Physiological Functions Mediated by Yuzu (Citrus junos) Seed-Derived Nutrients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Minamisawa
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Active Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Citrus Junos ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
New Treatment

This section is focused on the physiological functions of yuzu (Citrus junos) to improve health. The modern lifestyle involves number of modern lifestyles involve various factors that may increase the production of active oxygen species. Nutritional supplements and medicines are commonly utilized to maintain health. Yuzu seeds contain >100-fold the limonoid content of grapefruit seeds and are rich in polyamines (PAs), including putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Limonoid components mediate the antioxidant properties of citrus. Limonoids and PAs convey various bioactivities. PAs are closely associated with maintaining the function of the intestinal mucosal barrier, which might be involved in the metabolic processes of indigenous intestinal bacteria and in the health of the host. After ingestion, food is digested and absorbed in the intestinal tract, which is also responsible for immune responses against food antigens and intestinal bacteria. Detailed investigations of the physiological functions of extracted yuzu seed extracts may help to develop new treatment strategies against diseases associated with inflammatory responses.

scholarly journals Biological modeling of mucus to modulate mucus barriers

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (4) ◽  
pp. G225-G227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Desseyn ◽  
Valérie Gouyer ◽  
Frédéric Gottrand
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Biological Modeling ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
New Treatment

A recent study using a transgenic mouse, whose intestinal mucus contains a molecule made of 12 copies of a domain found in many gelling mucins, demonstrates that it is possible to strengthen mucus properties in situ, leading to promising new treatment strategies in diseases in which the mucosal barrier is impaired.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Carvacrol and Magnolol, in Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6899
Author(s):  
Georgiana Cicalău ◽  
Petru Babes ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Gabriela Ciavoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis

Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus are two pathologies that are extremely widespread worldwide and share the feature of chronic inflammation. Carvacrol is a phenolic monoterpenoid, produced by a variety of herbs, the most well-known of which is Origanum vulgare. Magnolol is a traditional polyphenolic compound isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis, mainly used in Chinese medicine. The purpose of this paper is to review the therapeutic properties of these bioactive compounds, in the treatment of periodontitis and diabetes. Based on our search strategy we conducted a literature search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify studies. A total of one hundred eighty-four papers were included in the current review. The results show that carvacrol and magnolol have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-osteoclastic, and anti-diabetic properties that benefit both pathologies. Knowledge of the multiple activities of carvacrol and magnolol can assist with the development of new treatment strategies, and the design of clinical animal and human trials will maximize the potential benefits of these extracts in subjects suffering from periodontitis or diabetes.

scholarly journals Role of NF-κB in immune and inflammatory responses in the gut

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F NEURATH ◽  
C BECKER ◽  
K BARBULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Proteasome Inhibitors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Intestinal Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

NF-κB is a pleiotropic transcription factor with key functions in the intestinal immune system. NF-κB family members control transcriptional activity of various promoters of proinflammatory cytokines, cell surface receptors, transcription factors, and adhesion molecules that are involved in intestinal inflammation. The perpetuated activation of NF-κB in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease suggests that regulation of NF-κB activity is a very attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Such strategies include antioxidants, proteasome inhibitors, inhibition of NF-κB by adenoviral IκBα expression vectors, and antisense DNA targeting of NF-κB. These approaches will hopefully permit the design of new treatment strategies for chronic intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals Dendritic Cells and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: An Updated Systematic Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Kuo-Tung Tang ◽  
Hsin-Hua Chen ◽  
Tzu-Ting Chen ◽  
Nicole R. Bracci ◽  
Chi-Chien Lin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Vascular Thrombosis ◽  
Obstetrical Complications ◽  
Glycoprotein I ◽  
New Treatment

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoreactive B and T cells against β2-glycoprotein I (B2GPI), with vascular thrombosis or obstetrical complications. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in the generation of autoimmunity. Here, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review on the relationship between DC and APS. We performed a literature search of PubMed as of 26 March 2021. A total of 33 articles were extracted. DCs are pivotal in inducing inflammatory responses and orchestrating adaptive immunity. DCs contribute to the local inflammation regarding vascular thrombosis or obstetrical complications. Both B2GPI and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) can promote antigen presentation by DCs and the generation or maintenance of autoimmunity. In addition, plasmacytoid DC activation is enhanced by aPL, thereby augmenting the inflammatory response. In line with these findings, DC modulation appears promising as a future treatment for APS. In conclusion, our review indicated the crucial role of DCs in the pathogenesis of APS. Deeper understanding of the complex relationship would help in developing new treatment strategies.

