scholarly journals Proatividade: influência das condições para a criatividade considerando a mediação da autoeficácia para criar

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-624
Author(s):  
Heila Magali da Silva Veiga ◽  
Elaine Rabelo Neiva ◽  
Maria De Fátima Bruno-Faria
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equations ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Manager Support ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Creative Self ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The main goal of this study was to investigate the influence of the perception of favorable (manager support, challenging activities, strategy, coworkers, freedom, and physical environment) and unfavorable conditions (manager inadequate attitude, rules, and lack of time) for creativity upon the criterion variable, proactivity, taking into account the mediating effect of “Creative Self-Efficacy (CSE)”. A convenience sample of 297 participants from different organizations took part in this study and the model proposed was tested through the modeling of structural equations, employing the individual level of analysis. The findings have shown that all the dimensions of the aforementioned variable make a significant contribution to proactivity, with the highest contribution being the manager support. The mediating hypothesis has shown that CSE mediates the relationship between the favorable conditions for creativity (manager support, challenging activities, strategy, and coworkers) and proactivity, indicating that the influence of context in proactivity is maximized by CSE.

scholarly journals When Servant Leaders Inspire Followers to Become Organizational Citizens? Empirical Evidence From Vietnam

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401990018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phan Hanh Thao ◽  
Seung-Wan Kang
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Servant Leaders ◽  
Citizenship Behaviors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the existing servant leadership literature, especially at the individual level of analysis in new settings, by examining the potential joint effects of servant leadership, dyadic duration, and job self-efficacy, with organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) as the dependent variable. We, after analyzing survey data from 148 leader–follower dyads collected from an engineering venture, find that dyadic duration is a significant moderator of the relationship between servant leadership and OCB. Furthermore, the moderating effect of dyadic duration on the relationship between servant leadership and OCB depends on job self-efficacy, such that the interaction effect is neutralized when job self-efficacy is high rather than low. The findings about interactive effects can provide useful information that will help to better deploy servant leadership in organizations to create positive follower outcomes.

Citizen-Initiated Contacting of Government Officials and Socioeconomic Status: Determining the Relationship and Accounting for It

1982 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine B. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Sense Of Efficacy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The topic of citizen-initiated contacting of government officials has received increasing attention, but research has yielded conflicting findings on the relationship of socioeconomic status to contacting behavior. Various studies find that the two are negatively, positively, parabolically, or negligibly related. Data are presented supporting the claim of a positive relationship, and reasons for the conflicting findings are explored. The need-awareness model, associated with the finding of a parabolic relationship between socioeconomic status and contacting at the aggregate level, is tested at the individual level of analysis. While the importance of the need and awareness factors is affirmed, the overall model is not supported. As with other modes of political participation, sense of efficacy is found to be an important predictor of contracting, but the positive relationship between socioeconomic status and contacting remains when efficacy is controlled.

scholarly journals Exploring Dimensions of Corporate Social Performance as a Strategy for Attracting Quality Job Seekers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aretha Mazingi ◽  
Olorunjuwon M Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Performance ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Cultural Work ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Analysis

The main objective of this paper is to explore job seekers’ perception of an organisation’s corporate social performance (CSP) credentials as a plausible consideration in the employment decision-making process as suggested by existing literature. Similarly, the paper provides a contextual extension of previous studies that were conducted in different cultural work environments. The paper developed a conceptual model based on a literature survey in order to achieve its objectives. A survey of 515 final year undergraduate and postgraduate students in a public university in Gauteng, South Africa, was conducted to empirically determine the relationship between various dimensions of CSP in relation to a job seeker’s attractiveness to an organisation. The economic responsibility dimension of CSP was found to have the greatest influence on organisational attractiveness to job seekers. Previous studies used organisational level as the unit of analysis in arriving at conclusions, without corresponding evidence at the individual level of analysis. Our analysis in this study was conducted at an individual level, thus filling an existing gap in the literature. This paper further extends the work of some previous scholars on job pursuit intention. The study is, however, limited by our assumption that all participants would enter the labour market immediately after graduation, without 

