scholarly journals Experiences of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Jahrom, Southern Iran: A Phenomenological Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Safarzadeh Jahromy ◽  
Mojtaba Hemayatkhah ◽  
Sedigheh Rezaei Dehnavi ◽  
Vahid Rahmanian
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
The Future ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV/AIDS has remained a public health issue, especially in developing countries. The contributing factors to HIV/AIDS include poor access to medical care, fear, shame because of stigmatization, and lack of social support resulting in the isolation of people who share their status. Objectives: Taking a phenomenological descriptive approach, this qualitative study investigated the experiences of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Jahrom, Southern Iran. Materials and Methods: The data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews (face to face) with 21 (10 males and 11 females) participants who were referred to the Jahrom Counseling Center for Behavioral Diseases. They were selected by the purposive sampling technique according to theoretical saturation. Results: Analysis of the interview data and notes resulted in the four key themes: (I) emotional and psychological disturbances with three sub-themes: fear, depression, and feeling victimized; (II) stigma with three subthemes, including fear of being exposed, false judgment, and discrimination; (III) supportive environment with two sub-themes of family and social support; (IV) patients’ perspective of the future with three sub-themes, including hopelessness for the future, the future importance of children and hope for the future, and find a cure. Conclusions: Developing educational programs for the public can greatly increase public awareness of HIV, change attitudes and beliefs about HIV, and modify the behavior of others in dealing with PLHIV. This change of attitude creates social support and facilitates the acceptance of the infection for PLHIV.

Social Support and Quality of Life Among People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Ghana

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110300
Author(s):  
Charles MS. Birore ◽  
Liyun Wu ◽  
Tina Abrefa-Gyan ◽  
Marilyn W. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Utilization of antiretroviral therapies (ART) prolongs life and heightens ability to engage in productive activities among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study implemented a 6-week long Social Care Intervention (SCI) Program in Ghana and identified protective factors associated with Quality of Life (QoL) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). We discovered that SCI model in the form of social support associated positively with differences in the QoL among PLWHA. Logistic regression revealed that social support, especially affectionate support, was positively associated with a higher level of QoL. People who were older and healthier tended to have higher levels of QoL compared with their counterparts who were younger and sicker. These findings suggest that building social support system can serve as an empowerment approach to promote quality of life among PLWHA in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where resources are limited.

scholarly journals Improving Adherence to Anti-retroviral Therapy among Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Enugu State, South East Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
C. P. Igweagu ◽  
O. H. Chime ◽  
C. N. Onwasigwe
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 32 million lives so far. There were approximately 37.9 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) at the end of 2018. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality and improved quality of life among people with HIV infection. Aims: The study was conducted to improve the knowledge and adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among PLHIV in Enugu state, southeast Nigeria. Study Design: Interventional study. Place and Duration of Study: Anti-retroviral Therapy clinics within Enugu metropolis in Enugu state Nigeria between June to December 2018. Methodology: A health education intervention was carried out among 312 PLHIV receiving ART in Enugu metropolis to improve their perception and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 312 PLHIV (156 each in the study and control groups), who were selected by multistage sampling. Subsequently, health education was conducted among the study group. Three months after this intervention its effects were assessed through a survey using the same structured questionnaires employed in the baseline survey.  Results: The most frequently occurring reason given by the respondents for poor adherence to ART was forgetfulness (65.4% for study and 69.9% for control groups). Knowledge of the factors and consequences of poor adherence to treatment was significantly higher among the study group than the controls post-interventions p<0.001. Adherence to ART improved from 42.3% pre-intervention to 81.4% post-intervention. Conclusion: Intensive health education effectively improved adherence to ART among persons living with HIV/AIDS and this should be carried out regularly.

