A MODEL FOR PREDICTING POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AMONG DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Nissim Ben-David ◽  
Evyatar Ben David ◽  
Zvi Winer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Age Group ◽  
High Survival Rate

We present a theoretical model that enables to predict population distribution according to fertility and survival rates for each age group. Using World Bank data, we estimated the relation between fertility rate of change and survival probabilities. Our findings show that fertility rate of change is reduced in countries with low or medium survival rate of infants. Conversely, it increased for those with a high survival rate of infants. If the survival rate of infants converges to 1, the fertility rate of change converges to zero, moving the country to steady size of population at age 1.  

scholarly journals Survival of Prosthodontic Restorations Luted with Resin-Based versus Composite-Based Cements: Retrospective Cohort Study

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Ján Staněk ◽  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Adam Le ◽  
Matěj Bernát ◽  
Milad Hammal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Composite

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical performance, survival, and complications of indirect composite inlays, onlays, and overlays on posterior teeth. Digital records of 282 patients treated between 2014 and 2018 were accessed and analyzed retrospectively. The included patients received 469 composite restorations luted with seven different resin-based types of cement, i.e., Filtek Ultimate Flow, Enamel Plus, Relyx Ultimate, Harvard Premium Flow, Relyx Unicem, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, and Filtek Ultimate. The restorations had been clinically and radiographically evaluated annually. The mechanical and clinical complications, e.g., debonding, fracture, and secondary caries, were evaluated and recorded. The examined restorations exhibited a high survival rate (84.9%), and failure was found in only 71 cases. Fracture was the most common cause (n = 36), followed by prosthetic work release (n = 19) and secondary caries (n = 16). There was a statistically significant difference between failure and cement material (Sig. < 0.001); the composite-based cements (87.2%) had a high survival rate compared to the resin-based cement (72.7%). Similarly, the cements with high viscosity (90.2%) had significantly higher survival rates than the low-viscosity cements (78.9%). Moreover, onlays showed higher longevity compared to overlays (Sig. = 0.007), and patients aged under 55 years showed less complications (Sig. = 0.036). Indirect composite restoration was a successful solution to tooth structure loss. The material of the cementation is an important part of the success. Higher survival rate was found in our study when the fixation materials with high viscosity were used, thus suggesting using these materials with indirect restorations. Composite-based cements had significantly higher survival rate than resin-based cements.

scholarly journals Better Rooting Procedure to Enhance Survival Rate of Field Grown Malaysian Eksotika Papaya Transformed with 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Gene

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogayah Sekeli ◽  
Janna Ong Abdullah ◽  
Parameswari Namasivayam ◽  
Pauziah Muda ◽  
Umi Kalsom Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Half Strength

A high survival rate for transformed papaya plants when transferred to the field is useful in the quest for improving the commercial quality traits. We report in this paper an improved rooting method for the production of transformed Malaysian Eksotika papaya with high survival rate when transferred to the field. Shoots were regenerated from embryogenic calli transformed with antisense and RNAi constructs of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) genes using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. Regenerated transformed shoots, each measuring approximately 3-4 cm in height, were cultured in liquid half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium or sterile distilled water, and with either perlite or vermiculite supplementation. All the culturing processes were conducted either under sterile or nonsterile condition. The results showed that rooting under sterile condition was better. Shoots cultured in half-strength MS medium supplemented with vermiculite exhibited a 92.5% rooting efficiency while perlite showed 77.5%. The survival rate of the vermiculite-grown transformed papaya plantlets after transfer into soil, contained in polybags, was 94%, and the rate after transfer into the ground was 92%. Morpho-histological analyses revealed that the tap roots were more compact, which might have contributed to the high survival rates of the plantlets.

