scholarly journals Food and Nutrition Security in East Africa (Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania): Status, Challenges and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N.I. Lokuruka
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
African Community

Achieving food and nutrition security remains a tall order for developing countries. The FAO, IFPRI, WFP, UNICEF and other international bodies continue to provide active support in order to achieve global food and nutrition security. However, low technological capability, inefficient production, insignificant economic growth, increasing populations and lately climate variability, affect food production, leading to either stagnation or modest gains in food and nutrition security in different regions of the World. For African countries, food and nutrition security continues to improve, albeit at a slow pace, although the recent breakout of COVID-19 is bound to lead to a decline in food production, in the short and mid-term. In the East African Community, political stability, ambitious economic planning, the quest for higher agricultural productivity, improving educational achievement, improving sanitation and health, are contributing to the improving food and nutrition security. To hasten the process, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania embraced Vision 2030, Vision 2040 and Vision 2025, respectively. These grand, socio-economic plans bore Vision 2050 in the East African Community and Vision 2063 for the African Union. This chapter examines food and nutrition security in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, and provides country-specific recommendations for achieving it. These include investing in agriculture, decelerating population growth, using adaptive research to solve farmer-problems, strengthening farmer-organizations and the formation of cooperatives.

scholarly journals Food and Nutrition Security in East Africa (Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan): Status, Challenges and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N.I. Lokuruka
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
Vision 2020 ◽  
East African ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Status ◽  
African Community

Despite receiving international technical assistance over many years, achieving food and nutrition security has remained elusive for many developing countries. Low technological capability, inefficient production systems, increasing populations and lately climate variability, affect food production, leading to stagnation or modest gains in food and nutrition security in many nations. For many African countries, food and nutrition security continues to improve, despite the slow pace. In the East African Community, political stability, ambitious economic planning, the quest for higher agricultural productivity, improving educational achievement, sanitation and health, are contributing to improving food and nutrition security. To support the process, Rwanda, established Vision 2020, while Burundi and South Sudan have yet to develop plans for a coherent development blueprint. The blue prints of the Member States bore Vision 2050 for the East African Community and Vision 2063 for the African Union. This chapter examines the status of food and nutrition security in Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan. It gives country-specific recommendations for achieving it-including investment in agriculture and agribusiness, value addition of agricultural commodities, decelerating population growth, using adaptive research to solve farmer-problems, strengthening farmer-organizations and integrating variables that influence food and nutrition security achievement.

scholarly journals An Overview of Food and Nutrition Security Situation of Kenya

10.37512/1000 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 112-129
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
County Governments ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Farmer Organizations ◽  
Big 4 ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Status

Achieving food and nutrition security remains a challenge for Kenya, despite International bodies providing long-term active support in order to achieve it. Low technological capability, inefficient production systems, inconsistent economic growth, increasing population and lately climate variability, affect food production, leading to either stagnation or only modest gains in food and nutrition security in Kenya. Nevertheless, food and nutrition security continues to improve, albeit at a slow pace. The major drivers of the improvements are political stability, ambitious economic planning, the quest for higher agricultural productivity, improving educational achievement, sanitation and health. To accelerate the process, Kenya embraced Vision 2030, devolution of governance and resources to County Governments, and lately, the Big 4 Agenda. This overview examines the status of food and nutrition security in Kenya including the prospects and the challenges faced. The analysis provides specific recommendations for achieving it. These include investment in agriculture, decelerating population growth, using adaptive research to solve farmer-problems, improving the management of farmer-organizations and formation of cooperatives.

