scholarly journals Ekonomika ve sportu – Maximalizace zisku v rámci profesionálních sportovních lig Severní Ameriky

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Ondřej Chwasczc ◽  
Tomáš Pětivlas
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Economic Gain ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Organizational Rules ◽  
Monopoly Position

Our work presents the professional sports league in North America in comparison with sports organizations in Europe. Based on that comparison, we found signifi cant diff erences, which result in diff erent behavior of clubs in North America and Europe. Clubs in North America achieve a monopoly position in relation to its surroundings due to the nature of the league. While these separate entities mutually cooperate having implemented organizational rules that prevent from dominance of one club. Th e combination of monopoly power and mutual cooperation results in the possibility of economic gain, which is for the clubs in Europe or for normal economic subjects operating in market environment unapproachable. Abuse of monopoly position of the clubs is noticeable mostly in the subsidies provided by local governments or towns to local sports club. Th ese public funds are not the most effi cient investments for locations mentioned above, as we demonstrated by a case analysis of the Miami Heat basketball club.

Confronting the Problems of Professional Sports: A Public Policy Response to Franchise Relocation and Stadium Subsidization

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor F Brinkman
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Sports Finance ◽  
Sports Venues ◽  
Benefits And Costs

During the past decade, forty-six professional sports venues were constructed in the United States, while only 16 expansion teams were created by the major sports leagues. Nearly two thirds of these newly built stadiums and arenas were funded with public tax revenues, despite substantial evidence showing no positive economic impact of new sports stadium construction on local communities. In reviewing the economic literature, this article investigates the role of professional sports organizations in the construction and public subsidization of new sports venues. Franchise relocation and public stadium subsidization is a direct result of the monopoly power of professional sports leagues, whose franchise owners extract large subsidies from their host communities by threatening to relocate to viable alternative locations. After explaining how the most common methods of stadium subsidization project a disproportionate allocation of the benefits and costs of hosting a professional team to local community interests, this article outlines several considerations for local policymakers who seek to reinvigorate public discussion of equity concerns in professional sports finance.

Dynamic pricing usage in sports for revenue management

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 913-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Bouchet ◽  
Michael Troilo ◽  
Brian R. Walkup
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Sports Leagues ◽  
Job Title ◽  
Travel Services

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which dynamic pricing is utilized in North American professional sports. While industries such as airlines and travel services have employed dynamic pricing for decades, professional sports is only now starting to adopt it. Design/methodology/approach The authors survey and interview high ranking executives and managers in North American sports organizations. A total of 72 managers and executives from the four major North American professional sports leagues as well as other sport properties were surveyed. Descriptive statistics and a basic regression provide insight into perceptions v. actual practice among sports organizations. Findings While most sports organizations perceive high usage of dynamic pricing within their organization, current procedures lag. Nearly 70 percent of respondents believe that their organizations frequently or always apply business analytics to dynamic pricing, but only 30 percent update their prices daily. Fully 50 percent of organizations do not automate decision-making processes, which is a hallmark of dynamic pricing. The perception of constant use of analytics in dynamic pricing intensifies as job title increases. Originality/value As one of the initial surveys looking at the usage of dynamic pricing in North American professional sports, this study provides a glimpse into both the perception and the reality. It suggests that there is still ample room for improvement.

scholarly journals Compensation in hazardous facility siting : ban analysis of compensatory agreements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Wrzal
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Facility Siting ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Initial Capital

Although theoretically the voluntary site strategy has been commended for its success at solving local community problems, there has been a small number of siting successes actually achieved. This study investigates the approach of negotiated compensation and reward in the collaborative process under which willing individuals can come to an agreement concerning the siting of a noxious facility. Elaborating upon Kuhn and Ballard's (1998) optimistic conclusions regarding the progress of facility siting approaches in North America, the study investigated the true nature of collaborative theory in a case analysis of environmentally hazardous facility projects. The result suggest the compensation is an effective tool in the siting process. The analysis indicates that there has been an evolution in the nature of community agreements over the last ten years into more sophisticated allocations of benefits and burdens. The study also concludes that direct costs allocated by proponents for the purpose of compensation remain low and relatively small when compare to the estimated initial capital of the projects.

