Practice of Forensic Medicine and Pathology in Sri Lanka

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
A. Thambirajah Balachandra ◽  
Amal N. Vadysinghe ◽  
Anita L. William
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Legal Medicine ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Work Up

Abstract The practice of forensic medicine and pathology in Sri Lanka is based on the British model. Medical students during their third and fourth years receive approximately 50 hours of lectures and tutorials in forensic medicine and pathology and then undergo an examination. After completing an internship, these doctors are sent to various hospitals throughout Sri Lanka where they may be asked to perform medicolegal examinations on victims and suspects in rape cases, persons suspected of being under the influence of drugs and/or alcohol, and, injured live patients. As well, they may be asked to perform medicolegal autopsies. Depending upon their experience, some medical officers may be designated as judicial medical officers and appointed full time to do medicolegal work. Up until 1980, judicial medical officers with at least 2 years of work experience were allowed to obtain their postgraduate qualifications in the United Kingdom. However, since 1981 and the establishment of its own Postgraduate Institute of Medicine in Colombo, Sri Lanka, medical officers are offered 2 postgraduate programs in forensic medicine and pathology, a diploma in legal medicine and a doctorate in medicine (forensic medicine). After completing the doctorate in forensic medicine, doctors are allowed to train abroad for a further year in an approved center. Upon return they can then be appointed as consultant judicial medical officers. The practice of forensic medicine and pathology in Sri Lanka is unique and vibrant. However, due to the country's prevailing civil war, the practice of forensic medicine and pathology is suboptimal.

scholarly journals The Hybridisation of Conventional Higher Education: UK Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Open Learning ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Radical Approach

Before the creation of the United Kingdom Open University (UKOU) - its Charter was given in 1969 and the first students were admitted in 1971 - the full-time residential model of higher education was pervasive, with part-time and distance modes of study seen as separate and inferior. The UKOU demonstrated the effectiveness of distance learning but also, because of its success, in some ways inhibited change in the mainstream tertiary sector. As social and political pressures on the sector grew, higher education providers were forced to innovate and models of “open learning” offered ways forward. As a result, the distinction between “distance” and “face-to-face” delivery rapidly eroded during the 1990s. However, barriers still remain to a more radical approach to provision as a whole.

Hospital Infection Surveillance in the United Kingdom

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 320-322
Author(s):  
G.A.J. Ayliffe
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Infection Surveillance ◽  
Surgical Wounds ◽  
Infection Control Nurse

Surveillance methods vary in different hospitals, but are mainly based on laboratory reports, as in Sweden. These reports are supplemented by ward visits by the infection control nurse and by the usual epidemiologic methods in the investigation of outbreaks.An increasing interest in surveillance of hospital infection occurred in the 1950s when outbreaks of staphylococcal infection were causing problems throughout the world. The appointment of an MD as infection control officer in every hospital was suggested in 1955 by Colebrook in the Birmingham Accident Hospital, but no full-time officer has so far been appointed in the United Kingdom (UK). The task was taken on by medical microbiologists, who are usually physicians and, currently in England and Wales, make up 82% of infection control officers.”In the early days, the recording of the incidence of infection was usually confined to surgical wounds, as in the US. The problem of collecting a large amount of data by the microbiologist was recognized by Moore who appointed the first infection control nurse.” He also described the importance of laboratory reports in the early detection of outbreaks.Surveillance was a major topic for discussion at the international Conference on Nosocomial Infections in 1970, and Moore suggested that incidence rates were of little value for determining changes in a hospital or for comparisons between hospitals. The number of infections in individual hospitals was too small for statistical comparison, particularly if rates were low and infections influenced bv many factors were not corrected for in the overall rates.

The Perceived Role of Psychology in the Initial Training of Christian Ministers of Religion in the United Kingdom

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Francis ◽  
Mandy Robbins
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Ministry Training ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Detailed Questionnaire

A detailed questionnaire was mailed to all institutions involved in the initial training of Christian ministers of religion within the United Kingdom. The 95 completed replies represent an 85% response rate. The data suggest that, although few full-time ministry educators possess a recognized qualification in psychology, the climate is generally favorable to psychology within programs of initial ministry training. The data also distinguish between four different levels on which psychology may contribute to such programs: areas given high priority in initial ministry training and in which psychology is already perceived as making an important contribution; areas given middle ranking priority and in which psychology is perceived as making an important contribution; areas to which psychology is seen as making a very positive contribution but which are perceived as being of little importance in initial ministry training; and areas given high priority but in which psychology is perceived as having little to offer. Suggestions are offered for the promotion of psychology on these different levels.

The polemics of Singlish

English Today ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Wong Song Mei
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Linguistic Ideology ◽  
Outer Circle ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Inner Circle ◽  
And Function

An examination of the culture, identity and function of English in Singapore.The widespread use of English in Singapore has placed Singapore in the Outer Circle, along with India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Ghana, Nigeria, the Philippines and others, in contrast with Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and others who belong to the Inner Circle (Kachru,1991). Placing countries in different circles – inner vs outer or expanding, based on the concept of nativization – has generated questions of democracy in linguistic ideology and related issues of norms and standards. These are discussed.

I. The United Kingdom

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Time Courses

The evolution of information science in response to the demand for scientific information is discussed as a back ground to the development of part-time and full-time courses in the United Kingdom to provide a formal education for information scientists. The work of the Institute of Informa tion Scientists in evaluating courses and maintaining a high standard of entry to the profession is also treated.

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