scholarly journals Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBLs) from Clinical Specimen in Khuzestan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Besharati Zadeh ◽  
Pegah Shakib ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari ◽  
Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: A major problem in the treatment of the infectious diseases healthcare centers is extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. Objectives: The aim of present study was to identify the antibiotic sensitivity pattern and prevalence of the blaCTX, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Methods: In this study, E. coli and K. pneumoniae specimens were collected in Shushtar hospitals, Khuzestan (southwest Iran), from March to October 2015. Sensitivity antibiotic pattern performed by disc diffusion method. Double disc synergy test (DDST) done for identifying ESBLs isolates and PCR for blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. Results: One hundred E. coli and 30 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different specimens. The highest rates of antibiotic resistance related to cefotaxime and aztreonam in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. ESBL-harboring K. pneumoniae and E. coli were 13.5 and 28%, respectively. Overall, bla TEM was the most prevalent ESBL gene. Conclusions: In this study, the rate of antibiotic resistance was high, and due to the carrying of coding genes on mobile genetic elements and the ability of these elements to carry genes that create resistance to other antibiotic families, identification and isolation of these isolates are essential to find effective antibiotics and eliminate the infection.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Hospital Samples

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Alipourfard ◽  
Nilufar Yeasmin Nili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended spectrum beta-lactmase (ESBL) producing organisms create a major problem for clinical therapeutics. The frequency of ESBL producing strains among clinical isolates has been steadily increasing over the past few years resulting in limitation of the therapeutic options. These resistant bacteria are emerging world wide as a threat to human health in both the community and hospital settings. -lactamase production by several organisms is the most important mechanism of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. This study was done to determine the susceptibility of different antimicrobials to ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wound swabs, blood, urine, fluid, tracheal aspirates and sputum in Shahid Bahonar Hospital of Tehran from July, 2007 to June, 2008. A total of 115 ESBLproducing isolates were obtained from outdoor and indoor patients. Out of 115 isolates, 60% were E. coli and 40% were K. pneumoniae. All ESBL-producing isolates were confirmed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)-approved double-disk diffusion method. 29.6% of these isolates were collected from medical wards and 24.3% were collected from outdoor. Urine (70.4%) was the main source of ESBL-producing isolates from all patients, followed by blood (16.5%). All isolates were susceptible to both imipenem and meropenem. Of all isolates, 93.9% were susceptible to amikacin. The cephalosporins (1-4 generations) were almost 100% resistant. For Nitrofurantoin, 57.4% were sensitive. High rate resistance (74.8%) was observed to all quinolones tested. Aztreonam, Ampicillin, Co-amoxyclav and Ampicillin/Sulbactam were 100% resistant. This study shows that the frequency of ESBL producing strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae is high in both hospital and community levels and it has a significant implication for patients’ management. Advance drug resistance surveillance and molecular characteristics of ESBL isolates is necessary to guide the appropriate and judicious antibiotic use. Key words: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), Drug sensitivity, Escherichia coli, Klebseilla pneumoniae DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v4i1.8467 BJMM 2011; 4(1): 32-36  

scholarly journals Evaluation of extended spectrum beta lactamase enzymes prevalence in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ronak Bakhtiari ◽  
Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi ◽  
Hedroosha Molla Agamirzaei ◽  
Ailar Sabbaghi ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Resistance to b-lactam antibiotics by gramnegative bacteria, especially <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em>, is a major public health issue worldwide. The predominant resistance mechanism in gram negative bacteria particularly <em>E. coli </em>is via the production of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) enzymes. In recent years, the prevalence of b-lactamase producing organisms is increased and identification of these isolates by using disk diffusion method and no-one else is not satisfactory. So, this investigation focused on evaluating the prevalence of ESBL enzymes by disk diffusion method and confirmatory test (Combined Disk). Five hundred clinical samples were collected and 200 <em>E. coli </em>isolates were detected by standard biochemical tests. To performing initial screening of ESBLs was used from Disk diffusion method on <em>E. coli </em>isolates. A confirmation test (Combined Disk method) was performed on isolates of resistant to cephalosporin's indicators. Up to 70% isolates exhibited the Multi Drug Resistance phenotype. In Disk diffusion method, 128(64%) <em>E. coli </em>isolates which resistant to ceftazidime and cefotaxime while in Combined Disk, among 128 screened isolates, 115 (89.8%) isolates were detected as ESBLs producers. This survey indicate beta lactamase enzymes are playing a significant role in antibiotic resistance and correct detection of them in phenotypic test by using disk diffusion and combined Disk is essential for accurate recognition of ESBLs.