scholarly journals Involvement of cities with county rights in financing tasks pertaining to physical culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4 (48)) ◽  
pp. 1261-1279
Author(s):  
Maja KRASUCKA
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Spatial Difference ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Financial Autonomy ◽  
The Mean

 Units of local governments in Poland are responsible for running actions in the sphere of physical culture. The growing number of people practicing sports, as well as social and rearing aspects related to sports exert an influence on the activity of sports clubs and social organizations which promote physical culture. While only some sports organizations are self-sufficient economically, most of them must rely on public support. In Poland, like in the majority of European countries, one of the main sources of financing are public grants. Cities with county rights (CCRs), being a specific type of commune, undertake tasks of both communes and counties. In the sphere of tasks pertaining to physical culture this can manifest itself by higher budgetary expenses in general, including grants. Local tasks connected with sport are stiffly defined by central regulations only to an insignificant extent. Therefore it is accepted that local governments possess considerable autonomy as regards deciding about allocation of the means assigned for their realization. This concerns also the grant-based expenses. Thus, the aim of the article is to examine whether the scale of expenses borne on physical culture, including local government grants, is dependent on the size of CCRs and on the level of their financial autonomy. In this paper, the author presents differences in expenses from budgets of CCRs on tasks pertaining to physical culture (Section 926 of the budgetary classification), with particular taking account of grants which constitute them. The basic tools of descriptive statistics and study of interdependences were used. A very large spatial difference in the examined variables, both in the regional framework and within the types of communes, was found. The mean interdependence was identified between grant-based expenses and the level of financial autonomy of the cities with county rights.

scholarly journals Modeling of optimization processes of investment activity of a professional sports organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-806
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr I. Matviyenka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sports Organization ◽  
Effective Distribution

The article deals with modeling of investment regulation of professional sports organizations in the Republic of Belarus. The approaches of scientists and researchers to the issue under study are identified. To solve indicated problem, a model of investment regulation of a professional sports organization has been developed, which makes it possible to operatively and reasonably allocate investment resources based on simulation and iterative capabilities. The proposed economic and mathematical model makes in general economic indicators it possible to take into account the contribution of each segment of income to the joint results of operating activities and, as a result, promotes closer integration of the less than potential from them, which leads to a synergistic effect. The developed dynamic simulation model of investment regulation has been tested on the example of a professional sports organization, the results confirm the effective distribution of investment funds, due to which there is a positive economic effect in the form of total income growth.

scholarly journals Possibilities and conditions for the implementation of integration solutions in public transport on the example of a dobule-city area Slupsk-Ustka

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Tomasz Adamkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transport ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Area ◽  
System Operating

The article presents the problems of integration solutions in mass transport. This topic is based on the connections between Słupsk and Ustka, which is linked by a mutual cooperation agreement. Both towns form a dobule-city area, which aims to conduct a common regional policy. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the legitimacy of integrating the mass transport system operating in this area. The task of integration processes on the public transport market is to provide the inhabitants of a region with a reliable transport system, streamlining the movement by a transparent tariff, adjusting the network of connections to the demand and shortening the travel time. It is necessary to construct a transport offer in such a way as to promote the attractiveness of public transport, in particular against the background of individual motorisation. The premise for building an integrated transport system should be all postulates of inhabitants of a region. The results of the research project carried out prove that the issue of integrating public transport in this area is still valid. Their comparison with the proposed integration assumptions indicates that these solutions are an opportunity to improve its functioning. Implementation of the assumptions linking urban transport in Słupsk with mass transport in the Słupsk-Ustka corridor would contribute to strengthening the cooperation of both cities and improving their tourist attractiveness. However, it requires proper cooperation of local governments, taking into account all the travel postulates of the inhabitants of the region. The administrative boundaries can not constitute barriers to smooth movement between these cities.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF SPONSORSHIP IN PROFESSIONAL SPORTS CLUB

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ivanovna Izaak ◽  
◽  
Kirill Vadimovich Akanin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Sports Club
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