scholarly journals Desempenho de cultivar de soja de crescimento determinado em diferentes arranjos espaciais

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Paula Daiane de Sena Martins ◽  
Eduardo Lima do Carmo ◽  
Alessandro Guerra da Silva ◽  
Sérgio de Oliveira Procópio ◽  
Gustavo André Simon ◽  
...  

The adoption of different plant arrangements in the soybean crop can promote morphological changes in the plants, which may influencethe grain yield. In this context, the spatial arrangement allied to a determined growth and higher cycle variety may be an alternative for the management of the soybean crop under adverse edaphic-climatic conditions. In this way, the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and the productive components of the BRS Valiosa RR®soybean cultivar, with determinedgrowthin different plant populations and between rows. The trial was installed in Rio Verde/GOat2012/13 agricultural year. A randomized complete block design was used in a factorial arrangement4x4with four replications. It was evaluated four spacing between rows(20; 40; 20/40 and 20/60 cm) associated with four plant populations (200,000, 300,000, 400,000 and 500,000 ha-1plants). The BRS Valiosa RR® cultivar showed potential to reduce the plant population without causing reductions in grain yield, regardless of the spacing between rows.

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
María Cristina Vega ◽  
Enrique Navarro ◽  
José Espinoza ◽  
Gustavo A. Buciaga ◽  
José Luis Guerrero

This research involved ninety-six S1 maize lines with the opaque-2 gene that carne from populations 63 (26 lines), 65 (12 lines), and 68 (58 lines) from the CIMMYT maize breeding programo The S1 lines selected in the laboratory because of their high lysine content were crossed with five testers that had a different genetic base: a synthetic variety, two early lines derived from this variety, and two single intermediate crosses of normal performance. The test crosses were evaluated and compared with five control s (two commercial and three experimental hybrids) using a randomized complete block design in two sites in Mexico during 1992. The objecti ves of this research were to select SI lines in early generations according to their agronomic performance, grain lysine content, and GCA grain yield, and to compare testers' efficiency in discriminating S1 lines. On average, the SI lines of population 63 showed a greater grain yield as compared to that of populations 65 and 68 combined with all testers, except in the case of the synthetic tester YS- 201-M. A line from population 65 combined with tester B3 x B5 showed the highest grain yield (10,23 t ha-I), representing a superiority of 4% above the best commercial hybrid, AN- 447. A total ofthirty-one Sllines were selected based on their agronomic attributes and grain yield: 13, 14, and 4 from populations 63, 65 and 68 respectively]. Tester B3 x B5 tumed out to be the best line discriminator according to the following criteria: grain yield, percentage of ears damaged by Fusarium spp., and number of rotten ears.


2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO DA SILVA ALMEIDA ◽  
FÁBIO LUIZ CHECCHIO MINGOTTE ◽  
LEANDRO BORGES LEMOS ◽  
MÁRCIO JOSÉ DE SANTANA

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to assess the agronomic performance of cowpea cultivars depending on sowing seasons in the Cerrado biome. Thus, an experiment was conducted in Uberaba, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a complete randomized block design, in a 6x3 factorial arrangement, using six cowpea cultivars (BRS-Itaim, BRS-Guariba, BRS-Potengi, BRS-Cauamé, BRS-Novaera and BRS-Tumucumaque) and three sowing seasons (Dec 14, 2012; Jan 14, 2013; and Feb 14, 2013), with four replications. The interaction between the cultivars and sowing seasons was assessed regarding the number of days for full flowering, number of days for pod maturation, number of trifoliate leaves, height of the first pod -bearing node, pod length, number of pods per plant, final plant population, 100-grain weight and grain yield. The cowpea cultivars sown in December produced the lowest numbers of pods per plant and grains per pod, resulting in the lowest grain yields. The cultivar BRS-Tumucumaque had the highest grain yield in the January sowing. The highest grain yields were found in the February sowing, especially when the cultivars BRS-Itaim (3,439 kg ha-1), BRS-Novaera (3,435 kg ha-1), BRS-Guariba (3,168 kg ha-1) and BRS-Potengi (3,107 kg ha-1) was used.


