scholarly journals Role of Vitamin E in Boosting the Immunity from Neonates to Elderly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariyappan Kowsalya ◽  
Mohan Prasanna Rajeshkumar ◽  
Thangavel Velmurugan ◽  
Kattakgounder Govindaraj Sudha ◽  
Saheb Ali
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Oxidative Resistance

The vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin which occurs as a tocopherol component abundant in humans. The vitamin E supplements in humans and animals have provided numerous health benefits. The vitamin E is rich in antioxidants which slow the aging process and reduce the free radical damage. Vitamin E isoforms play an important role in respiratory health. It is also important in health and well-being of preterm neonates. Vitamin E deficiency in new born includes hemolytic anemia, disease of retina, bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Further, in vitro studies, vitamin E has increased the oxidative resistance and prevents the atherosclerotic plaque. The consumption of vitamin E rich foods reduces coronary heart diseases. This chapter focuses on the treatment of vitamin E deficiency in preterm babies and the role of vitamin E in preventing coronary heart diseases.

scholarly journals Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases—The Role of Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5828
Author(s):  
Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Tenascin C ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mice

Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.

3.P.15 Vitamin E and coronary heart diseases

1997 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
M. Feki ◽  
M. Souissi ◽  
E. Mokhtar ◽  
D. Khiari ◽  
H. Hsairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

scholarly journals Cell necrosis and apoptosis are differentially regulated during goitre development and iodine-induced involution

2002 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Mutaku ◽  
JF Poma ◽  
MC Many ◽  
JF Denef ◽  
MF van Den Hove
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Repeated Injection ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Necrosis and apoptosis coexist in the thyroid during goitre development and involution, but little is known about their respective causes. To test the possible role of free radicals, we analysed separately necrosis and apoptosis in male Wistar rats with depressed or normal antioxidant protection. Vitamin E-deficient and -sufficient rats were made goitrous with perchlorate in drinking water; involution was induced by repeated injection of NaI, without or with methimazole. Increase of thyroid malondialdehyde concentration and decrease of glutathione peroxidase activity confirmed the depressed antioxidant protection in vitamin E-deficient rats. Plasma thyroxine and TSH levels were not modified. Necrosis (swollen cells) and apoptosis (pyknotic cells) were quantified on histological sections. In vitamin E-sufficient rats, dead cells were very rare in control thyroids, increased 3-fold in goitre and still further during involution. Necrotic epithelial cells predominated in the goitre and their number declined after iodide supplementation, without or with methimazole. In contrast, the number of apoptotic cells and the caspase-3 activity were increased in goitre and further increased after involution, with two-thirds of pyknotic cells being observed in the interstitium. Apoptosis was prevented by methimazole. Vitamin E deficiency significantly increased total cell death and epithelial cell necrosis and induced the occurrence of much cell debris in the follicular lumen during involution, with no modification of the apoptotic reaction. These results show that the type of cell death is differentially regulated during goitre development and involution: necrosis is related to the oxidative status of the cells, while apoptosis comes with iodine-induced involution.

Mécanisme moléculaire de l'effet protecteur de la vitamine E dans l'athérosclérose

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelouahed Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Prooxidant Effect

Oxidation of low-density lipoproteins constitutes the first step of a very complex process leading to atherosclerosis. Vitamin E, and principally alpha-tocopherol, is considered as the principal inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Some studies showed the beneficial role of vitamin E in the prevention and reduction of atherosclerosis and its associated pathologies. However, other in vitro studies advance a prooxidant role of vitamin E. The results of the epidemiologic studies are difficult to generalize without taking account of the clinical randomized tests. In this work, we reviewed the principal studies devoted to the role of vitamin E and discussed the assumption of a prooxidant effect of this molecule.Key words: vitamin E, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), lipid peroxidation, cardio-vascular diseases.

scholarly journals Eosinophils improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Chongzhe Yang ◽  
Tianxiao Liu ◽  
Zhiyong Deng ◽  
Wenqian Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Acute Increase ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

