“Model of the Modern Urban University”: The New Spatial Form of the Chicago Circle Campus

2011 ◽  
pp. 97-132
Author(s):  
Sharon Haar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Form ◽  
Urban University ◽  
Chicago Circle

scholarly journals Unbalanced Development Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Regional Urban Spatial form: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3121
Author(s):  
Guoping Xiong ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Nicholas A. S. Hamm ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Guoqin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Southern Jiangsu

Unbalanced regional development is widespread, and the imbalance of regional development in developing countries with rapid urbanization is increasingly apparent. This threatens the sustainable development of the region. Promoting the coordinated development of the region has become a hot spot of scientific research and a major practical need. Taking 99 counties of Jiangsu Province China, a typical coastal plain region, as the basic research unit, this paper explores the unbalanced development characteristics of the regional urban spatial form using three indicators: urban spatial expansion size, development intensity, and distribution aggregation degree. Then, their driving mechanisms were evaluated using spatial autocorrelation analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, and geographically weighted regression. Our results found that the areas with larger urban spatial expansion size and development intensity were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu, where there was a positive spatial correlation between them. We found no agglomeration phenomenon in urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. From the perspective of driving factors: economics was the main driving factor of urban spatial expansion size; urbanization level and urbanization quality were the main driving factors of urban spatial development intensity. Natural landform and urbanization level are the main driving factors of urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. Finally, we discussed the optimization strategy of regional coordinated development. The quality of urbanization development and regional integration should be promoted in Southern Jiangsu. The level of urbanization development should be improved relying on rapid transportation to develop along the axis in central Jiangsu. The economic size should be increased, focusing on the expansion of the urban agglomeration in northern Jiangsu. This study will enrich the perspective of research on the characteristics and mechanisms of regional urban spatial imbalance, and helps to optimize and regulate the imbalance of regional urban development from multiple perspectives.

Decolonising a landscape architecture studio: Spatial modelling of student narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Christine Price
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Model ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
First Year ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Public Park ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Global North

This paper problematises the dominance of global north perspectives in landscape architectural education, in South Africa where there are urgent calls to decolonise education and make visible indigenous and vernacular meaning-making practices. In grappling with these concerns, this research finds resonance with a multimodal social semiotic approach that acknowledges the interest, agency and resourcefulness of students as meaning-makers in both accessing and challenging dominant educational discourses. This research involves a case study of a design project in a first-year landscape architectural studio. The project requires students to choose a narrative and to represent it as a spatial model: a scaled, 3D maquette of a spatial experience that could be installed in a public park. This practitioner reflection closely analyses the spatial model of one student, Malibongwe, focusing on his interest in meaning-making; the innovative meaning-making practices and diverse resources he draws on; and his expression of spatial signifiers of the Black experiences portrayed in his narrative. This reflection shows how Malibongwe’s narrative is not only reproduced in the spatial model, it is remade: the transformation of resources into three-dimensional spatial form results in new understandings and the production of new meanings.

scholarly journals College Classroom Instructors Can Effectively Promote Standing among Students Provided with Standing Desks

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4464
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Chrisman ◽  
Robert Wright ◽  
William Purdy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Student Preferences ◽  
Standing Time ◽  
Urban University ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
And Control

Standing desks may reduce sedentary behaviors in college students. Students at one mid-size urban university in the Midwestern United States were randomized into intervention (n = 21) and control groups (n = 27) to assess standing time when given access to standing desks. The intervention group received visual and oral instructor prompts to stand, while the control received no prompts during a 50 min lecture. All students were provided with adjustable tabletop standing desks. ActivPAL accelerometers measured sitting and standing time. A brief survey assessed student preferences, including facilitators and barriers to standing. Mean standing time was greater in the intervention vs. control group (26 vs. 17 min, p = 0.023). Students tended to stand in the corners and edges of the room. Main facilitators for standing included to break up sitting, reduce back pain, and increase attention and focus; main barriers were not wanting to distract others or be the only one standing. In total, 87.5% of intervention group participants found five prompts to stand were adequate. Students increased standing time in class when provided with standing desks and instructor prompts to stand. Findings can inform the layout of classrooms and when and how to promote standing desks during lectures.

scholarly journals Study on the Urban Fringe Based on the Expansion–Shrinking Dynamic Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5718
Author(s):  
Changqing Sui ◽  
Wei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Fringe ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Ecological Protection

The urban fringe, as a part of an urban spatial form, plays a considerably major role in urban expansion and shrinking. After decades of rapid development, Chinese cities have advanced from a simple expansion stage to an expansion–shrinking-coexistence stage. In urban shrinking and expansion, the urban fringe shows different characteristics and requirements for specific aspects such as urban planning, land use, urban landscape, ecological protection, and architectural form, thereby forming expanding and shrinking urban fringes. A comprehensive study of expanding and shrinking urban fringes and their patterns is theoretically significant for urban planning, land use, planning management, and ecological civilisation construction.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Morphological Identification of Regional Urban Settlements Based on Road Intersections

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Liang Kong ◽  
Zhengwei He ◽  
Zhongsheng Chen ◽  
Mingliang Luo ◽  
Zhong Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Distance Threshold ◽  
Optimal Distance ◽  
Expansion Curve ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Road Intersections

To measure and present urban size urban spatial forms, in solving problems in the rapid urbanization of China, urban territorial scope identification is essential. Although current commonly used methods can quantitatively identify urban territorial scopes to a certain extent, the results are displayed using a continuous and closed curve with medium- and low-resolution images. This makes the acquisition and interpretation of data challenging. In this paper, by extracting discretely distributed urban settlements, road intersections in OpenStreetMap (OSM), electronic maps, and urban expansion curve based on fractal thoughts have been used to present urban territorial scope and spatial form. Guangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, and Shijiazhuang cities were chosen as the identification targets. The results showed that the distance threshold corresponding to the principal curvature point of the urban expansion curve plays a vital role in the extraction of urban settlements. Moreover, from the analysis, the optimal distance thresholds of urban settlements in Guangzhou, Chengdu, Nanjing, and Shijiazhuang were 132 m, 204 m, 157 m, and 124 m, respectively, and the corresponding areas of urban territorial scopes were 1099.36 km2, 1076.78 km2, 803.07 km2, and 353.62 km2, respectively. These metrics are consistent with those for the built-up areas.

Structure Model and Developing Rules of Space Form Evolution of Xi'an High-Tech Industries Development Zone

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1953-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Cui ◽  
Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Space Form ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
New Town

The paper analyzed development process of Xian high-tech industries development Zone. Summarizes the structure model of space form evolution of Xian high-tech zone as six stages: Growing point gatheringDispersion; Growth axis formingCircle domain; Point axis stretchExtension; Leaping growthNew points; Introverted fillingInflation; Circle differentiationFusion. At last, combined with the process of cell division theory, the paper puts forward developing rules of spatial form evolution of Xian high-tech zone as the process of cell fission of four stages: Space structural change of the geographic distribution in initial development periodIndustry zone of single function; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in accelerated development periodComprehensive industrial zone of specialization accumulated; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in high speed development periodGroup service center of complex new town; Space structural change of the geographic distribution in the futureSub-center of city.

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