Relevance of Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism for Coronary Artery Disease in the Saudi Population

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 1241-1245
Author(s):  
Nduna Dzimiri ◽  
Brian F. Meyer ◽  
Syed S. Hussain ◽  
Chona Basco ◽  
Barima Afrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background.—The apolipoprotein E alleles ε2 and ε4 have been reported as independent risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and as predictors for the development of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results.—We determined by polymerase chain reaction the distribution of apolipoprotein E polymorphism in 320 Saudi blood donors (BD), 96 CAD patients, and 40 control subjects who had undergone angiography. Compared to controls, only ε4 was elevated in CAD patients. More than 61% (P < .0001) of the patients had angina, and 52.1% (P < .05) were diabetic; both of these factors were strongly associated with the presence of allele ε2. The ε2 allele was also associated with hypertension, elevated serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol. On the other hand, the allele ε4 appeared to be associated with increased risk of CAD and was also associated with hypertension, 3-vessel disease, and restenosis. Conclusions.—Accordingly, ε4 may be associated with increased risk of CAD, whereas ε2 appears to be a predictor of several risk factors for atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Lp (a) Levels on Coronary Artery Disease with Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Wensu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
E Gene ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background This study is the first to explore the influence of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and blood lipid metabolism on coronary artery disease (CAD) with atrial fibrillation.Methods In this study, there were a total of 2048 participants, including 400 patients in the control group (CAD- AF-), 126 AF patients without CAD (CAD- AF+), 1294 CAD patients without AF (CAD+ AF-) and 228 CAD patients with AF (CAD+ AF+). Blood lipid levels and APOE genotypes were determined by collecting blood samples from the patients.Results Compared with CAD patients without AF, the age and Lp (a) levels of CAD patients with AF were significantly higher. Among CAD patients, the frequencies of E3/E3 and ε3 genotypes in patients with AF were significantly lower than those in patients without AF, and the frequencies of E4/E4 and ε4 genotypes were significantly increased. Spearman correlation analysis showed that in CAD patients, Lp(a) levels in the ε4 group were significantly higher than those in the group of patients without ε4, and there was a significant correlation between ε4 and Lp (a) levels (p<0.001, r=0.106). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the increase in Lp (a) levels (p=0.023) and age (p=0.01) were independent risk factors for CAD patients who develop AF.Conclusion Patients with AF had increased age, ε4 frequencies and Lp (a) levels among CAD patients, age and Lp (a) levels may be independent risk factors for CAD patients to develop AF.

Atheromatosis Extent in Coronary Artery Disease is not Correlated with Apolipoprotein-E Polymorphism and its Plasma Levels, but Associated with Cognitive Decline

2010 ◽  
Vol 999 (999) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Moreira Lima ◽  
Maria das Gracas Carvalho ◽  
Claudia Natalia Ferreira ◽  
Ana Paula Fernandes ◽  
Cirilo Pereira da Fonseca Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Prevalence, Epidemiological Characteristics, and Pharmacotherapy of Coronary Artery Disease among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Data from Jo-Fib Study

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 605
Author(s):  
Hanna K. Al-Makhamreh ◽  
Mohammed Q. Al-Sabbagh ◽  
Ala’ E. Shaban ◽  
Abdelrahman F. Obiedat ◽  
Ayman J. Hammoudeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Cad Risk

