scholarly journals Life-threatening SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children: A Single-center Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei ◽  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
Shahnaz Armin ◽  
Seyed Alireza Fahimzad ◽  
Roxana Mansour Ghanaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group Population ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known as the most recent pandemic condition declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is widely believed that this infection is less frequent and severe in children, but few mortality reports are available in this age group population. Case Presentation: We described nine pediatric patients with probable or confirmed COVID-19 who died due to disease complications. Their age ranged between seven months and 14 years. All had underlying diseases, and three of them had been hospitalized before the COVID-19 diagnosis due to their previous medical conditions. Cough and respiratory symptoms were the most common symptoms observed in these patients. Bilateral ground-glass opacities were common radiologic findings. Conclusions: Although COVID-19 is less common in the pediatric group, all ages are vulnerable to this infection, and mortality may occur, especially in patients with underlying diseases. We emphasize that children with underlying diseases and COVID-19 should be hospitalized and monitored tightly during treatment.

scholarly journals An alternative approach for continuous monitoring of heart and breath sounds in pediatric patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar ◽  
Summaiya Ali ◽  
Fauzia Anis Khan ◽  
Muhammad Suleman
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Federation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Anesthetic management in neonates, infants and young children is always a challenge.  Both esophageal and precordial stethoscopes are used for continuous monitoring of heart and breath sounds in this age group. Recent (2018) publication of Standards for Safe Practice of Anesthesia by World Health Organization-World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists (WHO-WFSA) have also recommended monitoring with a precordial or esophageal stethoscope. Citation: Kumar D, Ali S, Khan FA, Suleman M. An alternative approach for continuous monitoring of heart and breath sounds in pediatric patients. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4):__   Received: 30 December 2019; Reviewed & Accepted: 31 December 2019

scholarly journals Geriatric Anemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjit Kaur Rana ◽  
Amrit Pal Singh Rana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
The Us ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Anemia is growing in importance as a public health issue and a biomedical research priority in the geriatric age group but data on the causes and prevalence is not substantial. World health organization (WHO) has defined anemia as hemoglobin concentration (Hb %) below 12 g/dL in women and below 13 g/dL in men. Although it was previously believed that decline in Hb levels might be a normal consequence of aging, later suggested that anemia does reflect underlying poor health and makes elders vulnerable to adverse outcomes. Geriatric anemia has been found to be prevalent in up to 21.1% of patients in Europe and 11.0% of men and 10.2% of women of 65 years and older in the US. There is little literature that explores the various causes of anemia and its association with socio-demographic profile with underlying diseases, hence lesser research has led anemia to go undiagnosed and untreated.

scholarly journals Case report: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 presented as multi-system inflammatory syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Saeed ◽  
anahita sanaei ◽  
shabnam Hajiani Ghotbabadi ◽  
Eslam shorafa
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Myocardial Involvement ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Background COVID-19 in pediatric patients is typically associated with minimal manifestations and is less severe than adult patients. Recently, there are reports of children with COVID 19 and myocardial involvement from Europe and America that first were assumed to be Kawasaki disease or its atypical presentation. However world health organization has set a new designation for this state; “multi-system involvement syndrome” in children with COVID-19; (MIS-C). Case presentation: Here we report two COVID-19 pediatric patients (two girls aged 10 and 13 years old) with MIS-C. Conclusion Presence of Kawasaki like signs in COVID 19 patients should be an alarming point to consider multi-system inflammatory syndrome; a syndrome with extensive organ involvement and yet indistinct exact pathophysiology.

Pregnancy and Childbirth During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rahmani ◽  
Sonia Norkhomami ◽  
Behzad Shahi ◽  
Mahjoubeh Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Series ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: In March 2020, the World Health Organization introduced the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as a global health concern and predicted that without any changes in the transmission process, the disease would reach its peak in April. Hence, it was not unreasonable to expect the referral of pregnant women in all trimesters. Since respiratory illnesses can increase the risk of infectious diseases and maternal mortality, it is justifiable to consider COVID-19-positive cases as high-risk pregnancies. Case presentation: The present study introduced six pregnant women with COVID-19 and discussed the points to consider in managing these patients. Conclusions: Pregnant women are at increased risk in all epidemics of infectious diseases due to their physiological and immunological changes. Moreover, the safety of the fetus is another important issue to consider.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Leprosy in Childhood: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-492
Author(s):  
Rusmawardiana ◽  
Fifa Argentina ◽  
Indri Widya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Children are the group most susceptible to Mycobacterium leprae infection. The proportion of new leprosy cases in children is indicator of successful leprosy elimination program from World Health Organization (WHO), so this study would like to know the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy at Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methods: Retrospective study of all new cases of leprosy in children (0-17 years) who came to Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang from January 2017 to December 2020. Results: There were 10 pediatric patients (7.58%) from 132 new leprosy cases. Most cases (40%) were in the 15-17 age group. There are more male than female. Most types of leprosy are BL (60%) followed by TT (20%). Manifestations of hyperpigmented skin patches and nervous disorders, grade 1 disability, and type 2 leprosy reactions are mostly found in type BL leprosy. The duration of illness 6-12 months has a grade 1 disability (30%). The history of positive contact came from same household in 3 cases (30%) with 7 people (70%) domiciled in Palembang. All cases received Multidrug Therapy (MDT) treatment according to WHO guidelines. Conclusion: Found 10 new cases of leprosy in children in Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic Dr. Moh. Hoesin Palembang for four years, especially in the 15-17 age group, with the most cases being type BL leprosy. Household contact still plays an important role in leprosy transmission.