High survival rate in advanced-stage B-cell lymphomas and leukemias without CNS involvement with a short intensive polychemotherapy: results from the French Pediatric Oncology Society of a randomized trial of 216 children.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Patte ◽  
T Philip ◽  
C Rodary ◽  
J M Zucker ◽  
H Behrendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Cns Involvement

From April 1984 to December 1987, the French Pediatric Oncology Society (SFOP) organized a randomized trial for advanced-stage B-cell lymphoma without CNS involvement to study the possibility of reducing the length of treatment to 4 months. After receiving the same three intensive six-drug induction courses based on high-dose fractionated cyclophosphamide, high-dose methotrexate (HD MTX), and cytarabine in continuous infusion, patients were evaluated for remission. Those who achieved complete remission (CR) were randomized between a long arm (five additional courses with two additional drugs; 16 weeks of treatment) and a short arm (two additional courses; 5 weeks). For patients in partial remission (PR), intensification of treatment was indicated. Two hundred sixteen patients were registered: 15 stage II nasopharyngeal and extensive facial tumors, 167 stage III, and 34 stage IV, 20 of the latter having more than 25% blast cells in bone marrow. The primary sites of involvement were abdomen in 172, head and neck in 30, thorax in two, and other sites in 12. One hundred sixty-seven patients are alive in first CR with a minimum follow-up of 18 months; four are lost to follow-up. Eight patients died from initial treatment failure, 14 died from toxicity or deaths unrelated to tumor or treatment, and 27 relapsed. The event-free survival (EFS), with a median follow-up of 38 months, is 78% (SE 3) for all the patients, 73% (SE 11) for the stage II patients, 80% (SE 3) for the stage III patients, and 68% (SE 8) for the stage IV and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. One hundred sixty-six patients were randomized: 82 in the short arm and 84 in the long arm. EFS is, respectively, 89% and 87%. Statistical analysis confirms equivalence of both treatment arms with regard to EFS. Moreover, morbidity was lower in the short arm. This study confirms the high survival rate obtained in the previous LMB 0281 study without radiotherapy or debulking surgery and demonstrates the effectiveness of short treatment.

scholarly journals Survival Rate of 1008 Short Dental Implants with 21 Months of Average Follow-Up: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3943
Author(s):  
João Caramês ◽  
Ana Catarina Pinto ◽  
Gonçalo Caramês ◽  
Helena Francisco ◽  
Joana Fialho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Implant Survival ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Clinical Records

This retrospective study evaluated the survival rate of short, sandblasted acid-etched surfaced implants with 6 and 8 mm lengths with at least 120 days of follow-up. Data concerning patient, implant and surgery characteristics were retrieved from clinical records. Sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA)-surfaced tissue-level 6 mm (TL6) or 8 mm (TL8) implants or bone-level tapered 8 mm (BLT8) implants were used. Absolute and relative frequency distributions were calculated for qualitative variables and mean values and standard deviations for quantitative variables. A Cox regression model was performed to verify whether type, length and/or width influence the implant survival. The cumulative implant survival rate was assessed by time-to-event analyses (Kaplan–Meier estimator). In all, 513 patients with a mean age of 58.00 ± 12.44 years received 1008 dental implants with a mean follow-up of 21.57 ± 10.77 months. Most implants (78.17%) presented a 4.1 mm diameter, and the most frequent indication was a partially edentulous arch (44.15%). The most frequent locations were the posterior mandible (53.97%) and the posterior maxilla (31.55%). No significant differences were found in survival rates between groups of type, length and width of implant with the cumulative rate being 97.7% ± 0.5%. Within the limitations of this study, the evaluated short implants are a predictable option with high survival rates during the follow-up without statistical differences between the appraised types, lengths and widths.

scholarly journals High survival rate of a critically endangered species, the Azores Bullfinch Pyrrhula murina, as a contribution to population recovery

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Monticelli ◽  
Ricardo Ceia ◽  
Ruben Heleno ◽  
Hugo Laborda ◽  
Sergio Timóteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Population Recovery ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Critically Endangered Species

scholarly journals Repeat hepatectomy for recurrent colorectal liver metastases is associated with a high survival rate

