Das Phänomen "Arbeitgeberzusammenschlüsse" als Arbeitnehmerüberlassung

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Petri
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
Sustainable Employment ◽  
Underdeveloped Areas ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Micro enterprises in economically underdeveloped areas face increasing difficulties relating to long-term employment of qualified workers. Unlike medium-sized and large companies, they do not have an internal labour market, which means it is difficult for them to offer secure and sustainable employment with good standards, and still receive the necessary flexibility. Employers’ alliances (Arbeitgeberzusammenschlüsse—AGZ) are a form of organisation that can compensate for these disadvantages. However, the legal uncertainties associated with this form of employment pose an obstacle to its development. In this light, this work addresses the legal issue of whether the German Temporary Employment Act (Arbeitnehmerüberlassungsgesetz—AÜG) can be applied to this form of employer cooperation and where proposals for reform could be adopted in order to make the AÜG a suitable legal framework for this type of employer cooperation.

Fixed-term employment in Norway and Sweden: A pathway to labour market marginalization?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Svalund ◽  
Tomas Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Long Run

We compare the effects of relatively liberal regulations on the use of temporary employment in Sweden and more restrictive rules in Norway. We find not only that temporary work may be a stepping stone out of unemployment but also that fixed-term employees are exposed to significant risks of long-term marginalization. Moreover, fixed-term employees in Sweden face greater risks of long-run unemployment and low earnings compared to those in Norway.

scholarly journals Lift the Ban? Initial Employment Restrictions and Refugee Labour Market Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Fasani ◽  
Tommaso Frattini ◽  
Luigi Minale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Output Loss ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

Abstract This article investigates the medium to long-term effects on refugee labour market outcomes of the temporary employment bans being imposed on asylum seekers in many countries. Using a newly collected dataset on employment restrictions together with individual data for refugees entering European countries between 1985 and 2012, our empirical strategy exploits the geographical and temporal variation in employment bans generated by their staggered introduction and removal coupled with frequent changes at the intensive margin. We find that exposure to a ban at arrival reduces refugee employment probability in post-ban years by 15%, an impact driven primarily by lower labour market participation. These effects are not mechanical, increase non-linearly in ban length and last up to 10 years post arrival. The detrimental effects of employment bans are concentrated among less educated refugees, translate into lower occupational quality, and seem not to be driven by selective migration. Our causal estimates are robust to several identification tests accounting for the potential endogeneity of employment ban policies, including placebo analysis of non-refugee migrants and an instrumental variable strategy. We estimate a EUR 37.6 billion output loss from the bans imposed on asylum seekers who arrived in Europe during the so-called 2015 refugee crisis.

Picking the People up From Poverty

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Mohammad Sowad
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Being a multidimensional phenomenon, it is hard to confine poverty within any definitive parameters and even harder to send the word poverty back to dictionary. Poverty eradication needs both short and long term strategic interventions; policies regarding employment opportunities should also be planned in such way. As an economic strategy, deregulation targets to eliminate the regulating authorities of labour market and decrease the interference of legal aspects within the relationship between companies and individuals to a minimum level with a great decline in the cases of collective bargaining. Labour market deregulation creates ample employment opportunities for poor people especially women. This paper looks for an effective and efficient way to alleviate poverty between Urban Labour Market Deregulation and the development of micro-enterprises with a sketch of possibilities and vulnerabilities of both approaches and a comparative approach to find the best possible way within these two to remove poverty's shadow from humankind.

scholarly journals Long-term Resilient Labour Strategies to Deal with the Economic Crisis in Europe Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Sandra Martínez-Molina ◽  
Paula Sabater Pavía ◽  
Jorge Garcés Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
European Economies

The crisis has had a negative impact on both European economies and labour markets with different effects among countries, raising the importance of analysing the labour market resilience. This paper seeks to identify which strategies and labour adjustments have led European labour markets to both resilient and non-resilient results by using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). The findings show two different configurations explaining 57% of the resilient cases and four configurations explaining 74% of the non-resilient cases. The results of this study revealed three important issues. First of all, the same strategy was found to have different results on labour markets. This fact stressed that the context in which different measures are imposed is a decisive factor in their success. Secondly, resilient strategies underlined the importance of “flexibility”, by increasing temporary employment together with other conditions to escape from the crisis. Finally, the non-resilient results stress the importance of the imbalance between the flexicurity dimensions and the effect of the fall in economic activity on not being resilient in the long-term.