scholarly journals Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Community- and Hospital-Associated Intra-Abdominal Infections in Europe: Results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3043-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Hawser ◽  
Samuel K. Bouchillon ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
Robert E. Badal ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Abdominal Infections

ABSTRACT From 2002 to 2008, there was a significant increase in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli isolates in European intra-abdominal infections, from 4.3% in 2002 to 11.8% in 2008 (P < 0.001), but not for ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (16.4% to 17.9% [P > 0.05]). Hospital-associated isolates were more common than community-associated isolates, at 14.0% versus 6.5%, respectively, for E. coli (P < 0.001) and 20.9% versus 5.3%, respectively, for K. pneumoniae (P < 0.01). Carbapenems were consistently the most active drugs tested.

scholarly journals Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae , a therapeutic challenge.

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Raina Chaudhary ◽  
Sabita Bhatt Bhatt ◽  
Eva Piya
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Esbl Producer ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common Gram negative bacteria encountered byclinicians worldwide as a cause of infections in human. Most of the infections are acquired in hospital settingtherefore, it is reported to be the amongst the 10 most common nosocomial pathogen in various studies. Nowadays,Klebsiella pneumoniae infections are complicated by increase in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)producing isolates. Therefore, this study is being conducted with the objective to fi nd out the prevalence ofESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniaein various clinical samples and to fi nd out there sensitivity pattern.Methods: A total of 100 Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from various samples during the period of April2013 to November 2013 in Microbiology Unit of Shree Birendra Hospital. All the isolates were identifi ed withtheir sensitivity pattern according to standard methodology. Combination disc diffusion method was followedfor identifi cation of ESBL.Results: Out of total 100 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae21% were ESBL producer.ESBL producer isolatesshowed 100% sensitivity to Imepenem followed by Amikacin 57.1% and Chloramphenicol 47.6%. All theESBL isolates were resistant to both Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime.Conclusions: ESBL producer Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were multidrug resistant. Continuous surveillanceand timely intervention with discouraging the use of cephalosporin group of antibiotics is mandatory.doi:  http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v13i1.12996 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species from Urinary Specimens of Children attending Friendship International Children’s Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ujjwal Rimal ◽  
Shovana Thapa ◽  
Roshani Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Esbl Producers

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae is a serious threat to the patients. These organisms are major extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Extended spectrum β- lactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp isolates from the urine sample of children visiting International Friendship Children Hospital. During the seven months, between June 2016 to December 2016, 1018 mid-stream urine samples(MSU) were collected from patients suspected of having UTI. The samples were investigated by conventional semi-quantitative culture technique and identification of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. was done by microscopy and biochemical test. Antibiotic susceptibility test of isolates was performed by modified Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion test. ESBL screening test was done by using 3rd generation Cephalosporin and confirmation done by combination disc diffusion method. Out of total 1018 MSU samples investigated, 200(19.64%) isolates of E. coli and 28(2.7%) isolates of Klebsiella spp. making a total of 228(22.39%) were found to cause significant bacteriuria. 76(33.33%) isolates, from those causing significant bacteriuria, were Multi-drug resistant organisms. Out of 228 isolates, 54(23.68%) were ESBL producers, that includes 51(25.5%) Escherichia coli and 3(12.5%) Klebsiella pneumoniae. ESBL producers were more common in in-patient (36.17%) than out-patient (20.44%). Most of the ESBL producers were resistance to amoxicillin, followed by Cotrimoxazole and Ciprofloxacin respectively. They were highly sensitive to Imipenem, Tigecycline, Amikacin, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and Nitrofurantoin. High prevalence of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was found among children. Regular and routine monitoring of ESBL producing isolates is essential.Nepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec. 2017 Vol. 5, No. 1: 32-38

scholarly journals Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in chickens from small-scale (backyard) poultry farms in Maiduguri, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliya Dauda Kwoji ◽  
Jasini Athanda Musa ◽  
Nubwa Daniel ◽  
Dauda Luka Mohzo ◽  
Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Commercial Poultry

