Quality Analysis of Welded and Soldered Joints of Cu-Nb Microcomposite Wires

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaj VIŠNIAKOV ◽  
Jurij NOVICKIJ ◽  
Danutė ŠČEKATUROVIENĖ ◽  
Adomas PETRAUSKAS
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Stress Limit ◽  
Steel Sleeve

Quality analysis of welded and soldered joints of Cu-Nb microcomposite wires has been performed. Quality and mechanical characteristics of joints as ultimate tensile stress limit and elongation at break were measured with an universal testing machine and controlled visually using an optical microscope. Two wires joints were soldered with silver and copper solders and put into steel and copper sleeve respectively. Another two wires joints were soldered with silver solder and welded without any reinforcement. Joints soldered with the silver solder and steel sleeve have demonstrated the best mechanical characteristics: ultimate tensile stress limit of 650 MPa and elongation at break of 0.85 %. Joints soldered with the copper sleeve have no advantages comparing with the soldered butt joint. Ultimate tensile stress limit and elongation at break were in 300 MPa - 350 MPa and in 0.35 % - 0.45 % ranges respectively. Two welded joints had ultimate tensile stress limit of 470 MPa and elongation at break of 0.71 %. In all joints the microstructure of Nb filaments was destroyed and mechanical properties have been specified by mechanical strength of copper and sleeve materials only.http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.17.1.242

Physicomechanical properties of composites based on various types of polyethylene and aluminum

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
H. V. Allakhverdiyeva ◽  
◽  
N. T. Kakhramanov ◽  
I. I. Ismayilov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Aluminum Particles ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Elastic Module ◽  
Properties Of Composites

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of aluminum content on the physic-mechanical properties of composites based on high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. The properties of metal-filled composites, such as ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, elastic module, melt flow rate, and heat resistance, were studied. According to the data obtained, the loading of aluminum into the composition of low density polyethylene contributes to a monotonic increase in the ultimate tensile stress and the elastic module. When aluminum is loading into the composition of high density polyethylene, on the contrary, a natural decrease in the ultimate tensile stress and elongation at break of the composites is observed. It is shown that when using a compatibilizer, which is polyethylene modified with maleic anhydride, a significant increase in the ultimate tensile stress of high-density polyethylene composites is observed. A schematic representation of the structure of composites with an interpretation of the probable mechanism of hardening of the material in the presence of a compatibilizer is given. It is shown that the crystallinity of the initial polyethylene has a significant effect on the hardening effect of composites. Electron microscopic micrographs of the structure of a filled composite without and with compatibilizer are given. A comparative assessment shows that in the presence of a compatibilizer, aluminum particles are in the bulk of the polymer matrix, i.e. are not in an isolated state. It is assumed that HDPE macrochains free of maleic anhydride (MA) are involved in the formation of crystalline formations, and small sections of macrosegments containing polar groups of MA are concentrated mainly in amorphous regions and in defects in crystalline structures in the form of passage chains. The concentration of PEMA macrosegments containing MA in the narrow amorphous space of HDPE favorably affects the increase in the adhesive forces of interaction on the surface of aluminum particles, which affects the preservation of the ultimate tensile stress at a relatively high level over a wide range of aluminum concentrations.

Influence of Friction Stir Welding on Hardness Distribution in Joints of AlZn5Mg1 Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Dudzik ◽  
Adam Charchalis
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Hardness Testing ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Bonding Method ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Values Distribution

The article presents the research results of hardness values distribution of friction stir welded joint (FSW) alloy AW 7020 (AlZn5Mg1). FSW is a method of welding in the solid state, mechanical properties of joints welded by that method can be higher than that for arc welding techniques (MIG, TIG). The parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) used to join 7020 alloy were presented. Metallographic analysis showed the correctly structured FSW welded 7020 alloy. The study was carried out using Vickers hardness HV5 in accordance with the requirements of the Polish Standard PN-EN 6507 using a hardness testing machine HPO-10. The location of measurement points in the butt joint was determined in accordance with PN-EN 1043-1:2000. The indenter load was 49 N. In order to determine the effect of bonding method on structure change of the material microscopic examination was performed using an optical microscope ZEISS Axiovert 25.The test specimens were polished and then etched with KELLER reagent. This enabled the precise identification of zones present in the joint, such as: weld nugget, thermo-mechanically affected zone, native material. To determine the grain size in the different zones of joints bonded by FSW AxioVision 4.8.2 software was used. Hardness testing in across researched joints showed that the highest value of hardness is in the weld and the lowest is in the native material.