Humoral Immunity in Heart Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Sarkar ◽  
Khadija Rafiq
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune System ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Immunity Function

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve disorders of heart and blood vessels, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, which finally lead to Heart Failure (HF). There are several treatments available all over the world, but still, CVD and heart failure became the number one problem causing death every year worldwide. Both experimental and clinical studies have shown a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of heart failure. This seems related to an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cardiac inflammation is a major pathophysiological mechanism operating in the failing heart, regardless of HF aetiology. Disturbances of the cellular and humoral immune system are frequently observed in heart failure. This review describes how B-cells play a specific role in the heart failure states. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets and develop advanced therapeutic strategies to combat the syndrome of HF. Understanding and describing the elements of the humoral immunity function are essential and may suggest potential new treatment strategies.

Food antigens exacerbate intestinal damage and inflammation following the disruption of the mucosal barrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 107670
Author(s):  
Yanmei Ma ◽  
Zhihua Yin ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Bingni Chen ◽  
Hanying Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Food Antigens

scholarly journals Gastric Microenvironment—A Partnership between Innate Immunity and Gastric Microbiota Tricks Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Cristina Oana Mărginean ◽  
Lorena Elena Meliț ◽  
Maria Oana Săsăran
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mucosal Barrier ◽  
Pathogen Recognition ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Major Factors

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) carcinogenicity depends on three major factors: bacterial virulence constituents, environmental factors and host’s genetic susceptibility. The relationship between microenvironmental factors and H. pylori virulence factors are incontestable. H. pylori infection has a major impact on both gastric and colonic microbiota. The presence of non-H. pylori bacteria within the gastric ecosystem is particularly important since they might persistently act as an antigenic stimulus or establish a partnership with H. pylori in order to augment the subsequent inflammatory responses. The gastric ecosystem, i.e., microbiota composition in children with H. pylori infection is dominated by Streptoccocus, Neisseria, Rothia and Staphylococcus. The impairment of this ecosystem enhances growth and invasion of different pathogenic bacteria, further impairing the balance between the immune system and mucosal barrier. Moreover, altered microbiota due to H. pylori infection is involved in increasing the gastric T regulatory cells response in children. Since gastric homeostasis is defined by the partnership between commensal bacteria and host’s immune system, this review is focused on how pathogen recognition through toll-like receptors (TLRs—an essential class of pathogen recognition receptors—PRRs) on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells impact the immune response in the setting of H. pylori infection. Further studies are required for delineate precise role of bacterial community features and of immune system components.

scholarly journals Emerging Natural-Product-Based Treatments for the Management of Osteoarthritis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Maria-Luisa Pérez-Lozano ◽  
Annabelle Cesaro ◽  
Marija Mazor ◽  
Eric Esteve ◽  
Sabine Berteina-Raboin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Clinical Models ◽  
Osteoarthritic Joint ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Review Current

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex degenerative disease in which joint homeostasis is disrupted, leading to synovial inflammation, cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and resulting in pain and joint disability. Yet, the development of new treatment strategies to restore the equilibrium of the osteoarthritic joint remains a challenge. Numerous studies have revealed that dietary components and/or natural products have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bone-resorption, and anabolic potential and have received much attention toward the development of new therapeutic strategies for OA treatment. In the present review, we provide an overview of current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management by drawing attention to experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical models. Herein, we review current and emerging natural-product-based research treatments for OA management.

scholarly journals The Optimal First-Line Therapy ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Year 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Hung Kuo ◽  
Fu-Chen Kuo ◽  
Huang-Ming Hu ◽  
Chung-Jung Liu ◽  
Sophie S. W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Metronidazole Resistance ◽  
Rescue Treatment ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
H Pylori

This paper reviews the literature about first-line therapies forH. pyloriinfection in recent years. First-line therapies are facing a challenge because of increasing treatment failure due to elevated antibiotics resistance. Several new treatment strategies that recently emerged to overcome antibiotic resistance have been surveyed. Alternative first-line therapies include bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, sequential therapy, concomitant therapy, and hybrid therapy. Levofloxacin-based therapy shows impressive efficacy but might be employed as rescue treatment due to rapidly raising resistance. Rifabutin-based therapy is also regarded as a rescue therapy. Several factors including antibiotics resistance, patient compliance, and CYP 2C19 genotypes could influence the outcome. Clinicians should use antibiotics according to local reports. It is recommended that triple therapy should not be used in areas with high clarithromycin resistance or dual clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance.

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