Aim: This study investigated the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in chickens from small-scale (backyard) commercial poultry farms in Maiduguri. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 cloacal swab samples were collected. This comprised of 24 samples each from broiler chicks, pullets, layers, and broilers (adults). The samples were examined for the presence of E. coli using conventional microbiological culture and biochemical tests. The pure E. coli isolates were screened for ESBL production by culturing onto BrillianceTM ESBL agar. Isolates that showed positive reactions with production of bluish or pinkish colonies were tested for susceptibilities against some selected β-lactam antibiotics which include cefotaxime (30 μg), ceftriaxone (30 μg), cefpodoxime (10 μg), aztreonam (30 μg), and ceftazidime (30 μg). Isolates that exhibited resistance to any two or three of the antibiotics were selected and confirmed by combination disk diffusion method with ceftazidime (30 μg) and cefotaxime (30 μg) alone and in combination with clavulanic acid (30 μg/10 μg). Results: The total occurrence of E. coli was 67.6% (65/96) with the highest occurrence of 83.3% (20/24) from broiler chicks and least detection of 54.2% (13/24) from layers. Of this, 32.0% were ESBL-producing E. coli with the highest detection rate from layers (38.5%) and least occurrence from pullets (26.7%). Conclusion: This study revealed the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in chickens from small-scale commercial poultry farms in Maiduguri, thus indicating that chickens may serve as important reservoirs for the transmission of antimicrobial resistant pathogens to humans through the food chain.

scholarly journals Prevalence and patient related factors associated with Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae carriage and infection among pediatric patients in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuru Letara ◽  
James Samwel Ngocho ◽  
Nahid Karami ◽  
Sia E. Msuya ◽  
Balthazar Nyombi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Very High

AbstractExtended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) is increasing worldwide, though less documented in low-income settings. Here we determined the prevalence of EPE infection and carriage, and patient factors associated with EPE-carriage among pediatric patients in three health care levels in Tanzania. Between January and April 2016, 350 febrile children (median age 21 months) seeking care at a university or a regional referral hospital, or a health centre in Moshi municipality, Tanzania, were included. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected using a questionnaire. Rectal swabs and blood cultures were collected from all children (n = 350) and urinary samples from 259 children at admission. ESBL-phenotype and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined for Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates. Only one EPE case (E. coli) in blood and four in urine (one E. coli and three K. pneumoniae) were found, whereas (n = 90, 26%) of the children were colonized in feces (ESBL-E. coli; n = 76, ESBL-K. pneumoniae, n = 14). High resistance rates were seen in fecal ESBL-E. coli (n = 76) against trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 69, 91%), gentamicin (n = 51, 67%), ciprofloxacin (n = 39, 51%) and chloramphenicol (n = 27, 35%) whereas most isolates were sensitive to amikacin (n = 71, 93%). Similar rates were seen for fecal ESBL-K. pneumoniae. Resistance to first line antibiotics were also very high in fecal E. coli not producing ESBL. No sociodemographic factor was associated with EPE-carriage. Children colonized with EPE were younger than 12 months (n = 43, 48%) and often treated with antibiotics (n = 40, 44%) in the previous two months. After adjustment for age children admitted to the intensive care unit had higher odds of EPE fecal carriage compared with those in the general wards (OR = 3.9, 95%CI = 1.4–10.4). Despite comparatively high rates of fecal EPE-carriage and previous antibiotic treatment, clinical EPE cases were rare in the febrile children. The very high resistant rates for the EPE and the non-ESBL producing E. coli to commonly used antibiotics are worrying and demand implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs in all levels of health care in Tanzania.

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