scholarly journals The hybrid identity of micro enterprises

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco G. Nunes ◽  
Janet E. Anderson ◽  
Luis M. Martins ◽  
Siri Wiig
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Normative Identity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of ownership of community pharmacies on the perception of organizational identity and its relationships with organizational performance. Design/methodology/approach A survey was carried out on a sample of pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Portugal. The sample comprised 1,369 pharmacists, of whom 51 percent were owner-managers. Measures of pharmacies’ normative (community health oriented) and utilitarian (business oriented) identities, identity strength (clear and unifying), substantive (stockholder focused) and symbolic (society focused) performance were included. Findings Both owners and employed pharmacists rated the normative identity of pharmacies higher than the utilitarian identity. Compared with employed pharmacists, owners perceive a lower level of utilitarian identity, the same level of normative identity, and higher levels of identity strength. Normative identity and identity strength predicted symbolic performance. Normative and utilitarian identities and identity strength predicted substantive performance. The relationship between utilitarian identity and substantive performance was significant among owner pharmacists but not among employed pharmacists. Research limitations/implications The limitations include the use of perceptive measures and the focus on the individual level of analysis. Practical implications In order to improve pharmacies’ performance, pharmacists who manage community pharmacies are challenged to reconcile tensions arising from the co-existence of business and community health identities and from their own agency (self-serving) and stewardship (altruistic) motives. Originality/value This study draws on institutional, identity and stewardship theories to understand how pharmacists, owners and employees, view the identity of community pharmacies and how identity relates to organizational performance.

The Innovators

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Risman
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gendered Expectations ◽  
Level Of Analysis

This chapter introduces the innovators and provides a portrait of them. The chapter analyzes these innovators at the individual, interactional, and macro level of the gender structure. The chapter begins at the individual level of analysis because these young people emphasize how they challenge gender by rejecting requirements to restrict their personal activities, goals, and personalities to femininity or masculinity. They refuse to live within gender stereotypes. These Millennials do not seem driven by their feminist ideological beliefs, although they do have them. Their worldviews are more taken for granted than central to their stories. Nor are they consistently challenging gender expectations for others, although they often ignore the gender expectations they face themselves. They innovate primarily in their personal lives, although they do reject gendered expectations at the interactional level and hold feminist ideological beliefs about gender equality.

scholarly journals The Influence of Management on Teacher Well-Being and the Development of Sustainable Schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2909
Author(s):  
Esther Pagán-Castaño ◽  
Javier Sánchez-García ◽  
Fernando J. Garrigos-Simon ◽  
María Guijarro-García
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Teaching is one of the professions with the highest levels of stress and disquiet at work, having a negative impact on teachers’ well-being and performance. Thus, well-being is one of the priorities in human resource management (HRM) in schools. In this regard, this paper studies the relationship between HRM, well-being and performance, observing the incidence of leadership and innovation in these relationships. The objective is to measure the extent to which it is necessary to encourage sustainable environments that promote the well-being of teachers and, by extension, students. The study used the methodology of structural equations and a sample of 315 secondary school teachers. The work validates the influence of leadership by example and information management on HRM and performance. In addition, we confirm the significant effect of human resource management on educational performance. The relationship is observed both directly and through the mediating effect on the improvement of well-being. On the other hand, the positive influence of innovation on performance, both in schools and in the classrooms, is reaffirmed. These results suggest the need to zero in on the human resources policies in schools linked to the improvement of teacher well-being and educational performance. They also highlight the role of school and classroom innovation as a key element in maintaining educational quality.

scholarly journals Illuminating the Context and Circumstances of Male Couples Establishing a Sexual Agreement in Their Relationship

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason W. Mitchell ◽  
Ji-Young Lee ◽  
Cory Woodyatt ◽  
José Bauermeister ◽  
Patrick Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Male Couples ◽  
Relationship Themes ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Factors ◽  
Sexual Exploration ◽  
Skill Building ◽  
The Relationship