AbstractClinical studies reveal changes in blood eosinophil counts and eosinophil cationic proteins that may serve as risk factors for human coronary heart diseases. Here we report an increase of blood or heart eosinophil counts in humans and mice after myocardial infarction (MI), mostly in the infarct region. Genetic or inducible depletion of eosinophils exacerbates cardiac dysfunction, cell death, and fibrosis post-MI, with concurrent acute increase of heart and chronic increase of splenic neutrophils and monocytes. Mechanistic studies reveal roles of eosinophil IL4 and cationic protein mEar1 in blocking H2O2- and hypoxia-induced mouse and human cardiomyocyte death, TGF-β-induced cardiac fibroblast Smad2/3 activation, and TNF-α-induced neutrophil adhesion on the heart endothelial cell monolayer. In vitro-cultured eosinophils from WT mice or recombinant mEar1 protein, but not eosinophils from IL4-deficient mice, effectively correct exacerbated cardiac dysfunctions in eosinophil-deficient ∆dblGATA mice. This study establishes a cardioprotective role of eosinophils in post-MI hearts.

Familial vitamin E deficiency: Multiorgan complications support the adverse role of oxidative stress

Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 63-64 ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Trotta ◽  
Stefano Bortolotti ◽  
Gabriella Fugazzotto ◽  
Cinzia Gellera ◽  
Sara Montagnese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency

scholarly journals A negatív érzelmek és a szív- és érrendszeri betegségek összefüggései

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (48) ◽  
pp. 2005-2010
Author(s):  
Piroska Balog
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases ◽  
Vital Exhaustion ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
European Guidelines

Abstract: With regard to cardiovascular health, the role of negative emotions, particularly that of depression, anxiety, vital exhaustion and hostility has been studied the most widely. Mainly the somatic symptoms of depression and, out of anxiety disorders, generalised anxiety and panic disorder have been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Based on an analysis of interviews of patients having suffered myocardial infarction, it was found that vital exhaustion (a combination of loss of energy, increased irritability, and general demoralization) is a precursor of infarction. Vital exhaustion has proven to contribute to the development of coronary heart diseases, being one of the most important risk factors in both sexes. With regard to hostility, studies show that anger suppression and destructive anger expression (blaming others) are closely linked to a higher incidence of coronary heart diseases. Evidence shows that the relationship between negative emotions and cardiovascular diseases is one of a two-way causality, that is, the presence of a cardiovascular disease may also enhance negative emotions, low heart rate variability playing a crucial role in both diseases. This study also presents interview questions suggested by the European Guidelines (2016) to estimate negative emotions related to coronary heart diseases. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(48): 2005–2010.

scholarly journals GC-FID and NMR Spectroscopic Studies on Gamma Irradiated Walnut Lipids

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilia J. Sinanoglou ◽  
Irini F. Strati ◽  
Katerina Kokkotou ◽  
Dimitra Lantzouraki ◽  
Constantinos Makris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Coronary Heart Diseases

Walnuts have an excellent fatty acid profile, beneficial for coronary heart diseases. A diet rich in walnuts has shown to decrease the total and LDL cholesterol levels as well as lipoprotein levels. In this study, the effects of different doses ofγ-irradiation and different packaging conditions on proximate composition and fatty acid profile of walnuts (Juglans regiaL.) were investigated merging data from different spectroscopic techniques. Walnuts moisture, ash, fat, and protein content as well as fatty acid profile were evaluated immediately after irradiation. GC-FID results showed that SFA increased and MUFA and PUFA decreased with the increase of irradiation dose. Moreover, MUFA/SFA and PUFA/SFA ratios decreasedP<0.05compared to control samples. Furthermore, NMR spectroscopy was implemented to examine possible discrimination patterns based on irradiation dose and packaging. This approach revealed the role of PUFA decrease with the parallel increase of irradiation dose while indicating the protective role of vacuum and MAP compared to air packaging. In conclusion, at irradiation doses of up to 5 kGy, the walnuts retained the nutritional benefits of its fatty acids, in particular MUFA and PUFA. Concerning the different types of packaging, greater stability in the nuts was observed using MAP packaging.

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