Prevalence and resistance profile of extended-spectrum -lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract Background: Infections caused by gram-negative bacteria are causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. The production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is an important mechanism that is responsible for resistance to the third-generation cephalosporin. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and drug resistance profile of ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria isolated from various inanimate objects at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Methods: Laboratory based cross-sectional study was conducted involving a total of 216 isolates from January to March 2019. The samples were taken from different inanimate objects at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital using pre-moistened sterile swabs. Screening of ESBLs was done using ESBL CHROME agar and confirmed with combined disk diffusion test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistical tests were performed. Results: 33/216 (15.3%) isolates were found to be ESBL producers based on the confirmatory test (combined disk method). Different ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the various inanimate objects of TASH including, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, Citrobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Serriatia spp and Acinetobacter spp. The isolates were found to be 100% resistant to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone. Conclusion: It is worrisome to detect ESBL producing gram-negative bacteria from the inanimate objects of TASH, calling for systematic screening of inanimate objects for ESBL and other multidrug-resistant bacteria in the hospital. Furthermore, strengthening the infection prevention practice is vital to halt the transmission of these microorganisms.

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Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: prevalence, resistance profile, and associated risk factors

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology ◽

10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 157-163

Author(s):

S. Soré ◽

S. Sanou ◽

Y. Sawadogo ◽

S. Béogo ◽

S.N.P. Dakouo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Faecal Carriage ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are a serious challenge to patients’ treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE, investigate the associated resistance, and analyze the associated risk factors for acquisition of ESBL-PE.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy volunteers and inpatients. After obtaining informed consent, rectal swabs were collected from each participant for isolation of Enterobacteriaceae on Hektoen enteric agar containing 4µg/L cefotaxime. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified using biochemical tests and ESBL production was confirmed by the double-disc synergy test of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Antibiotic susceptibility test of each isolate was done by the disc diffusion method and interpreted using the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) clinical breakpoints version 5.0.Results: During the study period, prevalence of faecal ESBL-PE among the study participants was 54.5% (103/189); 53.5% among healthy volunteers and 55.7% among inpatients (p=0.87). The major ESBL-PE isolates was Escherichia coli (71%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%). The isolates in hospitalized patients were resistant to norfloxacin (84.2%), cotrimoxazole (89.5%), and gentamicin (7.0%). The isolates from healthy volunteers were resistant to norfloxacin (86.2%), cotrimoxazole (82.8%), and gentamicin (1.7%).Gender, age, and previous antibiotic use were not significantly associated with carriage of ESBL-PE (p=0.51).Conclusion: The high prevalence of ESBL-PE in this study is worrying. There is an urgent need to develop measures to monitor and limit the spread of these multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare facilities and the community in Burkina Faso. Keywords: faecal carriage, ESBL-PE, healthy volunteers, inpatients, Burkina Faso

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First detection of the BES-type Extended-Spectrum -Lactamase produced by Enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

International Journal for Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research ◽

10.5897/ijbmbr2019.0307 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Serge Sougué ◽

Amana Mètuor-Dabiré ◽

Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon ◽

Rahimatou Yasmine Wend-kuni Tiemtoré ◽

Yasmine Aminata Bangré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Extended Spectrum

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Extended spectrum beta-lactamase and fluoroquinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea, Burkina Faso

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-020-02342-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

René Dembélé ◽

Ali Konaté ◽

Oumar Traoré ◽

Wendpoulomdé A. D. Kaboré ◽

Issiaka Soulama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Burkina Faso ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Quinolone Resistance ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Resistance ◽

Beta Lactamases ◽

Resistance Phenotype ◽

Resistant Genes ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Abstract Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR) has become a major public health concern worldwide. This resistance is caused by enzymes-mediated genes (i.e., extended spectrum beta-lactamases) that are common in certain Enterobacterioceae species. However, the distribution of these genes is poorly documented in Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of the resistant genes coding for broad spectrum beta-lactamases and quinolones in rural Burkina Faso. Methods Multiplex PCR assays were carried out to detect ESBL-encoding genes, including blaOXA, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV. The assays also assessed the presence of quinolone resistance gene namely qnrA, qnrB and qnrS in the quinolone-resistance DEC and Salmonella strains. Results The Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) resistance phenotype was reported in all the E. coli isolates (5/5). Cross-resistance phenotype to quinolones (CRQ) was shown by one Salmonella strain (1/9) and three E. coli (3/5). Cross-resistance phenotypes to fluoroquinolones (CRFQ) were harboured by one Salmonella (1/9) and carbapenemase phenotypes were detected in two E. coli strains (2/5). Whilst the blaOXA genes were detected in 100% (5/5) of E. coli isolates and in 33.33% (3/9) Salmonella isolates. One strain of E. coli (1/5) harbored the blaCTX−M gene and the qnrB gene simultaneously. Conclusions This study identified β-lactam (bla) and quinolone resistance (qnr) genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella spp. in rural Burkina Faso. Our finding which highlighted the enterobacteriaceae strains resistance to β-lactams and quinolones are of high interest for adequate management of antimicrobial resistant genes outbreak in Burkina Faso.

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