HPB ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 774-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Andreou ◽  
Antoine Brouquet ◽  
Eddie K. Abdalla ◽  
Thomas A. Aloia ◽  
Steven A. Curley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Repeat Hepatectomy ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Survival Rate

scholarly journals Revegetation of Rock Slopes with Different Substrates in an Abandoned Quarry in Jinju, Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Ma Hoseop ◽  
Ettagbor Hans Enukwa ◽  
Kang Wonseok ◽  
Kim Choonsig
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Rock Slopes ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Leaf Mold ◽  
Dianthus Barbatus ◽  
Target Plant

The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of drilled slanted holes filled with different substrates in the revegetation of rock slopes. Slanted holes were drilled on rock slopes using pneumatic drillers in an abandoned limestone quarry area. These holes were filled with twelve different substrates, treated with Trichoderma harzianum. One climbing plant of Ivy (Hedera rhombea), a native woody plant (Lespedeza cyrtobotrya), three native herbaceous plants (Dianthus barbatus, Siberian chrysanthemum and Aster koraiensis) and one exotic grass plant (Festuca arundinacea) were planted in each of the soils. Six months after planting, only Ivy, Festuca arundinacea, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Dianthus barbatus were still observed growing on the soils, while the other plant species had already died in all the 12 soil treatments. Leaf mold soil + 50% Trichoderma harzianum provide the best conditions for revegetation of Festuca arundinacea, as this plant had its highest mean height, high survival rate, with impressive growth rate on this soil. Lespedeza cyrtobotrya also had its most favorable growth on Leaf mold soil + 50% T. harzianum. Mixed soil + 100% T. harzianum provide the best conditions for revegetation of Ivy. Leaf mold soil + 100% T. harzianum provide the best condition for revegetation of Dianthus barbatus as it had its highest mean height, highest growth rate and high survival rate on this soil. Siberian chrysanthemum and Aster koraiensis had the worse results as all of the plants died within a short period of time after planting. Ivy had the highest mean height, followed by Festuca arundinacea. The planted Ivy and Festuca arundinacea now form the vegetation of the research site which together with the substrate is now providing habitat to some wildlife like some species of centipedes, earthworms, insects and wild plants. Less than one year after planting, F. arundinacea already produced flowers and seeds which would further increase the plant population after dispersal and germination. Drilling slanted holes on rock slopes is therefore a feasible method to be used for revegetation and restoration of degraded quarries.The revegetation of steep rock slopes of quarries is a very challenging activity. However, the method of drilling slanted holes on rock slopes is a feasible method to be used for restoration of degraded quarries. These holes could serve in soil deposition and water retention that will further enhance plant growth.Methods of improving seed germination as well as enhancing growth of plants are also imperative in revegetation success of such degraded landscapes. Different percentage mixtures of T. harzianum in different soils could enhance plant growth depending on the target plant species. Different substrates could thus be used in such revegetation process depending on the target plant species.Revegetation would provide habitat and improve landscape beauty and stability, thus it is important for successful restoration of rock slopes 

Abstract 12091: Novel ECMO Cannulation Strategy Expedites Conversion to LVAD

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S Foley ◽  
T. B Reece ◽  
Andreas Brieke ◽  
Amrut Ambardekar ◽  
Joseph C Cleveland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
High Survival ◽  
High Survival Rate ◽  
Anterolateral Thoracotomy ◽  
Device Implantation ◽  
Organ Recovery ◽  
Va Ecmo

