exploring genome-wide data with novel statistical and bioinformatics methods, population geneticists have been increasingly able to infer the last 500 years of admixture histories of these populations. These inferences have highlighted the diversity of histories experienced by enslaved-African descendants, and the complex influences of socio-economic, political, and historical contexts on human genetic diversity patterns during and after the slave trade. Finally, the recent advances of paleogenomics unveiled crucial aspects of the life and health of the first generation of enslaved Africans in the Americas. Altogether, human population genetics approaches in the genomic and paleogenomic era need to be coupled with history, archaeology, anthropology, and demography in interdisciplinary research, to reconstruct the multifaceted and largely unknown history of the TAST and its influence on human biological and cultural diversities today. Here, we review anthropological genomics studies published over the past 15 years and focusing on the history of enslaved-African descendant populations in the Americas.

scholarly journals Pakistan-French Relations in the 21st Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Ruslan Prohorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Public Organization ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Traditional Area ◽  
Political Economic

The article discusses the political, economic and cultural cooperation of Pakistan with France in the twenty-first century. Attention is drawn to a peculiar bias towards France in the frequency of political and diplomatic visits by representatives of Pakistan. Due to the fact that France is a traditional donor of the Pakistani economy, attention is drawn to the desire of the parties to increase the role of public diplomacy in the development of trade and economic relations. Meanwhile, France is Pakistan’s long-standing export partner, one of the top ten countries in which Pakistan exports its goods. The importance of developing such areas of cooperation as energy and transport is emphasized. Military-technical cooperation is singled out as a traditional area of cooperation between Pakistan and France. The role of France in the creation and development of the naval forces of Pakistan is indicated. The complicated relations between countries on the issue of nuclear cooperation are shown. The article also discusses security issues, namely, current bilateral documents, joint efforts to combat terrorism, and there gime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons are presented. Interaction in the field of culture is presented on the example of the work of the three centers of the French public organization Alliance de Frances. Separately, attention is drawn to the interaction of state structures of the two countries regarding the return of relics illegally exported from Pakistan. In conclusion, it is concluded that Pakistan’s orientation towards France is quite justified, since this European state has always been friendly to it, is powerful in its economic potential and resources, and the development of relations with this country does not conflict with the orientation towards the United States.

An Introduction to the Archaeology of Francophone Communities in the Americas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Native American ◽  
New World ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Treaty Of Versailles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Ancien Régime

This chapter provides a historical and geographical background and situates the volume’s contributions in the context of previous archaeological research into the French in the New World. The chapter discusses the ways in which French settlers made their presence felt on the landscape and on Native groups through a wide range of settlement types, economic and social networks, and successive generations of habitation. The chapter reviews both the well-studied French colonial period and the lesser known post-Conquest period, after the Treaty of Versailles and after the ancien régime fell, during which communities of Francophone peoples (ethnic French, Native American, and African) continued to live in the New World.

Toward the Target and the Goal: Infrastructure Sabotage and Palestinian Liberation in the Pages of al-Hadaf

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-101
Author(s):  
Zachary Davis Cuyler
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Communicative Act ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract This paper examines a 1969 infrastructure-sabotage campaign by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) as reported in the pages of its weekly newspaper, al-Hadaf. While academic and policy discourse conceptualises sabotage in a way that emphasises its disruptive effects and sometimes obscures the positive political ends toward which acts of sabotage are directed, the PFLP conceptualised sabotage as a practice of revealing the political and economic relations that infrastructures sustain by disrupting them and marking progress toward an alternative political-economic order. For the PFLP, sabotage constituted a kind of concrete critique, a communicative act that conveys a theoretical analysis of processes of extraction, exploitation, and dispossession by physically interrupting them.

scholarly journals Sustainable Heritage Tourism: Native American Preservation Recommendations at Arches, Canyonlands, and Hovenweep National Parks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9846
Author(s):  
Richard Stoffle ◽  
Octavius Seowtewa ◽  
Cameron Kays ◽  
Kathleen Van Vlack
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Park Service

The sustainable use of Native American heritage places is viewed in this analysis as serving to preserve their traditional purposes and sustaining the cultural landscapes that give them heritage meaning. The research concerns the potential impacts of heritage tourism to selected Native American places at Arches National Park, Canyonlands National Park, and Hovenweep National Monument. The impacts of tourists on a heritage place must be understood as having both potential effects on the place itself and on an integrated cultural landscape. Impacts to one place potentially change other places. Their functions in a Native American landscape, and the integrity of the landscape itself. The analysis is based on 696 interviews with representatives from nine tribes and pueblos, who, in addition to defining the cultural meaning of places, officially made 349 heritage management recommendations. The U.S. National Park Service interprets Natives American resources and then brings millions of tourists to these through museums, brochures, outdoor displays, and ranger-guided tours. Native American ethnographic study participants argued that tourist education and regulation can increase the sustainability of Native American places in a park and can help protect related places beyond the park.

scholarly journals Exploration of the Confined Aquifers in the Yuyao River Valley (Eastern China) Using Electrical Sounding Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 02020
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Youcan Yu ◽  
Yufan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Confined Aquifers ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Hydrogeological Data

With abundant groundwater resources and obvious spatial distribution characteristics of confined aquifers, the Yuyao River valley is located in Ningbo, a coastal city in eastern China. It is greatly significant for studying the formation, movement and recharge of groundwater and establishing a sustainable groundwater management system to determine the spatial distribution of confined aquifers. In this paper, the spatial distribution of confined aquifers in the Yuyao River valley are studied by combining the symmetrical quadrupole electrical sounding method with hydrogeological data. Through analysis of the existing hydrogeological data, it is corroborated that there are sand gravel and round gravel confined aquifers in the study area. Then, the results of borehole-side electrical sounding measurements show that significant electrical differences are found among each rock-soil layer in the study area, and the resistivity of sand gravel and round gravel confined aquifers varies from 10 to 20 Ω·m. Finally, 77 symmetrical quadrupole electrical soundings on 5 lines were carried out perpendicular to the Yuyao River valley, and the data of electrical sounding were inverted and analyzed by the analysis software of GeoElectro. After calibration with boreholes, the confined aquifers in the study area were determined to be zonally distributed along the middle line of the valley, with buried depth ranging from -65 to -25 m and width exceeding 1000 m.

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