scholarly journals Fossil Fuel Fires: A Forgotten Factor of Air Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Barren Rock ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Coal Fires ◽  
Ftir Spectrometer

Spontaneous fossil fuel fires, especially coal fires, are known worldwide. They occur in numerous sites, both completely natural (coal seam outcrops) and anthropogenic (burning mining waste heaps, or BMWHs). Coal and waste/barren rock fires produce gaseous emanations, acting within exhalative processes. This factor is rarely being considered as influencing quality of the atmospheric air. The paper shortly discusses most important available methods for field gas analysis, with an emphasis on a portable FTIR spectrometer. It summarizes results of gas analyses from Polish BMWHs, using a multi-tool approach. It also lists a number of additional analyses from 53 vents of these environmentally important objects, with the main purpose of enlarging the knowledge of the span of concentrations of the particular compounds. This is especially true for formaldehyde, pyridine, CO, 1,1,1-trichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethene, cumene, SO2, and, to a lesser extent, NO2, CCl4, ethane, propane, ethene, and thiophene. The latter, and DMS, are confirmed as gaseous S source more frequent and rich than SO2.

Evaluation of Emission of Pollutants in the Atmosphere Produced by Heating Enterprises of Nalchik Town

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 1047-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lezhinka T. Sozaeva
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
The Given

In the given article the pollutants emission evaluation results in the atmosphere from heating enterprises of Nalchik are presented. Evaluations were realized in accordance with criteria of atmospheric air quality of the populated areas that require preventing the increase of maximum permissible concentrations for each pollutant emitted by heating houses (nitrogen dioxide, oxide of nitrogen and carbon oxide) on considering points. The results of dispersion of emissions showed that there was no increase in maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants on the populated area nearest to each heating house. However, the amount of emissions is significant and is about 742 tons per year. In connection with it, it is necessary to introduce new technological decisions, efficient pollution control facilities directed on reduction of emissions on the environment and human health.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF ASSESSMENT AND FORECAST OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY AS A GOAL OF ECOLOGIZATION THE CONSTRUCTION SITE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Manzhilevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Model System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Air Quality Assessment ◽  
Consistent Assessment

The article analyzes the system for assessing and forecasting air quality at a construction site. Models of the air quality assessment system are considered. Dust control measures are proposed with respect to improving the health of construction site workers and a method for calculating and controlling the emissions of pollutants at a construction site. To implement the assessment of atmospheric air quality at the construction site, the model "system for assessing and forecasting the quality of atmospheric air", which allows a consistent assessment and forecast of atmospheric air quality, is presented.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ZINC AND LEAD MINING ON AIR QUALITY AT AGALAGU ALIKE IN IKWO LGA OF EBONYI STATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Nene Anyahara ◽  
Ulunma Nwosu ◽  
Chibueze Awuchi ◽  
Ugochi Obinna
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
A Value ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Impact

Atmospheric air consist of mixtures of gases composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen with small proportion of carbon, noble gases and water vapor essential for the sustenance of life on earth. Anthropogenic activities in diverse ways may threaten the quality of atmospheric air and impairs its quality on life. The introduction of any chemical, physical, or biological agent into the atmosphere, in quantities large enough to produce harmful effect to man and its surrounding environment calls for concern. Therefore, an assessment is needed on air quality and on this basis; air quality test was carried out at the mining site at Agalagu Alike in Ikwo Local Government Area of Ebonyi State, and the results collated indicated lesser air pollution across the mine site, except NO2 and SO2. Although the level of NO2 concentration in the study location can be attributed to the activities of mining going on in that area. It was also observed from the results collated that the particulate matter at the study location and immediate environment was very low, which could result from the season of the year (wet season) which the analysis was carried out. Other pollutants like NH3, H2S VOC, and CO were not detected within the coordinates studied in the location. The level of O2 within the location was found to be the same across all the sampling points, with a value of 20.9.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Atmospheric Air Quality Within the Main Вus Stations Kharkiv

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The City ◽  
Air Concentrations

