scholarly journals Smíšený mód a online dotazování: mezinárodní praxe a tuzemská připravenost na implementaci

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-33
Author(s):  
Barbora Hubatková ◽  
Martin Lakomý

The cost of interviewer-administered data collection (CAPI, CATI) has been gradually rising, while response rates have been declining over time. This situation has led to the domination of online data collection (CAWI), which tends to suffer from poor population coverage and even lower response rates. This could be overcome by combining this method with another mode of data collection. This paper aims to summarise the main principles of mixed-mode design, its implementation in major international surveys, and the first results of a project testing the feasibility of the push-to-web mixed-mode design in the Czech context. The results illustrate that together, unequal distribution of technological skills and willingness to participate distort the recruitment of random samples for CAWI towards middle-aged and more educated respondents. The mixed-mode design – together with the described components – has the potential to better involve underrepresented groups, while it is essential to follow the rules for achieving comparable answers across modes and devices. Finally, we emphasize the need to disseminate findings to researchers and other users of survey data, as the use of mixed-mode design has been rapidly increasing.

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Wiseman ◽  
Marianne Schafer ◽  
Richard Schafer

The authors describe an experimental study designed to determine the effects of a monetary incentive on (1) a potential respondent's decision to participate in a central-location interview, (2) that person's expressed willingness to participate in a future survey, and (3) the cost of data collection.


2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nunan ◽  
Simon Knox

In the last decade, there has been an explosion in the use of online survey tools. Online data collection tools have lowered the cost of data collection and removed barriers to entry for carrying out research. While a number of questions have been raised about the general reliability of internet survey research, one specific use of the web for survey work has been in reaching niche populations that are difficult to access using traditional survey tools – so-called ‘rare samples’. In this paper, we present an approach to accessing such hard-to-reach populations using search engine pay-per-click (PPC) advertising. We carried out a study that makes uses of PPC advertising on search engines as an alternative means of developing a sample for a hard-to-reach group of health consumers. Based on a sample of 466 consumer responses, we discuss the effectiveness of this technique for reaching such rare populations.


Author(s):  
Antonella Capriello ◽  
Piercarlo Rossi

With the advent of Web 2.0 technologies, online forms of communication are rich sources of data to study socio-economic growth patterns and consumer behaviours. In this research field, the more robust development of data mining and opinion monitoring depends on fully automating data collection to monitor the evolution of customer opinions and preferences in real time. Although web crawlers or spiders can assist researchers in an innovative and effective way, this data collection approach could give rise to ethical concerns on the cost of web crawling processes and on data protection and privacy. With a focus on opinion monitoring, the chapter aims to discuss the ethical and legal issues of data mining in relation to spidering scripts. This contribution proposes a detailed analysis of the ethical and legal aspects of online data collection by comparing existing legislations. For illustrative purposes, a spidering software is presented to discuss its potential and explore ethical solutions in the data-mining sphere.


2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Breton ◽  
Fred Cutler ◽  
Sarah Lachance ◽  
Alex Mierke-Zatwarnicki

AbstractElection studies must optimize on sample size, cost and data quality. The 2015 Canadian Election Study was the first CES to employ a full mixed-mode design, aiming to take advantage of the opportunities of each mode while preserving enough commonality to compare them. This paper examines the phone interviews conducted by ISR-York and the online questionnaires from panellists purchased from a sample provider. We compare data quality and representativeness. We conduct a comprehensive comparison of the distributions of responses across modes and a comparative analysis of inferences about voting. We find that the cost/power advantages of the online mode will likely make it the mode of choice for subsequent election studies.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
May Doušak

After decades of survey quality research and many experiments on the mode of data collection as a source of data inequivalence, there is still no exact explanation of how the mixed-mode design impacts the collected data. While not providing a definitive answer, we propose a new explanation of the mode effect and how it correlates with other sources of errors in surveys. By reviewing the relevant literature, we develop theoretical arguments indicating that the mode of data collection is in fact a moderator of context effects, a view that can provide an answer to the question concerning the origin of the data cacophony in mixed-mode comparative studies.