scholarly journals Are Blood Transfusions Useful for Non-Specific Symptoms of Anemia in the Elderly?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Sakeena Raza ◽  
Jeanne Wei ◽  
Syed Ashad Abid ◽  
Gohar Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Over 10% of adults older than 65 years have World Health Organization defined anemia (Hemoglobin lower than13 g/dl in men and 12 g/dl in women). It is more prevalent with increasing age, exceeding 20% in the very elderly (85 years and older). Typical symptoms of anemia are nonspecific and often attributed to aging or to an exacerbation of another illness in the elderly. Methods: We present a case series of patients between ages 65-99 years who were followed at the Senior Health clinic and presented with nonspecific symptoms. All these patients were found to have life-threatening anemia requiring blood transfusions. Design: Case series. Results: All our elderly patients experienced good outcomes in terms of resolution of their symptoms and improvement in functional status. There was a significant difference in the total number of symptoms pre-transfusion compared with symptoms post-transfusion (p < 0.01). There were no adverse outcomes. Conclusion: Our case series suggests that symptoms of anemia in the elderly are often attributed to aging or other disease co-morbidities. Nonspecific symptoms like dyspnea, fatigue and confusion should not be ignored. Management decisions regarding anemia should involve functional assessment of the elderly subject. Immediate arrangements for transfusion must be made if the elderly patient is symptomatic regardless of the hemoglobin level. If monitored appropriately, blood transfusions can prolong survival, improve quality of life and functional status of the older individual.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Leprosy in Childhood: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-516
Author(s):  
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana ◽  
Fifa Argentina ◽  
Indri Widya Sari
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Household Contact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization

A B S T R A C TBackground: Children are the group most susceptible to Mycobacterium lepraeinfection. The proportion of new leprosy cases in children is indicator of successfulleprosy elimination program from World Health Organization (WHO), so this studywould like to know the epidemiology of pediatric leprosy at Dermatology andVenereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methods:Retrospective study of all new cases of leprosy in children (0-17 years) who cameto Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembangfrom January 2017 to December 2020. Results: There were 10 pediatric patients(7.58%) from 132 new leprosy cases. Most cases (40%) were in the 15-17 agegroup. There are more male than female. Most types of leprosy are BL (60%)followed by TT (20%). Manifestations of hyperpigmented skin patches and nervousdisorders, grade 1 disability, and type 2 leprosy reactions are mostly found in typeBL leprosy. The duration of illness 6-12 months has a grade 1 disability (30%).The history of positive contact came from same household in 3 cases (30%) with7 people (70%) domiciled in Palembang. All cases received Multidrug Therapy(MDT) treatment according to WHO guidelines. Conclusion: Found 10 new casesof leprosy in children in Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic Dr. Moh. HoesinPalembang for four years, especially in the 15-17 age group, with the most casesbeing type BL leprosy. Household contact still plays an important role in leprosytransmission.

scholarly journals Post-COVID-19 Massive Hemoptysis and Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Soleimani ◽  
Saeedeh Yaghoubi ◽  
Elham Shafighi Shahri
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
World Health ◽  
Massive Hemoptysis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: COVID-19 is a new respiratory infection caused by the coronavirus, which the World Health Organization (WHO) declared as a global epidemic in 2019. All the information obtained about this virus was different in children than in adults. Case Presentation: The case investigated in this study was a 10-year-old boy with hemoptysis and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in his post-COVID-19 recovery phase. Conclusions: COVID-19 can have a variety of presentations and complications beyond the classic respiratory symptoms and fever. This case is important and shows how COVID-19 can be life-threatening.

scholarly journals Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Adults: A Retrospective Case Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110264
Author(s):  
Taylor Warmoth ◽  
Malvika Ramesh ◽  
Kenneth Iwuji ◽  
John S. Pixley
Keyword(s):  
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ◽  
Macrophage Activation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Activation Syndrome

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a form of hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis that occurs in patients with a variety of inflammatory rheumatologic conditions. Traditionally, it is noted in pediatric patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematous. It is a rapidly progressive and life-threatening syndrome of excess immune activation with an estimated mortality rate of 40% in children. It has become clear recently that MAS occurs in adult patients with underlying rheumatic inflammatory diseases. In this article, we describe 6 adult patients with likely underlying MAS. This case series will outline factors related to diagnosis, pathophysiology, and review present therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Bleeding risks are higher in children versus adults given prophylactic platelet transfusions for treatment-induced hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra D. Josephson ◽  
Suzanne Granger ◽  
Susan F. Assmann ◽  
Marta-Inés Castillejo ◽  
Ronald G. Strauss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bleeding Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Category ◽  
Dose Trial ◽  
Health Organization

Age-group analyses were conducted of patients in the prophylactic platelet dose trial (PLADO), which evaluated the relation between platelet dose per transfusion and bleeding. Hospitalized patients with treatment-induced hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 platelet doses: 1.1 × 1011, 2.2 × 1011, or 4.4 × 1011 platelets/m2 per transfusion, given for morning counts of ≤ 10 000 platelets/μL. Daily hemostatic assessments were performed. The primary end point (percentage of patients who developed grade 2 or higher World Health Organization bleeding) was evaluated in 198 children (0-18 years) and 1044 adults. Although platelet dose did not predict bleeding for any age group, children overall had a significantly higher risk of grade 2 or higher bleeding than adults (86%, 88%, 77% vs 67% of patients aged 0-5 years, 6-12 years, 13-18 years, vs adults, respectively) and more days with grade 2 or higher bleeding (median, 3 days in each pediatric group vs 1 day in adults; P < .001). The effect of age on bleeding differed by disease treatment category and was most pronounced among autologous transplant recipients. Pediatric subjects were at higher risk of bleeding over a wide range of platelet counts, indicating that their excess bleeding risk may be because of factors other than platelet counts. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00128713.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document