Purpose. The aim of the paper is determine of atmospheric air quality withim the main Bus Stations in Kharkiv. Methods. The following methods were used: filed, laboratory and statistical ones. Results. The results of the researches was found that the content of dust, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in the atmospheric air of the city of Kharkiv around Bus stations №1 " Avtovokzal", № 3 " Kinnyj Rynok", № 6 "Zavodska", and Kholodna Gora Terminal higher than MACs. The highest concentrations of pollutants were identified around Bus stations Nr 6 “Zavodska” and Kholodna Gora Terminal. It have shown a tendency to increase in atmospheric air concentrations of gasoline, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide. The temporal tendency to increase in atmospheric air concentrations of gasoline, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide was revealed. Conclusions. The detected excess of the MPC of harmful substances in the atmospheric air of the city of Kharkiv in the districts of the bus stations indicates a difficult situation with the quality of atmospheric air in the cities of intensive traffic, especially in the respiration zone of children. Recommendations aimed at improvement of air quality was proposed.

scholarly journals The Quality of Urban Air in Barcelona: A New Approach Applying Compositional Data Analysis Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Gibergans-Baguena ◽  
Carme Hervada-Sala ◽  
Eusebi Jarauta-Bragulat
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Air Quality Index ◽  
Compositional Data Analysis ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Large Cities

The main goal of this paper is to go some steps further to improve the understanding and manageability of air quality. Quality of atmospheric air in large cities is a matter of great importance because of its impact on the environment and on the health of the population. Recently, measures restricting access of private vehicles to the centre of large cities and other measures to prevent atmospheric air pollution are currently topical. The knowledge of air quality acquires special relevance to be able to evaluate the impact of those great social and economic measures. There are many indices to express air quality. In fact, quite every country has its own, depending on the main pollutants. In general, all indices ignore the compositional nature of the concentrations of air pollutants and do not apply methods of Compositional Data Analysis and have some other weak points such as leak of standardized scale. Therefore, the methodology used is founded on Compositional Data Analysis. The air quality index has an adequate correlation between input (concentrations) and output (air quality index), it distinguishes between air pollution and air quality and it has a 0-100 reference scale which makes easier interpretation and management of air quality expression. To illustrate the proposed method, an application is made to a series of air pollution data (Barcelona, 2001-2015). The results show the effectiveness of the 2008 European directive on ambient air quality.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Atmospheric Air Monitoring Systems Data

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Environmental Monitoring System ◽  
The City

Purpose. To analyze the international experience in determining the state of atmospheric air, to conduct a comparative analysis of integrated indicators of atmospheric air quality on the example of the city of Mariupol. Methods. Processing and analysis of atmospheric air monitoring data were performed by calculation, statistical and graphical methods. Results. The study of the air quality of the city of Mariupol is carried out at 2 posts of the Automated Environmental Monitoring System in the Donetsk region and 13 automatic monitoring posts (AMP) at the borders of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) of the city enterprises. As a result of data analysis, the average percentage of pollutants, sub-indices and air quality indices according to the standards of Ukraine, EEA, EPA in 2020 were calculated. The obtained results differ in quantitative values, but on the scale of air quality are similar. Using the data of the Automated Environmental Monitoring System of Donetsk region, the average monthly concentrations of pollutants were calculated according to the data of regional posts and automatic monitoring posts on the border of sanitary protection zones. To assess the quality of atmospheric air, a data set was used: suspended particles, ozone, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide, which are used to calculate global air quality indicators. There is a tendency to increase the change in the concentration of formaldehyde in the atmosphere of the city during 2017 - 2020. Conclusions. The average percentage of pollutants, sub-indices and indices of air quality in Mariupol according to the standards of Ukraine, EEA, EPA are calculated. The obtained results differ in quantitative values, but on the scale of air quality are similar.

scholarly journals Research into natural factors of the Trans‐Baikal region   influencing air quality of a city located in an intra‐continental  intermountain basin: the example of the Tugnui basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
A. P. Shcherbatyuk
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Priority List ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Intermountain Basin ◽  
The City