Jurnal Common ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rismawaty Rismawaty ◽  
Sofie Aulia Rahmah

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi kelompok dalam metode pembelajaran sentra di TK Zaid bin Tsabit. Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang proses komunikasi kelompok. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan Deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan peneliti ada dengan studi pustaka, penelusuran data secara online, wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi dengan 3 orang informan kunci yaitu guru di TK Zaid bin Tsabit serta 3 informan pendukung yaitu Kepala TK Zaid bin Tsabit dan 2 orang tua murid. Uji keabsahan data dengan peningkatan ketekunan, triangulasi dan diskusi dengan teman sejawat, teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan evaluasi.Hasil penelitian ini bahwa Proses komunikasi yang terjadi merupakan komunikasi langsung yang terjadi dua arah dan dilakukan terus menerus untuk membentuk kemandirian anak. Proses komunikasi yang terjadi dalam kelompok metode pembelajaran sentra membentuk kemandirian anak. Proses komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh guru kepada anak dilakukan dengan memberikan arahan-arahan kepada anak serta contoh dari arahan yang telah disampaikan oleh guru.Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran sentra membentuk kemandirian anak lewat komunikasi yang dilakukan guru secara terus menerus, karna melalui pembelajaran sentra anak diminta untuk melakukan segala sesuatunya sendiri dalam pengawasan guru. Saran yang diberikan adalah guru harus lebih kreatif dalam memberikan materi pada metode pembelajaran sentra serta bersikap lebih tegas dalam mendidik anak dan melakukan komunikasi yang berkelanjutan dengan orang tua murid. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- This study was conducted to determine the process of group communication in the center learning method at TK Zaid bin Tsabit. This study discusses the process of group communication. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques carried out by the researcher were with literature studies, online data searches, interviews, observation and documentation with 3 key informants namely the teacher at TK Zaid bin Tsabit and 3 supporting informants namely TK Head Zaid bin Tsabit and 2 parents. Test the validity of data by increasing perseverance, triangulation and discussion with colleagues, data analysis techniques using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and evaluations.The results of this study that the communication process that occurs is direct communication that occurs in two directions and carried out continuously to form the independence of children. The communication process that occurs in a group of central learning methods shapes children's independence. The process of communication carried out by the teacher to the child is done by giving directions to the child as well as examples of directions that have been delivered by the teacher.The conclusion of this study is that the central learning method shapes children's independence through continuous communication by the teacher, because through central learning children are asked to do everything themselves in the supervision of the teacher. The advice given is that the teacher must be more creative in giving material to the central learning method and be more assertive in educating children and making ongoing communication with parents.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Braekman ◽  
Stefaan Demarest ◽  
Rana Charafeddine ◽  
Sabine Drieskens ◽  
Finaba Berete ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Potential is seen in web data collection for population health surveys due to a combination of its cost-effectiveness, implementation ease and the increased internet penetration. Nonetheless, web modes may lead to lower and more selective unit response rates than traditional modes and hence may increase bias in the measured indicators. OBJECTIVE This research assesses the unit response and costs of a web versus F2F study. METHODS Alongside the F2F Belgian Health Interview Survey of 2018 (BHIS2018; n gross sample used: 7,698), a web survey (BHISWEB; n gross sample=6,183) is organized. Socio-demographic data on invited individuals is obtained from the national register and census linkages. Unit response rates considering the different sampling probabilities of both surveys are calculated. Logistic regression analyses examine the association between mode system (web vs. F2F) and socio-demographic characteristics on unit non-response. The costs per completed web questionnaire are compared with these for a completed F2F questionnaire. RESULTS The unit response rate is lower in BHISWEB (18.0%) versus BHIS2018 (43.1%). A lower web response is found among all socio-demographic groups, however, the difference is higher among people older than 65, low educated people, people with a non-Belgian nationality, people living alone and these living in Brussels Capital. Not the same socio-demographic characteristics are associated with non-response in both studies. Having another European (OR (95% CI): 1.60 (1.20-2.13)) or a non-European nationality (OR (95% CI): 2.57 (1.79-3.70)) (compared to having the Belgian nationality) and living in the Brussels Capital (95% CI): 1.72 (1.41-2.10)) or Walloon (OR (95% CI): 1.47 (1.15 - 1.87) region (compared to living in the Flemish region) is only in BHISWEB associated with a higher non-response. In BHIS2018 younger people (OR (95% CI): 1.31 (1.11-1.54)) are more likely to be non-respondent than older people, this was not found BHISWEB. In both studies, lower educated people have a higher change to be non-respondent, but this effect is more pronounced in BHISWEB (OR low vs. high education level (95% CI): Web 2.71 (2.21-3.39)); F2F 1.70 (1.48-1.95)). The BHISWEB study has a considerable cost advantage; the total cost per completed questionnaire is almost three times lower (€41) compared to the F2F data collection (€111). CONCLUSIONS The F2F unit response rate is generally higher, yet for certain groups the difference between web versus F2F is more limited. A considerable cost advantage of web collection is found. It is therefore worthwhile to experiment with adaptive mixed-mode designs to optimize financial resources without increasing selection bias; e.g. only inviting socio-demographic groups more eager to participate online for web surveys while remaining to focus on increasing the F2F response rates for other groups. CLINICALTRIAL Studies approved by the Ethics Committee of the University hospital of Ghent


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