A STUDY OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF PROTON BEAM IRRADIATED Al–Mg–Si ALLOY

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1645-1652
Author(s):  
I. M. GHAURI ◽  
NAVEED AFZAL ◽  
YASIR IDREES
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Tensile Deformation ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Mev Protons

In the present paper, the microstructure and tensile properties of Al – Mg – Si alloy irradiated with 2 MeV protons for 5, 10, 20, and 40 mins at 300 K are investigated. The microstructure of irradiated specimens, observed using metallurgical microscope, shows that aspirates are emitted out from the surface of irradiated specimens, which take the form of clusters and/or precipitates with increase of exposure time. The tensile behavior of irradiated specimens was investigated using universal testing machine and compared with that of unirradiated one. The yield stress, ultimate tensile stress and % elongations remain unchanged after 5 and 10 mins of irradiation. However with an increase of irradiation time up to 20 mins, an increase in yield stress, ultimate tensile stress and decrease in % elongation was observed. With further increase of exposure time to 40 mins, the increase in yield stress and decrease in plasticity became more prominent. The results of stress relaxation tests performed during the tensile deformation have also been presented. The XRD analysis reveals that the microstructural changes controlling the tensile properties in irradiated samples appear to be physical rather than chemical.

scholarly journals PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSIT MATERIALS ON BASIS OF COPPER AND POLYOLEFINS

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Khayala V. Allakhverdieva
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Elastic Module

The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of copper concentration on the physicomechanical properties of composites based on high density polyethylene and low density polyethylene. The properties of metal-filled composites, such as ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, elastic module, melt flow rate, and heat resistance, were studied. Loading of copper into the composition of low density polyethylene contributes to a monotonic increase in the ultimate tensile stress and the elastic module. When copper is loading into the composition of high density polyethylene, on the contrary, a natural decrease in the ultimate tensile stress and elongation at break of the composites is observed. It is shown that when using a compatibilizer, which is polyethylene modified with maleic anhydride, a significant increase in the ultimate tensile stress of high and low density polyethylene composites is observed. A schematic representation of the structure of composites with an interpretation of the probable mechanism of hardening of the material in the presence of a compatibilizer is given. It is shown that the crystallinity of the initial polyethylene has a significant effect on the hardening effect of composites. It is assumed that polyethylene of high density macrochains free of maleic anhydride are involved in the formation of crystalline formations, and small sections of macrosegments containing polar groups are concentrated mainly in amorphous regions and in defects in crystalline structures in the form of passage chains. The concentration of copolymer of polyethylene with maleic anhydride macrosegments in the narrow amorphous space of polyethylene of high density favorably affects the increase in the adhesive forces of interaction on the surface of copper particles, which affects the preservation of the ultimate tensile stress at a relatively high level over a wide range of copper concentrations.

scholarly journals Plasticized films based on chitosan succinyl

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Marina V. Bazunova ◽  
◽  
Roman Yu. Lazdin ◽  
Маria А. Elinson ◽  
Lucia A. Sharafutdinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Breaking Stress ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elongation At Break

The article is devoted to the development of new approaches to the creation of modern wound healing highly elastic films with good hemocompatibility based on a water-soluble chitosan derivative – the succinyl of chitosan. These trips are based on the use of plasticizers. It was established that chitosan succinyl, in contrast to chitosan, is capable of exhibiting insignificant forced-elastic deformation, but still not sufficient to use unmodified films based on it as wound healing coatings. The deformation-strength properties of the films were studied on a universal tensile testing machine. The tensile stress (σ) was determined taking into account the cross-sectional area of the sample taken for testing, and expressed in MPa. The elongation at break (ε) was calculated taking into account the initial length of the film sample taken for testing, and expressed as a percentage. The values of elongation at break and tensile stress were calculated as the arithmetic average of five parallel measurements. The hemocompatibility of chitosan-glycerol succinyl systems was evaluated by determining the osmotic resistance of healthy human erythrocytes using a unified method in the modification of L.I. Idelson. It is shown that the introduction of glycerol as a plasticizer in the process of film formation leads to a significant improvement in their physical and mechanical characteristics. An increase in the glycerol content in the film up to 50 wt% is accompanied by a significant increase in tensile elongation. The value of the breaking stress in this case, naturally decreases. But, since the value of the breaking stress in any case remains at the level of the necessary values, the observed drop in strength indicators is not fundamental. The stabilizing effect of the succinyl of chitosan-glycerin systems on cell membranes under physiological conditions is proved, which suggests their high hemocompatibility.

scholarly journals Effect of 3d Print Layer Orientation on Tensile Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid) Polymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S4) ◽  
pp. 926-929
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Tensile Specimen ◽  
Data File ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Layer Orientation

This work investigated the effect of print layer orientation on tensile properties of poly(lactic)acid (PLA) polymer. The size of PLA filament is used as 1.70mm diameter. The tensile specimen is modelled in solidworks software as per ISO-527 1BA standard dimensions for plastic materials and saved the data file as STL (Stereo Lithographic) format. The STL file is given as input to the 3D printing machine. The specimen is prepared in 45 degree positions, 90 degree positions and upright positions. The printed samples is tested in Instron universal testing machine. The maximum tensile stress is obtained in 45 degree positions based printed samples due to better load transfer along the printed layer of materials and minimum tensile stress is observed in upright samples due to poor load transformation along the materials. The print layer orientation of the materials is viewed in optical microscope analysis.