A sexual agreement is an explicit mutual understanding made between two partners about which sexual and relational behaviors they agree to engage in within and/or outside of their relationship. Factors that prompt male couples to form a sexual agreement and under what circumstances remain underinvestigated, yet are important considerations for development of couples-based sexual health and HIV prevention interventions. By using thematic analysis with qualitative dyadic data from a convenience sample of 29 HIV-negative male couples, the present study sought to describe the timing and investigate the context and circumstances that led male couples to establish a sexual agreement in their relationship at both the individual and couple levels, and by agreement type. Themes identified for when a sexual agreement was formed included within the first 6 months, and after 6 months in the relationship. Themes related to context and circumstances of couples’ sexual agreement formation were as follows: (a) desire for sexual exploration, (b) arisen circumstances or events with other men, (c) influences from past relationship(s) and/or other couples (i.e., peers), (d) to protect against HIV, and (e) purposeful conversations versus understood. Findings suggest HIV prevention efforts should include skill-building exercises to help improve communication and promote sex positivity within male couples’ relationships.

scholarly journals THE NEED FOR INFORMATION AND THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AS FACTORS OF CRITICAL AND UNCRITICAL DISSEMINATION OF PANDEMIC NEWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-195
Author(s):  
Elena I. Rasskazova ◽  
Galina V. Soldatova ◽  
Yulia Y. Neyaskina ◽  
Olga S. Shiriaeva
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Relevance. The modern society creates the image of a successful person as actively interacting with different information flows, including an impressive stream of news content. This paper assumes that there is a personal need for tracking and spreading news that develops in the interaction between person and digital world. The individual level of this need could explain the interaction with information (its critical and uncritical dissemination) and the subjective experience of its redundancy and inaccuracy, including those experiences and actions in a pandemic situation. The aim of the study was to reveal the relationship of the subjective need for news with personal values, beliefs about technologies (“technophilia”) and the dissemination of news about the pandemic. Method. 270 people (aged 18 to 61) filled out The short (Schwartz) Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ), Beliefs about New Technologies Questionnaire, Monitoring of Information about Coronavirus Scale as well as items on the subjective need for receiving and disseminating news, readiness for critical and non-critical dissemination of news about pandemics, subjective experiences of redundancy and distrust of pandemic-related information. Results. According to the results, the Need for News Scale allows assessing the subjective importance of receiving news and discussing them with other people and is characterized by sufficient consistency and factor validity. The need for regular news is more pronounced among men, older people, people with higher education, married people, people who have children, while the need to discuss news is not related to sociodemographic factors. For people, who are more prone to technophilia, it is more important to regularly receive and discuss news information with others, which, in turn, mediates the relationship between technophilia and monitoring news about coronavirus. The need for news dissemination mediates the relationship between technophilia and readiness for critical and non-critical dissemination of information about the pandemic.

scholarly journals WHETHER INDIVIDUALISM MAKES PEOPLE FROM THE “WEST” HAPPIER AND COLLECTIVISM MAKES PEOPLE FROM THE “EAST” MORE SATISFIED IN LIFE: AN INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (6B) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Hữu An ◽  
Lê Duy Mai Phương
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
The West ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Collectivistic Cultures ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

Determinants of the variation of happiness have long been discussed in social sciences. Recent studies have focused on investigating cultural factors contributing to the level of individual happiness, in which the cultural dimension of individualism (IND) and collectivism (COL) has been drawing the attention of a large number of scholars. At the cultural level of analysis, happiness is associated with personal achievements as well as personal egoism in individualistic cultures, while it is related to interpersonal relationships in collectivistic cultures. Empirical research yields unconventional results at the individual level of analysis, that is, individuals in collectivistic cultures favor IND to be happy, in contrast, people in individualistic cultures emphasize COL be satisfied in life. Using data from the fifth wave of the World Values Survey (WVS), this study takes the cultural dimension of IND and COL at the individual level of analysis to detect its effects on happiness (conceptualized as subjective well-being – SWB) in the comparison between the two cultures. Multiple linear regression models reveal results that individuals from the “West” experience greater happiness when they expose themselves less individualist, while, individuals from the “East” feel more satisfied and happier in their life when they emphasize more on IND or being more autonomous.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document