Author(s):  
Alvadi Antonio Balbinot Junior ◽  
Julio Cezar Franchini dos Santos ◽  
Henrique Debiasi ◽  
Antônio Eduardo Coelho ◽  
Moryb Jorge Lima da Costa Sapucay ◽  
...  

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of isolated or combined roots and straw of black oat and wheat, as previous crops in autumn/winter, on the performance of soybean in succession. The experiment was carried out in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 crop seasons in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. The following seven treatments were applied in the autumn/winter of 2017 and 2018, before soybean planting: fallow; straw of black oat or wheat, distributed on plots kept under fallow during autumn/winter, without roots; plots only with roots of black oat or wheat, without straw; and plots with straw and roots of black oat or wheat. Soybean crop performance was estimated using the following variables: plant density, leaf area index, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index, shoot dry matter, grain yield, and yield components. In comparison with fallow, the cultivation of black oat or wheat, as previous crops during the autumn/winter, increases soybean grain yield. The impact of the roots of black oat or wheat on soybean yield is similar to that of straw. Soybean agronomic performance is improved in the combined presence of roots and straw of black oat or wheat.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Tácio Peres da Silva ◽  
Douglas Goulart Castro ◽  
Laís Moretti Tomé ◽  
Marco Renan Félix ◽  
Antônio Rosário Neto ◽  
...  

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response of different doses and sources of nitrogen (N) on agronomic characteristics in upland riceas well astheclimaticand environmentalinfluence on nitrogen fertilization results. Theexperiments were conducted in the University of Lavras, during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 crop seasons, the plots consisted of 4 lines of 3 linear meters, with spacing among rows of 35 cm and a useful plot of 4.2 m2. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications in a 4x4x 2factorial design. The factor doseconsisted in 0, 50,100 e 200 kg ha-1N and the factor sourcesconsisted in ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, urea and polycote, totaling 16 treatments. The characteristics evaluatedwere plant height, grain yield, grain chalkness, 1000 grainsweight andyield. It was concluded that the addiction of doses and Nsources didnot change the agronomic performanceof the upland rice crop. There is an influence of the environment on the responses of plants to nitrogen application, being observed different results in different cropseasons.


2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
EDUARDO DE PAULA SIMAO ◽  
ÁLVARO VILELA RESENDE ◽  
MIGUEL MARQUES GONTIJO NETO ◽  
EMERSON BORGHI ◽  
DENIZE CARVALHO MARTINS ◽  
...  