ASSESSING AFRICAN REGIONAL INVESTMENT INSTRUMENTS AND INVESTOR–STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-232
Author(s):  
Mmiselo Freedom Qumba
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Domestic Courts ◽  
African Community ◽  
The Common ◽  
Local Courts ◽  
Eastern And Southern Africa ◽  
Investment Agreements

AbstractThis article examines the rejection of the International Investor–State dispute (ISDS) system across the African continent and its replacement with a range of domestic and regional alternatives. It assesses the advantages of the two principal options for African countries: retaining the current ISDS system, or using local courts and regional tribunals. To this end, the dispute resolution mechanisms proposed in the Pan-African Investment Code, the 2016 Southern African Development Community Finance and Investment Protocol, the SADC model BIT, the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Economic Community of West African States and East African Community investment agreements and domestic approaches are critically examined. The argument is then advanced that African countries should not abandon ISDS because replacing it with isolated domestic or regional mechanisms does not reduce any of the risks. In particular, for foreign investors, the risk associated with the adjudication of investment disputes in potentially biased, politically influenced domestic courts may prove too high. African host nations, in turn, risk sending out the wrong message concerning their commitment to the protection of foreign investments. Instead of veering off course, perhaps the time has come for African States to display the political will to remain within the ISDS system and contribute to its reform from within.

scholarly journals Networking and Participatory Research Promoting Quality of Life and Well-Being in Portuguese-Speaking African Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alister Chitetele Soy Pinto ◽  
Ana Pinto de Moura ◽  
Augusto Mário Miquitaio ◽  
Bas’llele Malomalo ◽  
Cristina Amaro da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Academic Network

Spread across the planet each human being, individually or in community, aspires for well-being and quality of life, according to the ideal of each one. However, we all believe that there are always ways to live better. For many people the measurement of a better life translates into the guarantee of social rights, the right to basic services, good land, seed and sufficient nutritious food for their community members. The Mechanism to Facilitate the Participation of Universities in the Food and Nutrition Security Council of the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries is a cooperative academic network fomented by the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) with support from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This mechanism works with teaching, research and extension in the CPLP Food and Nutrition Security Strategy. The pillars of CPLP Strategy are the strengthening of the governance of public policies on Food and Nutrition Security at all levels of government, social protection based on guaranteeing access to food and family farming with a strategy to increase the availability of good quality food, promoting social and environmental sustainability. CPLP University Mechanism has provided training processes for technicians who work in public policies for Food and Nutrition Security and has contributed to the strengthening of postgraduate programs in Portuguese-speaking African countries. As consequence, it has favored participatory research and mixed methods as a theoretical methodological approach. Therefore, it seeks to focus on the territories of Food and Nutrition Security practices to transform reality, as recommended by CPLP Strategy, however, with the autonomous assumptions of the collaborative network. This chapter presents how local researchers perceive the results of a process of inducing an academic network to transform the local reality and promote Food and Nutrition Security in the context of the CPLP.

Gendering Environment and Climate Change in the Economic Community of West African States & the East African Community: Why Representation Matters

2021 ◽  
pp. 003464462110367
Author(s):  
Naaborle Sackeyfio ◽  
Amadu Jacky Kaba
Keyword(s):  
Political Representation ◽  
West African ◽  
Female Leadership ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
African Community

The heightened prospect of a “rising Africa” stems from multiple developments across the continent. Technological innovation, economic empowerment, increasing female leadership, and more continue to raise the fortunes of African countries. As regional economic communities engage with Agenda 2063, an ambitious endeavor to support and sustain economic development, a gendering environment is pivotal to any ensuing progress. Using the case studies of two regional organizations, our research examines the pace of political representation of women in relevant environmental committees in the Economic Community of West African States and the East African Community. In an epoch where women constitute half of the continent, the case for female representation to combat ecological challenges propelled by the securitization of environmental issues is paramount.

scholarly journals Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for the Future

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2738
Author(s):  
Prasanna Venkatesh Sampath ◽  
Gaddam Sai Jagadeesh ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Bahinipati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Paddy Cultivation ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic is adversely impacting food and nutrition security and requires urgent attention from policymakers. Sustainable intensification of agriculture is one strategy that attempts to increase food production without adversely impacting the environment, by shifting from water-intensive crops to other climate-resistant and nutritious crops. This paper focuses on the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh by studying the impact of shifting 20% of the area under paddy and cotton cultivation to other crops like millets and pulses. Using FAO’s CROPWAT model, along with monsoon forecasts and detailed agricultural data, we simulate the crop water requirements across the study area. We simulate a business-as-usual base case and compare it to multiple crop diversification strategies using various parameters—food, calories, protein production, as well as groundwater and energy consumption. Results from this study indicate that reduced paddy cultivation decreases groundwater and energy consumption by around 9–10%, and a calorie deficit between 4 and 8%—making up this calorie deficit requires a 20–30% improvement in the yields of millets and pulses. We also propose policy interventions to incentivize the cultivation of nutritious and climate-resistant crops as a sustainable strategy towards strengthening food and nutrition security while lowering the environmental footprint of food production.

