Schiedsvereinbarung und Vollstreckung in arabischen Staaten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tobias Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Civil Procedure ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Western Scholarship ◽  
Arab States

For the outside observer, arbitration in Arab states is an Enigma. Though some issues are discussed in general terms in western scholarship, there is no systematic account taking into consideration the latest seismic shifts. This book analyses Arab language jurisprudence and scholarship in the context of global standards. It focusses on the arbitration agreement and discusses the exequatur with its links to general civil procedure and compulsory enforcement. It shows that though international standards and traditional ideas coexist, that coexistence causes friction and today’s dominant views require revision.

scholarly journals Ethics Committee as A Tool to Improve the Management of Psychological and Pedagogical Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 02030
Author(s):  
Alexey Mikhailovich Dvoinin ◽  
Svetlana Evgenievnа Shukshina ◽  
Andrey Andreevich Sevalnikov ◽  
Irina Sergeevna Bulanova ◽  
Henndy Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Ethics Committee ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
Ethical Violations ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The Status ◽  
Academic Practices ◽  
Pedagogical Research ◽  
The University

The article considers the problem of low quality pedagogical and psychological/pedagogical research in the Russian academic context, closely interconnected with bad academic practices in conducting this kind of research. The authors identified the most common ethical violations, including imitation of scientific research, compiling scientific texts, falsification of results, incorrect borrowing, etc. The paper contains a pre-project analysis of the management model of psychological and pedagogical research common in modern Russian universities and conclusions on its failure in the conditions of transition to the global standards for assessing the quality of education and research. The authors present an approach to the development of a model for managing psychological and pedagogical research at the university level. The proposed model is based on international standards of scientific ethics and principles of evidence-based science, and the committee on the ethics of psychological and pedagogical research is its key element. The paper determines the status, structure, functions of the ethics committee, as well as specific features and possible risks of implementing the proposed alternative model in universities with serious problems in the field of good academic practice.

scholarly journals International Technical Standards: An Overview

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hebner
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

The growing globalization of industry is stimulating a growing emphasis on international standards. Standards are important because they provide significant economic benefit. They are also costly and much of the benefit is broad-based, i.e. it does not accrue preferentially to those who incur the cost. Finally, there is a highly disaggregated international standards system and at least two very different basic philosophies as to how standard systems should operate. The effect of the individual cost-benefit analysis by organizations may produce a hybrid system that produces both global standards in which each country participates in the development as well as less costly technical and consortium standards.

scholarly journals Present status and constitutional remedies of continuing medical education in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 776-781
Author(s):  
Sang Hyun Kim ◽  
Jung Yul Park
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Continuing Medical Education ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Medical Education System ◽  
High Level

The purpose of this study is to identify the historical background and status of continuing medical education (CME) in Korea, and to establish a method for improving CME in the future. Currently, the CME in Korea presents several problems that need to be addressed, such as the appropriateness of the annual required credits, maintenance of simple refresher training, insufficient online education, and evaluation and accreditation of educational institutions. Solutions are offered in the form of increased time for the required credits, introduction of social competency topics and education methods, improvement of online education, evaluation to improve the quality of CME, and introduction of a systematic and appropriate evaluation and accreditation system. CME and continuing professional development (CPD) are not only obligations stipulated in the medical law, but also professional requisites in terms of securing autonomy through self-development and self-regulation. It aims to enlighten the high level of professionalism required by the international community. It is an essential requirement and ultimately promotes and protects the physical, mental, and social health of people worldwide. In order to cope with the international standards of CME/CPD that ensure high quality treatment and patient safety, it is crucial to reform the continuing medical education system by securing the physicians’ professionalism. To this end, authors propose the improvement and implementation of CME system in Korea based on internal review and benchmarks of the internationally recognized CME/CPD systems that meet global standards.

Investor protection: effects of takeover convergence

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Dixit ◽  
Poonam Singh ◽  
Arunima Haldar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Investor Protection ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanism

Purpose Takeovers play a critical role as an external corporate governance mechanism to ensure investor protection. There is a long-standing debate on whether the convergence of corporate governance to global standards can enable emerging economies to ensure investor protection. This paper aims to analyse the evolution of the takeover code, namely, Securities Exchange Board of India’s Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers (2011) in India from the lens of investor protection. It then compares the takeover provisions in India, the USA, the UK, Singapore and Australia to examine the extent of convergence and its implications for investor protection. Design/methodology/approach Using a cross-national comparative analysis of takeover mechanisms in common law countries, the study analyses the extent and relevance of convergence in form. The focus of the comparison is on regulations governing offer size, offer price, creeping acquisition and initial trigger limit for the mandatory open offer. Findings The findings suggest that certain provisions such as the initial trigger threshold for the mandatory offer and the offer prices of the Indian takeover code are converging with the standards in common law countries. However, the offer price determination based on market prices may not reflect true market value in an inefficient market like India. Other provisions such as creeping acquisition and offer size are not only diverging from the international standards but are also inconsistent with the key objective of investor protections of the Indian regulator. Research limitations/implications Indian takeover regulation needs to converge to higher global standards to ensure adherence to improved investor protection. This needs to be done for the initial trigger limit for mandatory bid and offer prices, after accounting for the differences in institutional structure. The Indian regulators need to revisit provisions on the initial trigger, creeping acquisition to converge to the broader principle of investor protection. Originality/value This technical paper provides a comprehensive depiction of takeover mechanisms in an emerging economy context as a means of investor protection. Further using a comparative lens, it analyses the relevance of convergence of takeover laws. Thus, advances the theoretical knowledge of limited extant work on external corporate governance mechanism in an emerging economy context.