scholarly journals CARE FOR THE PERSON WHO LIVES WITH HIV/AIDS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Daiane Colaço ◽  
Betina Hörner Schlindwein Meirelles ◽  
Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss Heidemann ◽  
Mariana Vieira Villarinho
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the process of caring for the person with HIV/AIDS in the Primary Health Care of a capital in southern Brazil. Method: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, carried out in the Health Centers of this city, from March to August 2015. Sixteen nurses participated through semi-structured interviews, which were organized and codified with the help of the software QSR Nvivo®, version 10. Afterwards, the data were analyzed through comparative analysis. Results: results were described in two categories: “The inter-subjective encounter given the vulnerability to HIV/AIDS”, and, “Accepting needs and formulating actions given the reality”. Potentialities and weaknesses were evidenced through these categories, such as: reception, long-term care, active search, home visits, and, in return, lacking a formal flow of care for people living with HIV/ AIDS, lack of HIV/AIDS line of care and medical/centered care. Conclusion: the need to implement HIV/AIDS management in primary care was verified, as well as to overcome the fragilities in this care with the aid of implementing a formal care flow, establishing managerial processes and permanent education for the professionals. Then, expanding and qualifying care in HIV/AIDS, with important contributions of the nurse in the perspective of integral care in the process of living with HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Psychosocial factors associated with adherence to treatment and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prisla Ücker Calvetti ◽  
Grazielly Rita Marques Giovelli ◽  
Gabriel José Chittó Gauer ◽  
João Feliz Duarte de Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objective: The objective of this article was to investigate the biopsychosocial factors that influence adherence to treatment and the quality of life of individuals who have been successfully following the HIV/AIDS treatment. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study carried out with 120 HIV positive participants in the south of Brazil. Among the variables studied, of note are: perceived stress, social support, symptoms of anxiety and depression and quality of life. Results: The results show that a moderate to high adherence to the treatment paired with a strong sense of social support indicate a higher quality of life. Conclusion: The combination of social support and antiretroviral treatment have an impact on physical conditions, improving immune response and quality of life.

scholarly journals Health Utility Measurement with Index Scores for People Living with HIV/AIDS Under Combined Antiretroviral Therapy: A Comparison of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Wang ◽  
Hongbing Luo ◽  
Enlong Yao ◽  
Renhai Tang ◽  
Wenbing Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Health Utility ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract BackgroundThe EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D are two widely used generic index score measures. We compared the discriminative validity, agreement and sensitivity of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D utility scores in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV).MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey among PLWHIV aged more than 18 years old in 9 municipalities in Yunnan Province, China. A convenience sample was enrolled. We administered the SF-12 and EQ-5D-5L to measure health-related quality of life (QALY). The utility index of the SF-6D was derived from the SF-12. The covariate data included demographic components, clinical components and social-psychology components. To evaluate the homogeneity of the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), scatter plots and Bland-Altman plots were computed and drawn. To evaluate the capacity to discriminate between different categories of clinical components, social support and anxiety and depression status, mean and median scores were calculated and compared using one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test, respectively. The effect size was defined as the difference of each of the characteristics and was computed using Z/N. We also used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to compare the discriminative properties and sensitivity of the econometric index.ResultsA total of 1,797 respondents, with a mean age of 45.6±11.7 years (range 18 to 80), was interviewed. The distribution of EQ-5D-5L scores skewed towards full health with a skewness of -3.316. The distribution of SF-6D scores was almost centered around its mean, and the skewness was 0.084. The effect size was smaller for the EQ-5D-5L than for the SF-6D across the social support, anxiety and depression subgroups. The overall correlation between EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D index scores was 0.46 (P<0.001). An ICC of 0.59 between the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D meant a moderate correlation and indicated general agreement. The Bland-Altman plot displayed the same results as the scatter plot. The ROC curve showed that the AUC for the SF-6D was 0.776 (95% CI: 0.757, 0.796) and that for the EQ-5D-5L was 0.732 (95% CI: 0.712, 0.752) by the PCS-12, and it was 0.782 (95% CI: 0.763, 0.802) for the SF-6D and 0.690 (95% CI: 0.669, 0.711) for the EQ-5D-5L by the MCS-12.DiscussionOur study demonstrated evidence of the performance of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D index scores to measure health utility in people living with HIV/AIDS. Both have shown discriminative capacity and validity in measuring health status. However, there were significant differences in their performance. Users need to pay more attention to the characteristics of the target population. HIV/AIDS has transformed from being a terminal illness to being a chronic disease. We preferred to apply the SF-6D to measure the health utility of PLWHIV during the cART period.Conclusion our study has demonstrated evidence for instrument choice and preference measurements in PLWHIV under cART. The differences between the measures could generate different health utilities for the same sample population, which is critical for cost-utility analyses that guide resource allocation and decision making.

scholarly journals The health literacy needs of women living with HIV/AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Thompson ◽  
Yolanda Havenga ◽  
Susan Naude
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Women in Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the virus and constitute 60% of the total HIV/AIDS infections in this region. Current recommendations endorse the involvement of people living with HIV in the development of programmes for people living with the virus. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health literacy needs of women living with HIV. The research design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. After women living with HIV/AIDS were sampled purposively, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women and qualitative content analysis done. The findings revealed that the women expressed a need to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge they needed ranged from basic pathophysiology about HIV/AIDS, to the impact of HIV/AIDS on their health, to an awareness of the modes of HIV transmission and methods of protecting others from being infected. Other important health literacy needs related to self-care and correct antiretroviral use. A need for psychosocial skills was also identified in order for women to build and maintain their relationships. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, education and further research, based on these findings.

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