Objectives: Venoarterial (VA) ECMO has emerged as a successful modality for bridging patients with critical cardiogenic shock to durable support. However, LV distention on ECMO impairs RV and lung recovery and can result in the need for a temporary RVAD. Additionally, patients on VA ECMO with organ dysfunction may require ongoing LV assistance for recovery prior to durable LVAD conversion. Placement of a large apical LV vent allows bedside conversion to LVAD and provides time for organ recovery prior to elective durable device implantation. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that LV venting on ECMO accelerates RV recovery, hastening conversion to LVAD. Methods: ECMO cases from January 2012 to April 2014 were reviewed following IRB approval. Sixteen patients met INTERMACS Category 1 criteria who were placed on VA ECMO for cardiogenic or post-cardiotomy shock. Eight patients had LV venting and eight had standard peripheral cannulation. Refractory pulmonary edema, CPR during cannulation, and severe LV distention were indications for LV venting. A 32 French malleable cannula was placed by limited anterolateral thoracotomy into the LV apex. Bedside LVAD conversion was performed by percutaneous decannulation of the venous line and removal of oxygenator from circuit. Results: Conversion to temporary LVAD was successful in all LV vent cases at a mean timepoint of 5.9 (±1.3) days after LV venting compared with 13.5 (±4.9) days in non-vented patients (p = 0.07). RVAD requirement was 25% in non-vented patients and 0% in vented patients. 30-day mortality was 25% for both groups. Conclusions: LV venting as an adjunct to VA ECMO facilitates RV recovery to enable early LVAD conversion at the bedside. It also provides organ recovery time and obviates the need for a temporary RVAD at the time of durable LVAD implantation. In conclusion, the LV apical venting technique allows staged recovery of critically ill patients in biventricular and multiple organ failure with a high survival rate.

scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of multitarget treatment of pediatric patients with helical intensity-modulated radiotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (12) ◽  
pp. 1103-1115
Author(s):  
Maria-Elena A. Salfelder ◽  
Kerstin A. Kessel ◽  
Uwe Thiel ◽  
Stefan Burdach ◽  
Severin Kampfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Single Target ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Grade 3

Abstract Background and purpose Radiotherapy (RT) is persistently gaining significance in the treatment of pediatric tumors. However, individual features of a growing body and multifocal stages complicate this approach. Tomotherapy offers advantages in the treatment of anatomically complex tumors with low risks of side effects. Here we report on toxicity incidence and outcome of tomotherapy with a focus on multitarget RT (mtRT). Materials and methods From 2008 to 2017, 38 children diagnosed with sarcoma were treated with tomotherapy. The median age was 15 years (6–19 years). Toxicity was graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v.4.03 and classified into symptoms during RT, acutely (0–6 months) and late (>6 months) after RT, and long-term sideeffects (>24 months). Results The main histologies were Ewing sarcoma (n = 23 [61%]) and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 5 [13%]). RT was performed with a median total dose of 54 Gy (40.5–66.0 Gy) and a single dose of 2 Gy (1.80–2.27 Gy). Twenty patients (53%) received mtRT. Median follow-up was 29.7 months (95% confidence interval 15.3–48.2 months) with a 5-year survival of 55.2% (±9.5%). The 5‑year survival rate of patients with mtRT (n = 20) was 37.1 ± 13.2%, while patients who received single-target RT (n = 18) had a 5-year survival rate of 75 ± 10.8%. Severe toxicities (grade 3 and 4) emerged in 14 patients (70%) with mtRT and 7 patients (39%) with single-target RT. Two non-hematological grade 4 toxicities occurred during RT: one mucositis and one radiodermatitis. After mtRT 5 patients had grade 3 toxicities acute and after single-target RT 4 patients. One patient had acute non-hematological grade 4 toxicities (gastritis, pericarditis, and pericardial effusion) after mtRT. Severe late effects of RT occurred in 2 patients after mtRT and in none of the single-target RT patients. No severe long-term side effects appeared. Conclusion Our results showed acceptable levels of acute and late toxicities, considering the highly advanced diseases and multimodal treatment. Hence, tomotherapy is a feasible treatment method for young patients with anatomically complex tumors or multiple targets. Especially mtRT is a promising and innovative treatment approach for pediatric sarcomas, delivering unexpectedly high survival rates for patients with multifocal Ewing sarcomas in this study, whereby the limited number of patients should invariably be considered in the interpretation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document