Trade Policy and Public Goods

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Gregory P. Loos
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
International Standards ◽  
International Governance ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The Social ◽  
Enforcement Authority ◽  
National Governments

The World Trade Organization (WTO) was formed in 1994 as the first multilateral trade organization with enforcement authority over national governments. A country's domestic standards cannot be more restrictive than international standards for trade. WTO seeks to “harmonize” individual domestic policies into uniform global standards and encompasses trade-related aspects of health, public safety, and environmental protection. These issues are transnational and pose enormous challenges to traditional governance structures. Most governments are not equipped to manage problems that transcend their borders. Moreover, international governance in social issues—with the possible exception of public health—is still in its infancy. Many groups are concerned that local public interests will be subjugated to global corporate interests. The article looks at the social ramifications of world trade policy and concludes that world trade must be balanced with sustainable environments and human health.

scholarly journals Food safety, agro-industries, and China’s international trade: A standard-based approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Augustin-Jean ◽  
Lei Xie
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Cattle Feed ◽  
Market Structures ◽  
Domestic Markets ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Food Standards

Economic sociology views markets as organizations characterized by power relations. In this framework, competition is not only for price or quality, but also for market structures, including norms and standards. Food standards, therefore, are not only public goods or tools to protect domestic markets, but they also aim to redesign the rules of the market and provide a competitive advantage to firms and national industries: they are part of the politicization of science. This article argues that China is participating in this form of competition. Since its WTO membership, it has gradually learnt the rules of globalization and has implemented many global standards to benefit from international trade. In recent years, however, it has assumed a more proactive role in reframing international standards of agro-food markets in general and food safety in particular, despite existing problems in its domestic food markets. Three case studies – milk imports; the diplomatic and trade competition for the implementation of a ractopamine (an additive in pig and cattle feed) standard; and the current negotiations for new international standards for cotton – show how China is using different strategies and methods to redesign the shape of international trade.

scholarly journals Protection against Domestic Violence in Jordanian Law and International Conventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-387
Author(s):  
Laith K. Nasrawin
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The Family ◽  
Governmental Institutions ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Optimal Protection ◽  
Special Protection

Abstract This article addresses the issue of protection against domestic violence in both Jordanian law and international conventions. It does so by defining domestic violence and its various causes and by exploring the relevant global standards and best international practices for combating it. The article also deals with the reality of protection against domestic violence in Jordan by referring to the special protection of the family and to the related follow-up by national and governmental institutions, and the relevant national standards. The Law Regarding Protection from Domestic Violence (Law No. 6/2008) contains protective provisions and other treatments to reduce this phenomenon, but it fails to provide optimal protection against domestic violence. The article proposes a set of recommendations to improve national standards for protection against domestic violence so that Jordan’s laws concerning protection against domestic violence conform to international standards.

Tools and techniques to ensure innovative management education in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Management Education ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Innovative Management ◽  
Education In India ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline tools and techniques to ensure innovative management education in India. Design/methodology/approach – The paper addresses the challenges in the present Indian management education and outlines a blueprint with innovative solutions. Findings – It calls for support from all stakeholders including industry, educators, students, educational institutions, government and thought leaders to innovate Indian management education as per the global standards to create world class managers and leaders. Practical implications – These tools and techniques can be customized in other countries to ensure quality management education. Social implications – The social implications of this research suggests that stakeholders must strive to ensure innovative management education to create effective managers and leaders globally. Originality/value – It overhauls Indian management education as per international standards. It explains management education from the perspective of Henry Mintzberg. It reinvents management education as per the dynamic global business environment.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL TAX ISSUES UNDER THE NIGERIAN TAX LEGISLATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
K.I. ADAM ◽  
R.T. OLORUNGBEBE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
International Taxation ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Major Index ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Global Economic Integration

The drive for global economic integration has necessitated the development and adoption of certain international standards to guarantee increased certainty in business environment across nations and reduce levels of risks in the market. Considering the prominence of tax legislation as a major index or infrastructural component of an enabling environment necessary for optimum investments and business growth, this paper attempts to give an overview of issues relevant to international taxation and examines their level of conformity to global standards.

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