scholarly journals DIRIGISMO JUDICIAL NOS CONTRATOS EDUCACIONAIS: LIMITES E CRITÉRIOS À INTERVENÇÃO ESTATAL NO PREÇO DAS MENSALIDADES ESCOLARES.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-239
Author(s):  
Marcelo Farina de Medeiros

Since the normativeorganization supported by an analytical Federal Constitution, containing general and abstract norms that claim the judges to active participationin the realization of justice, in specifics cases, has been opened space for judicial activism. In the theoryof the contracts, the formulations of new paradigms, such as equity, good faith and social function authorizes the state intervention in privatesbusiness. Especially in the adhesion contracts, in consumer relationships. State intervention, however, have to respect constitutional principles, such warranty of free enterprise, and private property. This article, therefor, through the deductive method, aims to contribute to the considerations ofthe possibility of states intervention in privateeducationalcontracts, reconciling the capitalist model adoptedin Federal Constitution order and the guarantees inherent to with the protection of consumers, without this implying as affront to the Federal Constitutionlimits.To this is necessary to apply the techniqueof weighing constitutionalrights in conflict. The article suggests that State should not intervene in setting private prices, but to facilitatepayments.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Buchain

 Intervenção do estado na economia e direito da concorrência Intervention of the state in the economy and competition law Luiz Carlos Buchain *  REFERÊNCIA BUCHAIN, Luiz Carlos. Intervenção do estado na economia e direito da concorrência. Revista da Faculdade de Direito da UFRGS, Porto Alegre, n. 38, p. 178-198, ago. 2018. RESUMOABSTRACTO texto trata da intervenção do Estado na ordem econômica. Considerando-se que o mercado perfeito é uma hipótese teórica e que o mercado apresenta “falhas no mercado”, o legislador constitucional autoriza a intervenção do Estado na economia. De um lado o Estado poderá ser agente econômico e explorar diretamente a economia, sempre que essa atividade seja necessária aos “imperativos de segurança nacional” e, de outro, o Estado intervém indiretamente na economia como agente normativo e regulador da atividade econômica. Analisa-se a possibilidade de intervenção do Estado na econômica em face dos princípios de livre iniciativa e livre concorrência. Enquanto a livre iniciativa representa a liberdade de produção e distribuição de bens e serviços, a livre concorrência representa um “princípio econômico”, segundo o qual a produção e os preços das mercadorias e serviços não devem resultar de atos cogentes da autoridade, mas sim do livre mercado. Entretanto, seja como agente regulador, seja como empresário, ao Estado compete garantir a eficácia da livre iniciativa e defesa da ordem concorrencial. A intervenção regulamentar do Estado na economia não o autoriza a agir contra o livre exercício da atividade econômica ou com desrespeito aos princípios da livre iniciativa e legalidade. Mesmo nas hipóteses em que a lei concede ao Estado liberdade aos seus atos, este está submetido ao fundamento da livre iniciativa e ao princípio da livre concorrência, sob pena de responsabilidade civil objetiva. The paper deals with the intervention of the State in the economic order. Considering that the perfect market is a theoretical hypothesis and that the market presents "market failures", the constitutional legislator authorizes the intervention of the State in the economy. On the one hand, the State can be an economic agent and act on the economy directly whenever this activity is necessary to the "imperatives of national security" and, on the other hand, the State intervenes indirectly in the economy as a normative agent and regulator of economic activity. It analyzes the possibility of state intervention in the economy in the face of the principles of free initiative and free competition. While free enterprise represents the freedom to produce and distribute goods and services, free competition represents an "economic principle" according to which the production and prices of goods and services should not be the result of acts of binding authority but of the free market. However, whether as a regulatory agent or as an entrepreneur, the State is responsible for guaranteeing the effectiveness of free initiative and the defense of the competitive order. The State's regulatory intervention in the economy does not authorize it to act against the free exercise of economic activity or with disrespect to the principles of free initiative and rule of law. Even in cases where the law grants the State freedom to act, it is subject to the principle of free initiative and to the principle of free competition, under penalty of objective civil liability.PALAVRAS-CHAVEKEYWORDSLivre iniciativa. Livre concorrência. Intervenção do Estado na economia. Responsabilidade civil objetiva.Free initiative. Free competition. State intervention in the economy. Objective civil liability.* Professora adjunto da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Doutorado em Direito Econômico na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Advogado.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Ramiro Vedoin