RESUMO - No Brasil Central, a produtividade e a demanda nutricional do milho em sucessão à soja cultivada no verão são dependentes das condições climáticas ao longo do ciclo. Sendo assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho quantificar a extração e exportação de nutrientes pelo milho, em função da época de semeadura e da adubação fornecida na safrinha de 2014, em Rio Verde-GO. Em cada época de semeadura (29/01/2014 e 25/02/2014) foi conduzido um experimento em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, num esquema fatorial 4x2, sendo quatro adubações de semeadura (00-00-00, 00-50-50, 25-50-50 e 50-50-50 kg ha-1 de N-P2O5-K2O), com ou sem adubação nitrogenada em cobertura (0 ou 50 kg ha-1 de N). Ao final do ciclo, foram avaliados o rendimento de grãos e o acúmulo de nutrientes nos componentes da parte aérea. Foram determinadas a extração e a exportação de nutrientes. O desenvolvimento e a extração de nutrientes pelo milho safrinha são influenciados pela época de cultivo, assim como pela adubação nitrogenada em cobertura, sem, contudo, ser afetados pela adubação NPK realizada na semeadura. Há maior produção de biomassa seca e produtividade de grãos com a semeadura em janeiro em comparação a fevereiro. O cultivo na primeira época e o nitrogênio em cobertura resultam em maior extração da maioria dos nutrientes, sem necessariamente implicar maiores taxas de exportação com a colheita dos grãos. Em média, a exportação por tonelada de grãos produzida foi de 14,2; 1,5; 2,8; 0,07; 0,7 e 1,0 kg de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S; e de 2; 12; 4 e 16 g de Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn, respectivamente. Esses valores implicam doses relativamente baixas de fertilizantes na adubação de manutenção para repor a exportação na colheita do milho safrinha.Palavras-chave: sucessão de culturas, extração, exportação, requerimentos nutricionais, Zea mays L.  OFF-SEASON CORN NUTRIENT DEMAND ACCORDING TO THE SOWING DATE AND FERTILIZATION  ABSTRACT - In Central Brazil, productivity and nutritional demand of corn in succession to soybeans grown in summer are dependent on climatic conditions throughout the cycle. Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the extraction and exportation of nutrients by off-season corn, according to the sowing date and fertilization in Rio Verde, State of –Goiás, Brazil. In each sowing time (01/29/2014 and 02/25/2014), a randomized complete block design experiment was carried out, with four replications, in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four sowing fertilizations (00- 00-00, 00 -50-50, 25-50-50 and 50-50-50 kg ha-1 of N-P2O5-K2O), with or without nitrogen fertilization (0 or 50 kg ha-1 N). At the end of the cycle, grain yield and nutrient accumulation in shoot components were evaluated. The extraction and export of nutrients were determined. The growing season and the sidedress nitrogen influence the development and extraction of nutrients by the off-season corn, without, however, being affected by the NPK fertilization at sowing. There is higher production of dry biomass and grain yield with sowing in January compared to February. First-season cultivation and sidedress nitrogen result in greater extraction of most nutrients, without necessarily implying higher export rates with grain harvest. On average, the export per ton of grain produced was 14.2, 1.5, 2.8, 0.07, 0.7, and 1.0 kg for N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S; and 2, 12, 4, and 16 g for Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, respectively. These values result in relatively low amounts of fertilizers in the maintenance fertilization to replace the nutrients exported by the grain harvest.Keywords: succession crops, extraction, export, nutrient requirements, Zea mays L.


2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriani A

Development of maize varieties tolerant to drought is very important to extensification program in dry maginal lands, especially outside Java. The research objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance, genetic variabilities and heritabilities of hybrid maize top crosses at Probolinggo and Gowa during dry season. A randomized complete block design with two replications was applied to each location. The combined analysis of variance showed that hybrid x location interaction was significant for harvesting date, corncob length, 1000 grain weight, and highly significant for flowering date, leaf curling, husk cover aspect, corncob aspect, plant harvested, weight of corncob harvested and grain yield. The genetic variance was considered broad for grain yield, weight of corncob harvested, shalling percentage, number of grain rows per corncob, and corncob aspect. Heritability values in combined location analysis were high for shalling percentage; medium for grain yield, weight of corncob harvested, shalling number of grain rows per corncob and corncob aspect; but for the other characteristics they were low. Low selection intensity (≥ 10%) can be applied in this generation (S2), but strong selection intensity (≥20%) can be applied in the next generation (≥S3).


Author(s):  
Karen Annie Dias de Morais ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Jorge González Aguilera ◽  
Francisco Mendes de Oliveira Neto ◽  
Elicia Lidiane Santos da Silva ◽  
...  