About the Mechanical Properties for Composites Reinforced with Felt

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ioan Rădoi ◽  
Cosmin Mihai Miriţoiu ◽  
Alexandru Bolcu ◽  
Valeriu Ionică ◽  
Alina Elena Romanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Static Mechanical ◽  
Static Mechanical Properties ◽  
Made In

In this paper we present some researches about the static mechanical properties for some composites made in this way: the reinforcement is made from two types of felt and the matrix is from epoxy resin Resoltech 1050 with its hardener Resoltech 1055. There are built some plates from felt/epoxy resin and from these plates there are cut some samples. The samples are tensile loaded on an universal testing machine Instron 1000 HDX which is assisted by a BlueHill software. There are determined the next mechanical properties: Young modulus, yield strength, elongation at break and breaking strength. By using an optical microscope, there are presented some images with the breaking sections.

scholarly journals A study of the effect of silica particles addition on some physical properties of PVC as a packaging material

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Zahra`a M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Loss Factor ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Volume Resistivity ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Film Casting ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Casting Technique

In this work, varying compositions of SiO2 micro filler were addedwith the Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and samples have been preparedusing film casting technique. The results have been analyzed andcompared for PVC samples with (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt%)SiO2 micro filler. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength,elongation at break and Young`s modulus were measured for all thesamples, where the tensile strength was increased from 8.39 Mpa forpurified PVC to 16 Mpa for 3% SiO2/PVC composite. Also, thermalconductivity measurement values illustrated that composite materialshave a good thermal insulation at 10 wt. %, thermal conductivity wasdecreased from 0.1684 W/m. K for PVC to 0.1310W/m. K at 10%SiO2/PVC composite. Absorptivity test was also carried out for thesesamples, the results of this study proved that PVC and SiO2-PVCcomposites have low diffusion coefficients ranging from (10-13- 10-10m2/s). Similarly, the dielectric properties like dielectric constant, lossfactor, resistance, and volume resistivity were performed; thedielectric constant was increased from 2.1039 for PVC to 3.658 for3% SiO2/PVC composites, while the dielectric loss factor wasdecreased from 0.0144 for PVC to 0.0137 for 5%SiO2/PVCcomposite. The values of resistance were increased from17259.99(Ω) for purified PVC to 29185.75(Ω) for 10% SiO2/PVCcomposites. Volume resistivity was increased from 0.3794 x109 (Ω.cm) for PVC to 0.5179x109 (Ω. cm) for 10% SiO2/PVC composites.FTIR spectroscopy was employed for all PVC-composite samplesand its results were investigated, there are systematic increases inabsorbance intensity spectra with SiO2 ratios attributed to gooddistribution of inorganic fillers (Symmetric increases). Themicrostructure and morphology of the prepared samples wereinvestigated by using optical microscope. It can be observed that, thesamples with (3% SiO2/PVC) are glossy and smooth withoutagglomeration of (SiO2) particles in (PVC) matrix. The resultsdemonstrate that PVC-composite films prepared in this study showpromising potential to achieve good materials for plastic packagingapplications.

scholarly journals Comparisons between some composites reinforced with corn leaves and different matrices

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ioan Rădoi ◽  
Cosmin Mihai Miriţoiu ◽  
Claudiu Nicolicescu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Rectangular Section ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
The Matrix

In this paper we build some composite materials reinforced with corn leaves. In order to build the samples, we have firstly created some strips in this way: we put the corn leaves, continuously, on a sheet of paper where we apply a this layer of resin (we have used epoxy and polyester ones). We have waited for the resin polymerization 48 hours, recommended by the producer. We have put the corn leaves layers in the director of the tensile test (because we will test the samples to tensile). We have made 10 strips and we have glued them together by using the same synthetic resins (epoxy and polyester). In the end we have obtained some composites reinforced with strips from corn leaves and paper sheet, and the matrix is made from epoxy and polyester resins. From the obtained plate, we have cut some samples in order to study their statically mechanical characteristics by tensile test. The samples were tested on an universal testing machine INSTRON 1000 HDX which is assisted by a software called Bluehill. The samples have a rectangular section We have determined: the elongation at break, the breaking strength and the Young modulus. We have also studied the samples breaking area..

scholarly journals PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON COPOLYMERS OF ETHYLENE WITH α-OLEFINS AND CLINOPTILOLITE

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
N.T. Kakhramanov ◽  
◽  
I.V. Bayramova ◽  
V.S. Osipchik ◽  
A.D. Ismayilzade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Ethylene Copolymers ◽  
Elongation At Break

The results of studying the effect of clinoptilolite concentration on the properties of nanocomposites based on of ethylene with butylene and of ethylene with hexene copolymer are presented. The effect of clinoptilolite particle size on ultimate tensile stress, elongation at break, flexural modulus, heat resistance, and melt flow index of composites was studied. It is shown that nanocomposites based on ethylene copolymers are characterized by higher values of physicomechanical properties. The additional use of ingredients such as alizarin and calcium stearate contributes to a significant improvement in the complex of properties of nanocomposites based on ethylene copolymers and clinoptilolite

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