Background and Objectives: Patients with AF are at increased risk for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) owing to their shared etiologies and risk factors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, cardiovascular risk factors, and used medications of CAD in AF patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, case-control study utilized data from the Jordanian Atrial Fibrillation (Jo-Fib) registry. Investigators collected clinical features, history of co-existing comorbidities, CHA2DS2-VASc, and HAS BLED scores for all AF patients aged >18 visiting 19 hospitals and 30 outpatient cardiology clinics. A multivariable binary logistic regression was used to asses for factors associated with higher odds of having CAD. Results: Out of 2000 patients with AF, 227 (11.35%) had CAD. Compared to the rest of the sample, those with CAD had significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (82.38%; p < 0.01), hypercholesterolemia (66.52%, p < 0.01), diabetes (56.83%, p < 0.01), and smoking (18.06%, p = 0.04). Patients with AF and CAD had higher use of anticoagulants/antiplatelet agents combination (p < 0.01) compared to the rest of the sample. Females had lower CAD risk than males (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24–0.50). AF Patients with dyslipidemia (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.8–3.4), smoking (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.6), higher CHA2DS2-VASc score (OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.4–1.7), and asymptomatic AF (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.6) had higher risk for CAD. Conclusions: Owing to the increased prevalence of CAD in patients with AF, better control of cardiac risk factors is recommended for this special group. Future studies should investigate such interesting relationships to stratify CAD risk in AF patients. We believe that this study adds valuable information regarding the prevalence, epidemiological characteristics, and pharmacotherapy of CAD in patients with AF.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein E polymorphism is associated with both number of diseased vessels and extent of coronary artery disease in Czech patients with CAD

2012 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Machal ◽  
Anna Vasku ◽  
Ota Hlinomaz ◽  
Petra Linhartova ◽  
Ladislav Groch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Relationship of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with lipid profiles in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elmadbouh ◽  
Yasser Elghobashy ◽  
Eman Abd-Allah ◽  
Ahmad-Ashraf Reda ◽  
Adnan Fathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Relationship Of

Elevated secretory non-pancreatic type II phospholipase A2 serum activity is associated with impaired endothelial vasodilator function in patients with coronary artery disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan FICHTLSCHERER ◽  
Marietta KASZKIN ◽  
Susanne BREUER ◽  
Stefanie DIMMELER ◽  
Andreas M. ZEIHER
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serum Activity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Low-grade inflammatory activity is associated with an increased risk for ischaemic coronary events. sPLA2 (secretory non-pancreatic type II phospholipase A2) serum activity is increased in chronic inflammatory diseases and may also contribute to atherogenesis. Since the endothelium is a major target for inflammatory cytokines, we hypothesized that elevated serum activity of sPLA2 is associated with an impaired vasodilator function in patients with documented CAD (coronary artery disease). Endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine, 10–50 µg/min) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside, 2–8 µg/min) FBF (forearm blood flow) responses were measured by venous occlusion plethysmography in 50 male patients with angiographically documented CAD. sPLA2 serum activity was inversely correlated with acetylcholine-induced FBF responses (r=-0.36; P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant correlation between sPLA2 and CRP (C-reactive protein; r=0.33, P<0.02). In contrast, FBF responses to sodium nitroprusside did not correlate with sPLA2 serum activity. In order to identify independent predictors of an impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilator function in patients with CAD, a multivariate analysis was performed including the inflammatory serum markers as well as classical risk factors of CAD. This analysis demonstrated that both sPLA2 (P<0.05) and CRP serum levels (P<0.05) were the only significant independent predictors of an impaired acetylcholine-induced FBF response. In conclusion, elevated sPLA2 serum activity is associated with a significant impairment in systemic endothelial vasodilator function in patients with CAD. The identification of sPLA2 as a novel independent predictor for endothelial dysfunction provides another important clue to link a systemic marker of inflammation with coronary atherosclerotic disease.