Aim. The study of the degree of influence of natural factors in the Trans‐Baikal region on the quality of the air of the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky, which lies in an  intermountain basin.   Material and Methods. The geomorphology and climate of the intermountain basins of the Trans‐Baikal regions, as well as their separation by orographic features,  were studied. Missing points were identified which need for further scientific research regarding the influence of natural factors of the Trans‐Baikal region on the  quality of the air.   Results. Geographical and natural factors in the formation of the qualitative composition of the atmosphere of cities located in intracontinental intermountain basins are presented. Studies were conducted from 2005 to 2015 at three observation  posts (hereinafter – OP) in the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky (Н1 = 800 m; Н2 = 860  m; Н3 = 895 m). The dynamics of the average values of pollutant content in the air  of  the  city  of  Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky  for  the  period  2005‐2015  were  considered  (based on field observations from three OPs), as well as the dynamics of the atmospheric pollution index of benzo(a)pyrene in the air in Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky for the  period 2005‐2015. Geoecological threats were assessed together with the geographical mechanisms responsible for them and the dynamics of atmospheric air  pollution of a characteristic situation (the Tugnui basin and atmospheric air of the  city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky) were studied. The regular occurrence of extremely  dangerous concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere of cities located in intermountain basins is presented.   Conclusion. The author’s research into the influence of natural factors (using the  example of the Tugnui basin) on the air quality of a city on the National Priority List  (e.g. the city of Petrovsk‐Zabaykalsky) showed that extremely dangerous concentrations of pollutants, especially substances of the first hazard class, namely benzo(a)pyrene, are created because of geographical factors.  

scholarly journals Integrated assessment of atmospheric air pollution by the example of the city of Uzhhorod (Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3(60)) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Svitlana Delehan-Kokaiko ◽  
Emilia Glyudzyk ◽  
Olesya Symkanuch
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The object of research is the processes of transformation of the ecological equilibrity of the structural and functional state of atmospheric air by the example of the city of Uzhhorod (Ukraine), as the border area, and the impact on the health of the population. One of the most problematic issues is the imperfection of methods for assessing the quality of air and its impact on the health of the population. During the study, data from the Transcarpathian Regional Center of Hydrometeorology were used, the materials of statistical reporting of enterprises, the urban sanitary and epidemiological station, etc. Data is obtained relating to the influence of automobile transport in Uzhhorod, Transcarpathian region, on the quality of atmospheric air, as well as the negative consequences of the impact of excessive concentrations of pollutants in the air on the health of inhabitants of urbanized territories. The authors analyze the data on the concentrations of certain air quality parameters in 2019 and 2020. The ways to improve the ecological situation in Uzhhorod have been suggested, and the necessity of developing public control of air quality to preserve the health of Uzhhorod residents has been substantiated. Due to the introduction of the proposed ways to improve the environmental situation in Uzhhorod, an increase in the living conditions of the population of border areas, in particular, Uzhhorod, improving the quality of atmospheric air of the investigated territories will be achieved. It is indicated to develop proposals for improving the methods of quality control of atmospheric air of border areas that will correspond to the standards of the European Union. This study is global due to the shapes of modern anthropogenic pressure, spontaneity, impulsivity and comprehensive validity of numerous factors implemented against the background of climate change. And it is requires new approaches in the scientific principles of organization of nature management, which will be based on an ecosystem approach in identifying and establishing biosafety of existing and latest pollutants

Methodical and organizational aspects in designing sanitary protection zones for a group of enterprises or industrial centers as a toll for complex atmospheric air quality assessment

2019 ◽  
pp. 940-944
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Zagorodnov ◽  
I. V. May
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Outer Border ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Environmental Measures

Introduction. Sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the organization of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises located in the industrial hub. However, the justification procedure, establishing and monitoring boundaries of a single sanitary zones not fully resolved. This determines the practice of organization by economic entities of individual zones separating production from residential development. This situation complicates the adequate assessment of real pollution, as well as the reasonable development of programs (plans) of environmental measures. Identification of the sources that create poor air quality and public health risks is becoming extremely problematic.The aim of the study is to develop and test recommendations for the organization and methodological support of the design of a single sanitary protection zone of a group of enterprises in the current urban development.Materials and methods. The object of the study is an industrial hub formed by 5 industrial enterprises and located on the territory of a large urban settlement with a population of more than 450 thousand people. The city administration carried out a number of organizational measures that ensured the simultaneous inventory of emissions of enterprises and the design of the general sanitary zone of the industrial complex. The design work was carried out in full accordance with the current regulatory framework.Results. The verified unified database of 102 sources of chemical emissions and 113 sources of noise provided the possibility of summary calculations and obtaining the most correct results for surface concentrations in the zone of influence of the industrial hub. The program of quality control of atmospheric air defining the contribution of each economic subject to carrying out researches is formed. This made it possible to ensure the control of all priority contaminants at the outer border of the sanitary zone and reduce the costs of each separate economic entity. Zones of responsibility of each enterprise within borders of a uniform sanitary zone for tasks of maintenance of the standard maintenance of the territory are allocated.Conclusions. The obtained results confirmed the feasibility of designing unified sanitary protection zones for economic entities located in the industrial hub.

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