<p>Resumo:  O presente artigo tem por finalidade examinar a atividade de fomento como função econômica do Estado atribuída pela Constituição Federal de 1988, bem como os instrumentos jurídicos empregados para desempenhá-la. A partir da abordagem da transição histórica das correntes de pensamento e do consequente alargamento das funções exercidas pelo Estado em relação ao domínio econômico, será analisada a intervenção estatal indireta, também denominada de atuação sobre o domínio econômico, consistente nas funções de fiscalização, incentivo e planejamento, consoante previsão do artigo 174 da atual Carta Magna. Ganhará enfoque o estudo do fomento público e suas formas de manifestação, que serão exploradas sob o viés jurídico, com base em firmes conceitos de Direito Econômico.</p>Abstract: This article aims to examine the fomentation activity as economic function of the State attributed by the Federal Constitution of 1988, as well as the legal instruments used to perform it. From the approach of the historical transition of the currents of thought and the consequent extension of the functions exercised by the State in relation to the economic domain, the indirect state intervention, also knowed as the action under the economic domain, consisting of inspection, incentive and planning functions, according to article 174 of the current Constitution. The study will be focused on public fomentation and its various forms of manifestation, that will be explored under the legal bias, based on firm concepts of Economic Law.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Henrique Ribeiro CARDOZO ◽  
Daniela Carvalho Almeida da COSTA ◽  
Lucilla Menezes da Silva RAMOS

RESUMO O trabalho analisa a preservação do patrimônio cultural brasileiro pelo Estado, através da intervenção estatal na propriedade privada por meio da desapropriação. Para tanto, valer-se-á do estudo de caso do processo judicial nº. 201050100501, que tramita na justiça estadual de Sergipe. O objeto de estudo refere-se ao processo de desapropriação do quadro “Miséria e Caridade”, datado de 1884, do pintor sergipano Horácio Hora. A metodologia escolhida foi o estudo de caso por possibilitar uma investigação empírica de um evento específico e revelador, permitindo entender a complexidade do fenômeno referente à proteção do patrimônio cultural. Assim, com a análise do referido processo judicial, pôde-se perceber o papel primordial desempenhado pelo instituto da desapropriação como um mecanismo hábil e apto a efetivar o comando constitucional referente à proteção dos bens culturais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Patrimônio Cultural; Desapropriação de quadro; Estudo de Caso Concreto. ABSTRACT The paper analyzes the preservation of the Brazilian cultural heritage by the state, through state intervention in private property through expropriation. For this, it will use the case study of the judicial process nº. 201050100501, which is being processed in the state court of Sergipe. The object of study refers to the process of expropriation of the painting "Miséria e Caridade", dated from 1884, executed by the Sergipe painter Horácio Hora. The chosen methodology was the case study for enabling an empirical investigation of a specific and revealing event, allowing to understand the complexity of the phenomenon related to the protection of cultural heritage. Thus, with the analysis of this judicial process, it was possible to perceive the primordial role played by the expropriation institute as a skillful mechanism and able to carry out the constitutional command concerning the protection of cultural goods. KEYWORDS: Cultural Patrimony; Picture Expropriation; Case Law Study.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maghfur Ahmad

This research study Esposito views about Islam's rejection of capitalism. Background of this study is his book What Everyone Needs to Know About Islam, section "why does Islam reject capitalism?". Given the very broad spectrum of topics capitalism, then this study focused on the key issues of private property rights, privatization and state intervention and worker-employer gap Islamic perspective . Research literature indicates that Islam is a middle way between capitalism and socialism. Capitalism recognizes private property without limit, Islam restrict individual ownership, collective ownership of resources is not guaranteed and exclusive ownership. Principle of capitalism are competition, free markets and individual competition without limits, Islam allows the state to intervene economic, market and business, in order to keep harmony, continuity and shared prosperity. Therefore, Islam recognizes the principle of property rights of rich people on poor people. There is the social responsibility of the state, rich people, and the employer, capitalism does not require otherwise.


GIS Business ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Khamrakulova O.D. ◽  
Bektemirov A.B.