scholarly journals ‘We’re Meant to Be Crossing Over … but the Bridge Is broken’: 2020 University Graduates’ Experiences of the Pandemic in Ireland

Young ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110330882110047
Author(s):  
Virpi Timonen ◽  
Jo Greene ◽  
Ayeshah Émon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Postgraduate Study ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Care Practices

We interviewed university graduates of 2020 in Ireland to understand how the coronavirus pandemic had affected them. Demonstrating a keen awareness of their mental health, participants had adopted self-care practices such as mindfulness. They recounted positive experiences of life in their ‘lockdown homes’ with supportive families. Some were embarking on normative adult pathways sooner than anticipated while others opted for postgraduate study to bide time. Participants reported heightened worry/anxiety and had limited their media use in response. Their plans did not extend beyond the immediate future, reflecting a degree of resignation. The participants accepted the strict constraints associated with pandemic management in Ireland. They did not view themselves as members of a group that was likely to experience the long-term costs of the pandemic but rather were attempting to negotiate their own pathway through labour market uncertainty while also demonstrating high levels of solidarity towards vulnerable groups in society.

Social origins, tracking and occupational attainment in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Barone ◽  
Moris Triventi ◽  
Marta Facchini
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Occupational Attainment ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Occupational Outcomes ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
Academic Track

Students and parents choose among high school tracks based on the assumption that academic tracks will offer a better preparation for university while vocational tracks will make the transition in the labour market easier, if students do not have a tertiary degree. We assess whether this assumption holds also when considering the long-term occupational outcomes of tracks choices in upper secondary education, controlling for both social and ability selection into tracks. We use for this purpose recent data from the 2014 ISFOL PLUS survey and apply linear regression/probability models to investigate labour market outcomes in a stage of occupational maturity. We find that, while there are no significant differences between tracks in the likelihood of being employed, students with an academic diploma fare better than vocational students in terms of social class attainment, even in the absence of a tertiary degree. The advantage of the academic diploma holds both for entering the salariat class and the high salariat class, and for avoiding demotion into manual occupations or unskilled manual occupations. We also show that tracking accounts for a large proportion of the total effects of socio-economic background on occupational attainment, and that coming from socio-economically advantaged families exacerbates the labour market advantages of attending an academic track.<br /><br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>The link between social background, high school track and long-term occupational outcomes is analysed.</li><br /><li>Analyses control for social and ability selection into tracks.</li><br /><li>There are no significant differences between tracks in employment status at occupational maturity in Italy.</li><br /><li>Academic diploma holders have higher chances of entering the upper classes and lower risks of ending into manual occupations.</li></ul>

Towards an EU research framework on forensic psychiatric care: Introduction, structure, activities and results of cost action Is1302

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S584-S584
Author(s):  
L. Castelletti ◽  
F. Scarpa
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Mentally Ill Offenders ◽  
Mentally Disordered Offenders ◽  
Cost Action ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric

IntroductionForensic psychiatric care is aimed at improving mental health and reducing the risk of recidivism of mentally ill offenders. For some mentally disordered offenders long forensic psychiatric care is required. Due to different legal framework, policies and resources in member countries, treatment programs and care provided for these subjects may vary substantially across Europe.ObjectivesCOST Action IS1302, a EU project aimed at establishing a European network of researchers, clinicians and service providers about long-term forensic psychiatric care, has involved nineteen European countries for 2013 to set the basis for comparative evaluation and research on effective treatment and the development of best practice in long-term forensic psychiatry in Europe.MethodIt is constituted by three main areas of interest and research. One group works on determination of patient characteristics, looking into prevalence, duration of stay and the most determinant characteristics of long term patients. The second area of research aims at obtaining better understanding of complex external factors that influence the poor progress of patients residing for an above average time in forensic services. Third group of research focuses on knowledge about specific needs brought about by psychiatric symptoms and how these specific needs might optimize the quality of life of patients in long term forensic psychiatric care.Results/conclusionsLaunched four years ago, the action is at its last of activities. We display features, activities and data emerging from the research conducted so far.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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