Picking the People Up from Poverty: Decent Job Creation Through Urban Labour Market Deregulation vs. Encouraging the Development of Micro-Enterprises

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Mohammad Sowad
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
The People ◽  
Micro Enterprises ◽  
Urban Labour Market

Picking the People up From Poverty

2019 ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh Mohammad Sowad
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Micro Enterprises

Being a multidimensional phenomenon, it is hard to confine poverty within any definitive parameters and even harder to send the word poverty back to dictionary. Poverty eradication needs both short and long term strategic interventions; policies regarding employment opportunities should also be planned in such way. As an economic strategy, deregulation targets to eliminate the regulating authorities of labour market and decrease the interference of legal aspects within the relationship between companies and individuals to a minimum level with a great decline in the cases of collective bargaining. Labour market deregulation creates ample employment opportunities for poor people especially women. This paper looks for an effective and efficient way to alleviate poverty between Urban Labour Market Deregulation and the development of micro-enterprises with a sketch of possibilities and vulnerabilities of both approaches and a comparative approach to find the best possible way within these two to remove poverty's shadow from humankind.

Brokerage and SME Innovation

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cattapan ◽  
Mariacarmela Passarelli ◽  
Michele Petrone
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Product And Process Innovation ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Micro Enterprises

This paper contributes to the literature on innovation brokerage by analysing the effects of brokerage activities on the innovation and growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors provide a detailed description of the Technology Transfer Service (TTS), credited as a European best-practice innovation broker, at Area Science Park in Italy. They then carry out an exploratory econometric analysis, the results of which show that the support provided by the TTS enables research–industry collaboration and has positive effects on product and process innovation in SMEs, but it appears not to affect the generation of new patents in SMEs. The results also suggest that the growth in innovation enabled by the support of TTS has a positive effect on the SMEs' revenue growth and job creation. However the innovation broker is more effective in relation to larger firms than it is for micro-enterprises.

scholarly journals The Role of Entrepreneurship Education on Job Creation among Youths in Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sule Maina
Keyword(s):  
Job Creation ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Capital Income ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The People

The progress of a nation is a function of the level of the resourcefulness of the people which to a great extent, relates to the level of quality of the training and purposeful development of education in that nation. Such progress or development could only occur when an individual in the society is gainfully employed and per capital income is enhanced. This could only be possible when government educational policies are geared towards a functional education that can lead to job creation and also self reliance. Entrepreneurship education is a means through which government could attain such development in the society. Therefore, this paper examines how the role of entrepreneurship education and how it could help in job creation in Nigeria. The challenges of quality entrepreneurship education were also discussed. Finally, the paper advanced some suggestions on how to overcome the challenges so as to reduce unemployment and enhances job creation in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Gerry Rogers (ed) Urban Poverty and the Labour Market: Access to lobs and Incomes in Asian and Latin American aties. Geneva: International labour Office. 1989. Price: 35 Swiss Francs (Softbound Edition).

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Sohail J. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Development Models ◽  
The People ◽  
Growth Centres ◽  
World Development ◽  
Effective Contribution

In the period 1965 to 1985, the per capita consumption in the developing world went up by almost 70 percent. Yet one billion of the people in the developing countries today are living in poverty [World Development Report (1990)]. Despite the growth in incomes and consumption, the problem of poverty is enormous. In most development models a large reserve of low-paid workers (often rural based) is seen as a precondition for industrialization (often urban based), which in turn is seen as synonymous with development. It is the exploitation of these workers to generate the surpluses necessary for growth in the urban growth centres that forms the basis of policy in most developing countries. The very processes that generate this growth also make these workers the most vulnerable to poverty. And if stagnation or recession sets in, the results are disasterous. The book under review makes an effective contribution to focusing attention on the issues of urban poverty and the labour market.

Internationalization, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Poverty Alleviation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1276-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Satsumi López-Morales ◽  
Isabel Ortega-Ridaura
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The People ◽  
Corporate Social

The aim of this chapter is to describe how the MNCs can contribute to alleviate poverty and improve the well-being of the workers and communities, focused in two issues: job creation and CSR practices. For this purpose, the authors analyzed the case of the Mexican MNC FEMSA in Latin America. The results show that FEMSA plays an important role in job creation, with around 250,000 direct jobs in 2015 being created with Mexico and Brazil the most benefitiated with around the 84% of the jobs. In the case of CSR, 40 programs were identified under three main headings: “our people”, “our community” and “our planet”. Most of the programs are focused in “our community” (25) and the major receiver is Mexico with the 31 programs, the results of these programs show some benefits in the level of life and well-being of the people that has used these.

Per Achterbahn zum Sozialen Arbeitsmarkt. Zur Vorgeschichte des „Teilhabechancengesetzes“

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 797-824
Author(s):  
Matthias Knuth
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
New Instrument

Zusammenfassung Mit Beginn des Jahres 2019 wurde in Deutschland ein neues Instrument der arbeitsmarktpolitisch geförderten Beschäftigung für Langzeitarbeitslose eingeführt. Die „Teilhabe am Arbeitsmarkt“ steht in der Tradition eines 2008 eingeleiteten Paradigmenwechsels: Statt die Förderung auf Arbeiten zu beschränken, die „zusätzlich“ und „wettbewerbsneutral“ sind und im „öffentlichen Interesse“ liegen, kann der Lohnkostenzuschuss von jedem Arbeitgeber und für jede Art von Tätigkeiten in Anspruch genommen werden. Dieser Paradigmenwechsel, von dem man sich bessere Chancen des Übergangs in ungeförderte Beschäftigung verspricht, war lange umstritten und wurde von Vielen nicht verstanden. Es ist deshalb erstaunlich, dass er durch die Irrungen und Wirrungen zweier Instrumentenreformen erhalten blieb. Der Beitrag folgt diesem Prozess und zeichnet die Entwicklung der Positionen verschiedener Akteure nach. Abstract: Roller Coasting Towards a “Socially Inclusive Labour Market”. On the Background of Recent Legislation for the “Creation of New Opportunities for Long-Term Unemployed People on the Labour Market in General and on the Socially Inclusive Labour Market” As of 2019, Germany introduced a new instrument of direct job creation for long-term unemployed people. Called “Social participation through labour market participation”, the new instrument preserves the tradition of a paradigm shift initiated in 2008: Instead of restricting direct job creation to activities that are “additional”, “in the public interest” and “neutral in terms of effect on competition”, the wage subsidy can be used by any employer for any kind of activity. This is expected to provide better chances of transition into unsubsidized employment. This paradigm shift has for long remained contested or not properly understood by many. It is therefore astonishing that it survived the trials and tribulations of two rounds of instrument reform. The article tracks this process and delineates how the standpoints of various actors evolved.

scholarly journals Jobs, News and Reoffending after Incarceration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Galbiati ◽  
Aurélie Ouss ◽  
Arnaud Philippe
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Reducing Recidivism ◽  
Former Inmates

Abstract We study how local labour market conditions and information about job availability affect recidivism after incarceration. We exploit daily variations in the quality of the labour market at the time of release from prison. We combine individual-level administrative data on former inmates in France to county-level daily data on new job vacancies, and on newspaper coverage of job creation and destruction. Our analysis provides two new findings. First, media coverage of job creation reduces recidivism, suggesting that policies promoting access to information about employment opportunities can contribute to reducing recidivism. Second, we show that there is heterogeneity in what kinds of jobs affect recidivism: in France, former inmates do not respond to overall job creation, but better opportunities in manufacturing jobs at release reduce recidivism rates.

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