The deepening of economic reforms in Uzbekistan is closely linked to the strengthening of macroeconomic stability and the maintenance of high rates of economic growth and competitiveness, the continuation of institutional and structural reforms to reduce the presence of the State in the economy, and the further strengthening of the protection of rights and the priority role of private property, as reflected in the Development Strategy for 2017-2021.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Bakhtiyor Khalmuratov ◽  
◽  
Madina Bakhriddonova

In the article the process of privatization of state property in Uzbekistan in the first years of independence, mechanisms of carrying out it, the influence of privatization processes on the social,economical life of the population and the activities of the privatized organizations in providing the population with work are analyzed. Also, legal basis of privatizing the state property are focused on


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Moh. Ah. Subhan ZA

The main problem of social life in the community is about how to make the allocation and distribution of income well. Inequality and poverty basically arise not because of the difference of anyone’s strength and weakness in getting livelihood, but because of inappropriate distribution mechanism. With the result that wealth treasure just turns on the rich wealthy, which is in turn, results in the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Therefore, a discussion on distribution becomes main focus of theory of Islamic economics. Moreover, the discussion of the distribution is not only related to economic issues, but also social and political aspects. On the other side, the economic vision of Islam gives priority to the guarantee of the fulfillment of a better life. Islam emphasizes distributive justice and encloses, in its system, a program for the redistribution of wealth and prosperity, so that each individual is guaranteed with a respectable and friendly standard of living. Islam recognizes private property rights, but the private property rights must be properly distributed. The personal property is used for self and family livelihood, for investment of the working capital, so that it can provide job opportunities for others, for help of the others through zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh. In this way, the wealth not only rotates on the rich, bringing on gap in social life.The problem of wealth distribution is closely related to the welfare of society. Therefore, the state has a duty to regulate the distribution of income in order that the distribution can be fair and reaches appropriate target. The state could at least attempt it by optimizing the role of BAZ (Badan Amil Zakat) and LAZ (Lembaga Amil Zakat) which has all this time been slack. If BAZ and LAZ can be optimized, author believes that inequality and poverty over time will vanish. This is because the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim.


Author(s):  
Leonardo Cardoso

This book is an ethnographic study of controversial sounds and noise control debates in Latin America’s most populous city. It discusses the politics of collective living by following several threads linking sound-making practices to governance issues. Rather than discussing sound within a self-enclosed “cultural” field, I examine it as a point of entry for analyzing the state. At the same time, rather than portraying the state as a self-enclosed “apparatus” with seemingly inexhaustible homogeneous power, I describe it as a collection of unstable (and often contradictory) sectors, personnel, strategies, discourses, documents, and agencies. My goal is to approach sound as an analytical category that allows us to access citizenship issues. As I show, environmental noise in São Paulo has been entangled in a wide range of debates, including public health, religious intolerance, crime control, urban planning, cultural rights, and economic growth. The book’s guiding question can be summarized as follows: how do sounds enter and leave the sphere of state control? I answer this question by examining a multifaceted process I define as “sound-politics.” The term refers to sounds as objects that are susceptible to state intervention through specific regulatory, disciplinary, and punishment mechanisms. Both “sound” and “politics” in “sound-politics” are nouns, with the hyphen serving as a bridge that expresses the instability that each concept inserts into the other.


Author(s):  
Massimiliano Tomba

Insurgent Universality presents an intervention in current discussions on universalism, democracy, and property. It investigates other trajectories besides traditional ones of modernity and traces an alternative legacy for contemporary movements. This legacy exceeds the familiar juridical horizon of citizenship, individual rights, and the state by revisiting questions relating to power, democratic practices, and the modern conception of private property. Insurgent Universality investigates and displays alternative trajectories of modernity that have been repressed, hindered, and forgotten. These trajectories are not only embodiments of a radical hope and a new conception of universality that arose from insurgencies from below; they also alert us to possibilities in our present that have been underestimated or overlooked. Eventually, they show us alternative institutions by which to reshape our present. These experimental democratic practices and institutions are based on the pluralism of authorities instead of the monopoly power of the state. However, such an inquiry resists the utopian urge to clear the tables. Instead, the book examines more closely, and with a fresh perspective, those aspects of our intellectual inheritance that we have allowed to remain in the darkness. By doing this, Insurgent Universality aims to “decolonize” European history, offering an image of Europe that is not monolithic but, rather, composed of many layers and paths that have been repressed or forgotten. The aim of the book is to rebuild those roads not taken and bridge them with non-European trajectories and political experiments.


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