A incorporação de pó-de-ametista no solo pode promover a remineralização e incrementar a produtividade da cultura da soja. Portanto, o objetivo com o presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e as características agronômicas de cultivares de soja precoce após a aplicação superficial de pó-de-ametista no solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, disposto em esquema fatorial 2×4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas cultivares de soja (Brasmax Foco IPRO e Brasmax Desafio IPRO) e quatro doses de pó de rocha [0 (controle), 3, 6 e 9 t ha-1], cuja fonte é resíduo de uma mineradora de pedra ametista. Na colheita foram determinados: a altura das plantas, a inserção do primeiro legume, o número de legumes, o número de grãos por legume, a massa de mil grãos, produtividade de grãos e o teor de proteína dos grãos. A aplicação de pó-de-ametista resultou em aumento no número de legumes por plantas, todavia, não alterou a produtividade de grãos, independentemente das doses.   Palavras-chave: Glycine max L. Merrill. Pó-de-Rocha. Remineração.   Abstract The incorporation of amethyst powder in the soil can promote remineralization and increase the productivity of the soybean crop. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the performance of the agronomic characteristics of early soybean cultivars after the surface application of amethyst powder in the soil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, arranged in a 2×4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of two soybean cultivars (Brasmax foco IPRO and Brasmax Desafio IPRO) and four doses of rock dust [0 (control), 3, 6 and 9 t ha-1], whose source is the residue of an amethyst stone miner. At harvest, the height of the plants, the insertion of the first legume, the number of legume, the number of grains per legume, the mass of one thousand grains, the grain yield were determined and the protein content of the grains. The application of amethyst powder resulted in an increase in the number of vegetables per plant, however, it did not alter the grain yield, regardless of the doses . Keywords: Glycine max L. Merrill. Rock Dust. Remineralization.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Luiz Cobiniano de Melo Filho ◽  
Ivanildo Guilherme Henrique ◽  
Orivaldo Arf ◽  
Darllan Junior Luiz Santos Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Antonio Anicete de Lima ◽  
...  

Beans are nutrient-demanding plants, with a high demand for nitrogen (N). Nitrogen biological fixation (NBF) is probably the best solution to meet this demand, especially considering losses in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Molybdenum (Mo), present in the enzymes nitrogenase and nitrate reductase, is fundamental in the metabolism of N, including NBF. This study aims to evaluate if bean seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, Rhizobium tropici, and possible interactions with nitrogen topdressing and molybdenum leaf application, may affect winter bean development and yield. A randomized complete block design was used in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme. Plant population, production components, and grain yield were evaluated in two crop seasons (2017 and 2018). Seed inoculation with A. brasilense, when associated with 30 kg ha-1 N topdressing, increased plant population, pod number per plant and grain yield. Nitrogen topdressing is key to increasing winter bean productivity, regardless of inoculation or Mo foliar application.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Deo Nath Yadav ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Jhanka Prasad Sharma

Nitrogen fertilizer and plant density are considered some of the most important factors affecting phenology and grain yield of maize. Therefore, current study was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application and plant density on phenology (days to tasseling, silking and maturity) and grain yield of maize (Variety: Rampur Composite) at Mangalpur VDC-3, Anandapur, Chitwan, Nepal during 2006-07 winter season. The five levels of nitrogen as 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N/ha and three levels of the plant population as 55555, 66666 and 83333 plants/ha were evaluated using two factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The days of flowering (tasseling and silking) decreased with increasing nitrogen level up to 200 kg N/ha and increased with increasing level of plant population up to 83333 plants/ha). Physiological maturity and grain yield increased with increasing level of nitrogen up to 200 kg N/ha and plant population up to 83333 plants/ha. The highest grain yield (6925.79 kg/ha) was obtained with 200 kg N/ha + 66666 plants/ha. This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating maize with the use of 200 kg N/ha and maintaining the plant density of 66666 plants/ha.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Welu

The objective of this experiment was to estimate the magnitude of genotype X environment interaction on grain yield and yield related traits. Twelve varieties of food barley were included in the study planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. The ANOVA of combined and individual location revealed significant differences among the food barley genotypes for grain yield and other traits. The results of ANOVA for grain yield showed highly significant (p≤0.01) differences among genotypes evaluated for grain yield at Maychew and significant (p≤0.05) differences in Korem, Alage and Mugulat. The ANOVA over locations showed a highly significant (p≤0.01) variation for the genotype effect, environment effects, genotype X environment interaction (GEI) effect and significant (p≤0.05) variation for GEI effect of yield and for most of the yield related traits of food barley genotypes. Haftysene, Yidogit, Estayish and Basso were the genotypes with relatively high mean grain yield across all locations and they are highly performing genotypes to the area. Among locations, the highest mean grain yield was recorded at Korem and it was a suited environment to all the genotypes whereas Mugulat is unfavoured one. ECOPRINT 21: 41-48, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11903


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