scholarly journals Regionalism and Regional Politics of African States (on the Example of the Countries of the East African Community)

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
V.R. Filippov
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Regional Politics ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
African Community ◽  
High Level

The subject of the study was the East African Commonwealth, an economic association that currently unites Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Southern Sudan. Particular attention is paid to the integration processes in Africa in the post-colonial period, the doctrine of federalism in the political discourse of African countries, the causes of the crisis and the dissolution of the EAC in the seventies of the last century, as well as the economic and political reasons for reintegration of YOU. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the EAC from an economic alliance to a political one and the prospect of forming a federative state on the basis of the SAC. The author identifies the factors that led to the economic consolidation of the EAC, as well as those determinants of development of the commonwealth, which make it extremely difficult to form a unified federal state in East Africa. It is concluded that the further regionalization of the African continent and the realization of the federal project in East Africa will be hindered by such factors as the high level of conflict in the EAC member countries, tribalism, cultural, confessional and linguistic heterogeneity, and the ambition of leaders and political elites.

scholarly journals Role of Agriculture in ensuring Food Security

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Malati Kaini
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Food And Nutrition

The 2007-2008 food crises and the renewed surge in food prices in 2010-2011 have exposed deep structural problems in the global food system and the need to increase food production. The World Food Summit of 1996 defined food security as existing "when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life". Despite Nepal has no worse food and nutrition security situation among SAARC countries, there are some districts where food is always in shortage. The explicit constitutional recognition of the right to food and other related provisions in articles 36 and 42 of the new constitution will be instrumental for implementing food security programs in the country. Food security for poor people is based on sustainable food production. Many proven technologies and improved practices have the promise to boost agricultural production and ensure food security in developing countries like Nepal. Food and Nutrition security program (FANUSEP) is one of the flagship programs of Agriculture Development Strategy 2015-2035 (ADS), which is in the first phase of its implementation. It aims at improving the food and nutrition security of the most disadvantaged groups of the population.

scholarly journals The dynamics of agri-food trade between the EU28 and East African Community (EAC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Ivo Zdráhal ◽  
Nahanga Verter ◽  
Věra Bečvářová
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The European Union ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
East African Community ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
African Community ◽  
Partnership Agreement

AbstractThe increasing number of regional blocs and interdependence of nations have become important aspects of global economic integration. The European Union (EU28) as one of the most advanced regional bodies has had preferential trade agreements with other regional bodies, such as the East African Community (EAC). Historically, the EU28 has been the EAC’s leading trading partner. Against this background, this paper analyses the dynamics of bilateral trade in agri-food between the two regional blocs for the period 2000–2018, using the battery of empirical tools.The findings indicate that even though the EU has finalised trade agreements with the EAC, it holds on the region regarding trade has diminished. The EAC bloc has diversified its trading partners (to other African countries, India and China) beyond the EU28 markets. The results further reveal that the EU28 has comparative advantages in 32 out of 46 agri-food products in trading with EAC. The export concentration ratios show the EU28 slightly concentrated more in exporting products to the EAC than EAC to the Union. The BCG findings reveal (un)competitive and/or promising (dropping) products in export structures of both regions. By and large, the results indicate certain shifts in the comparative advantage, specialisation/diversification of exports and competitiveness of specific products on the bilateral level between EU28 and EAC. Policymakers, especially from EAC should continue to create enabling environments to stimulate food processing, trade and monitor changes in trade patterns or shocks within the framework of the Partnership Agreement.

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