scholarly journals 9p21 and the Genetic Revolution for Coronary Artery Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Roberts ◽  
Alexandre F R Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genomic Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract BACKGROUND It has long been recognized that 50% of the susceptibility for coronary artery disease (CAD) is due to predisposing genetic factors. Comprehensive prevention is likely to require knowledge of these genetic factors. CONTENT Using a genomewide association study (GWAS), the Ottawa Heart Genomic Study and the deCODE group simultaneously identified the first genetic risk variant, at chromosome 9p21. The 9p21 variant became the first risk factor to be identified since 1964. 9p21 occurs in 75% of the population except for African Americans and is associated with a 25% increased risk for CAD with 1 copy and a 50% increased risk with 2 copies. Perhaps the most remarkable finding is that 9p21 is independent of all known risk factors, indicating there are factors contributing to the pathogenesis of CAD that are yet unknown. 9p21 in individuals with premature CAD is associated with a 2-fold increase in risk, similar to that of smoking and cholesterol. Routine genetic testing will probably remain controversial until a specific treatment is developed. Over a period of 5 years, however, GWASs have identified 30 genetic variants for CAD risk, of which only 6 act through the known risk factors. SUMMARY The 9p21 variant has now been established as an independent risk factor for CAD and, along with the additional 29 risk genetic variants recently identified, is likely to provide the thrust for genetic testing and personalized medicine in the near future.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Infection Following Total Joint Arthroplasty in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjani Somayaji ◽  
Cheryl Barnabe ◽  
Liam Martin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Objectives: Determine risk factors for infection following hip or knee total joint arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: All rheumatoid arthritis patients with a hip or knee arthroplasty between years 2000 and 2010 were identified from population-based administrative data from the Calgary Zone of Alberta Health Services. Clinical data from patient charts during the hospital admission and during a one year follow-up period were extracted to identify incident infections. Results: We identified 381 eligible procedures performed in 259 patients (72.2% female, mean age 63.3 years, mean body mass index 27.6 kg/m2). Patient comorbidities were hypertension (43.2%), diabetes (10.4%), coronary artery disease (13.9%), smoking (10.8%) and obesity (32%). Few infectious complications occurred: surgical site infections occurred within the first year after 5 procedures (2 joint space infections, 3 deep incisional infections). Infections of non-surgical sites (urinary tract, skin or respiratory, n=4) complicated the hospital admission. The odds ratio for any post-arthroplasty infection was increased in patients using prednisone doses exceeding 15 mg/day (OR 21.0, 95%CI 3.5-127.2, p=<0.001), underweight patients (OR 6.0, 95%CI 1.2-30.9, p=0.033) and those with known coronary artery disease (OR 5.1, 95%CI 1.3-19.8, p=0.017). Types of disease-modifying therapy, age, sex, and other comorbidities were not associated with an increased risk for infection. Conclusion: Steroid doses over 15 mg/day, being underweight and having coronary artery disease were associated with significant increases in the risk of post-arthroplasty infection in rheumatoid arthritis. Maximal tapering of prednisone and comorbidity risk reduction must be addressed in the peri-operative management strategy.

Genetic predisposition to coronary artery disease is predictive of recurrent events: a Chinese prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jiang ◽  
Qiwen Zheng ◽  
Yaling Han ◽  
Shubin Qiao ◽  
Jiyan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Evidence of the effects of genetic risk score (GRS) on secondary prevention is scarce and mixed. We investigated whether coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptible loci can be used to predict the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in a cohort with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). A total of 1667 patients hospitalized with ACS were enrolled and prospectively followed for a median of 2 years. We constructed a weighted GRS comprising 79 CAD risk variants and investigated the association between GRS and MACE using a multivariable cox proportional hazard regression model. The incremental value of adding GRS into the prediction model was assessed by integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and decision curve analysis (DCA). In the age- and sex-adjusted model, each increase in standard deviation in the GRS was associated with a 33% increased risk of MACE (hazard ratio: 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.61; P = 0.003), with this association not attenuating after further adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The addition of GRS to a prediction model of seven clinical risk factors and EPICOR prognostic model slightly improved risk stratification for MACE as calculated by IDI (+1.7%, P = 0.006; +0.3%, P = 0.024, respectively). DCA demonstrated positive net benefits by adding GRS to other models. GRS was associated with MACE after multivariable adjustment in a cohort comprising Chinese ACS patients. Future studies are needed to validate our results and further evaluate the predictive value of GRS in secondary prevention.

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