scholarly journals Automatic Localization of the Carotid Wall in Ultrasound Imaging Based on Convolutional Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre G. Silva ◽  
Eryk K. Da Cruz ◽  
Rangel Arthur ◽  
Giulliano P. Carnielli ◽  
Henri A. De Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The World ◽  
Carotid Wall ◽  
Automatic Localization

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in the world. It is a cardiovascular disease characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells and lipids inside the artery walls. In Brazil, more than 30% of all deaths are due to cardiovascular diseases. The carotid intima-media thickness, obtained from ultrasound images, maybe an early estimate of atherosclerosis.This test is fast, safe and non-invasive, as well as being reproducible and relatively inexpensive. In this context, this work, based on convolutional neural networks and techniques of mathematical morphology, consists in automatically locating the region that covers the intima and media sublayers of carotid arteries. The proposed method obtained a score of 88% considering the trained model applied to 234 ultrasonographic images in two different datasets. The analysis of the neighborhood of the points obtained can be useful in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors.

Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammatory Markers of Vascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevket Balta
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Willebrand Factor

: Vascular diseases are the main reason for morbidity and mortality worldwide. As we know, the earlier phase of vascular diseases is endothelial dysfunction in humans, the endothelial tissues play an important role in inflammation, coagulation, and angiogenesis, via organizing ligand-receptor associations and the various mediators’ secretion. We can use many inflammatory non-invasive tests (flowmediated dilatation, epicedial fat thickness, carotid-intima media thickness, arterial stiffness and anklebrachial index) for assessing the endothelial function. In addition, many biomarkers (ischemia modified albumin, pentraxin-3, E-selectin, angiopoietin, endothelial cell specific molecule 1, asymmetrical dimethylarginine, von Willebrand factor, endothelial microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells) can be used to evaluate endothelial dysfunction. We have focused on the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory markers of vascular disease in this review.

Segmentation and Measurements of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Ultrasound Images Using the Improved Convolutional Neural Network and Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Dequan Guo ◽  
Gexiang Zhang ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Jianying Yuan ◽  
Prithwineel Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Boundary Points ◽  
Media Thickness

In recent years, diseases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular have attracted much attention due to main causes in death in human beings. To reduce mortality, there are lots of efforts which are focused on early diagnosis and prevention. It is an important reference index for cardiovascular diseases through the endovascular membrane in carotid artery by medical ultrasound images. The paper proposes a method which finds the region of interest (ROI) by convolutional neural network, segments and measures intima-media membrane mainly using support vector machine (SVM). Essentially, the task of detecting the membrane is one target detection problem. This paper adopts the strategy, named Yon Only Look Once (YOLO), a new detection algorithm, and follows the convolution neural network algorithm based on end-to-end training. Firstly, sufficient samples are extracted according to certain characteristics in the special region. It can be trained by the SVM classification model. Then the ROI is processed and all the pixels are classified into boundary points and non-boundary points through the classification model. Thirdly, the boundary points are selected to obtain the accurate boundary and calculate the intima-media thickness (IMT). In experiments, two hundred ultrasound images are tested, and the results verify that our algorithm is consistent with the results by ground truth (GT). The detection speed of the algorithm in this paper is in real time, and it has high generalization characteristics. The algorithm computes the intima-media thickness in ultrasound images accurately and quickly with 95% consistence to ground truth.

Abstract P298: Relationship Of Plasma Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine To Carotid Intima-media Thickness In General Japanese Population: The ERA-JUMP And The SESSA

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ya Nagasawa ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Takayoshi Ohkubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Plasma Adma ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective: Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, is known as a mediator of endothelial cell dysfunction. Some clinical studies have found evidence that increased plasma ADMA levels are associated with a higher risk of cerebrovascular events. However, studies on the relationship of plasma ADMA to subclinical atherosclerosis have been scarce. We evaluated the association of ADMA with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in population-based samples in Japan. Methods: Population-based Japanese samples composed of 313 men aged 40-49 (40s men) from the ERA-JUMP and 732 men aged 60-79 (60s+70s men) from the SESSA were examined with physical examinations, life-style questionnaires, laboratory assessment and IMT using standardized methods. Plasma samples were stored at -80°C, and concentration of ADMA was determined using a validated high-throughput liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric assay. The IMTs of the right and left common carotid arteries, the carotid bulbs, and the internal carotid arteries were examined. Statistical associations were evaluated using multiple linear regression models with adjustment for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, smoking, alcohol intake, medications for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) . Results: The average concentrations and standard deviation (SD) of plasma ADMA in men aged 40-49 and 60-79 were 0.39 ± 0.06 and 0.43 ± 0.06 μmol/L, respectively. The mean and SD of IMT in men aged 40-49 and 60-79 were 0.61 ± 0.07 and 0.91 ± 0.20 mm, respectively. Higher level of ADMA was significantly and positively associated with proportion of current smoking both in 40s and 60s+70s men (correlation coefficient: both p <0.001). It was also significantly and positively associated with eGFR in 60s+70s men (p <0.001) but not associated with eGFR in 40s men (p = 0.429). In full adjusted linear regression models, 1 SD increase in ADMA was associated with 0.14mm increase in IMT in 40s men (p=0.01) but only 0.04mm increase in IMT in 60s+70s men (p=0.26). Conclusions: Higher level of ADMA was associated with more IMT independently of traditional risk factors and renal function in young adult men, but not in elderly men.

scholarly journals Carotid Artery Temperature Reduction with Statin Therapy in Patients with Familial Hyperlipidemia Syndromes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5008
Author(s):  
Georgios Benetos ◽  
Spyros Galanakos ◽  
Iosif Koutagiar ◽  
Ioannis Skoumas ◽  
Georgios Oikonomou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Familial Hyperlipidemia ◽  
Maximum Minimum

Background: Microwave radiometry (MWR) assesses non-invasive carotid artery temperatures reflecting inflammation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of hypolipidemic therapy either with simvastatin or with combination simvastatin plus ezetimibe on carotid artery temperatures of patients with familial hyperlipidemia syndromes (FHS). Methods: Consecutive patients with diagnosis of either familial heterozygous hypercholesterolemia (heFH) or familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) were included in the study. Patients were assigned to either simvastatin 40 mg or simvastatin 40 mg plus ezetimibe 10 mg, according to the discretion of the physician. FHS patients who refused statin therapy were used as a control group. Common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT) was measured and ΔΤ (maximum-minimum) temperature measurements were performed across each carotid during MWR evaluation. RESULTS: In total, 115 patients were included in the study. Of them, 40 patients received simvastatin (19 heFH and 21 FCH), 41 simvastatin + ezetimibe (31 heFH and 10 FCH), and 34 (21 heFH and 13 FCH) no statin. Carotid artery temperatures were significantly reduced at 6 months in FH patients who received hypolipidemic treatment (0.83 ± 0.34 versus 0.63 ± 0.24 oC, p = 0.004 for simvastatin, 1.00 ± 0.38 versus 0.69 ± 0.23 oC, p < 0.001 for simvastatin+ezetimibe), but no change was recorded in controls (0.72 ± 0.26 versus 0.70 ± 0.26 oC, p = 0.86). CONCLUSIONS: Hypolipidemic therapy reduced carotid temperatures in FHS patients.

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