scholarly journals Chemical characterization, toxicity, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Hymenaea courbaril L. and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e11
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Everton ◽  
Ana Patrícia Matos Pereira ◽  
Paulo Victor Serra Rosa ◽  
Nilton Silva Costa Mafra ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Santos Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

This study evaluated the antimicrobial, antioxidant and toxicity activity of essential oils (EOs) of Hymenaea courbaril L. var. courbaril bark and Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels leaves. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The ABTS and DPPH assay were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. For the toxicity assay, lethality was evaluated against Artemia salina Leach. For the antimicrobial assay, the method of Disc Diffusion and Dilution in Broth was applied to obtain the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal. The major constituent of the EO of H. courbaril was β-ocimene (23.33%) and the EO of S. cumini was isocaryophyllene (18.01%). Both OE showed relevant antioxidant activity and low toxicity against Artemia salina. The EOs showed bactericidal activity against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., B. cereus and P. mirabilis. The results obtained are encouraged by the potential use of the OE's studied in the control and fight of pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Essential oils of the leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels and fruit peels of Hymenaea courbaril (L.) var. courbaril as molluscides against Biomphalaria glabrata

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e1239108215
Author(s):  
Gustavo Oliveira Everton ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Santos Júnior ◽  
Everton Holanda Sales ◽  
Paulo Victor Serra Rosa ◽  
Andressa Almeida Santana Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Molluscicidal Activity

This study evaluated the molluscicidal activity of essential oils (EOs) of Syzygium cumini L. and Hymenaea courbaril L. Hydrodistillation was used to extract the EOs. The chemical characterization was performed by Gas Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The bioassay of Artemia salina Leach was used for the toxicity test. The molluscicidal assay tested concentrations of 10-80 mg L-1 of the EOs against Biomphalaria glabrata. The major constituent of The EO of S. cumini was isokaryophyllene and H. courbaril the Germacreno-D. The toxicity assay classified The EOs as nontoxic with LC50 412.10 mg L-1 for S. cumini and LC50 354.80 mg L-1 for H. courbaril. The molluscicidal assay purchased LC50 44.76/ LC90 77.20 for S. cumini and LC50 37.34 mg L-1/ LC90 73.24 mg L-1 for H. courbaril. The results showed that both EOs can be used as natural molluscicides in combating the snail Biomphalaria glabrata.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF COCOA POD THAT ASSOCIATED IN MALTODEXTRIN IN VARIOUS CONCENTRATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Asriani Hasanuddin ◽  
Chairil Anwar ◽  
Marhawati Mappatoba ◽  
Hafsah Hafsah
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Peel Extract

Cocoa pod extract ((Theobroma cacao L.) has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity that has the potential as a natural food preservative. However, in its use the cocoa fruit skin extract has a disadvantage because the short shelf time and its application to food are limited, efforts are needed to prevent damage and extend shelf life, one of the efforts that can be done is by encapsulating the extract.This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity and antioxidant encapsulation of cocoa peel extract, this study begins with the extraction of cocoa pods with ethanol solvent by comparing cocoa pods : solvent 1: 4 The skin of cacao cocoa fruit used is yellow harvested cocoa fruit, then chopped and dried to form flour.The sample is extracted by maceration with ethanol solvent Antioxidant test is done by DPPH method, while antibacterial test is carried out by the well diffusion method. This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with 5 treatments using a maltodextrin concentration of 20% (M1); 30% (M2); 40% (M3); 50% (M4) and 60% (M5). The results showed that the treatment gave the highest yield in the treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5), while the highest antioxidant activity was obtained in the treatment of 20% maltodextrin (M1) with IC50 75.98 µg / mL and the treatment with the lowest antioxidant activity was obtained at treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5) with IC50 value 114.89 µg / mL. While for the antimicrobial activity also obtained with the same results, namely treatment of 20% (M1) obtained a higher inhibition diameter compared to treatment at 30%; 40%; 50% and 60% for all types of bacteria. The inhibition diameter in the treatment of the concentration of maltodextrin 20% (M1) for E. coli bacteria is between 4.12 mm - 10.95 mm, Salmonella sp is 2.85 mm - 8 , 25 mm and for Staphylococcusaureus of 5.15 mm - 13.90 mm and the lowest inhibition diameter was obtained in the treatment of 60% maltodextrin concentration (M5) for E. coli bacteria of between 2.0 mm - 4.79 mm, Salmonella sp of 1.15 mm - 4.35 mm and for Staphylococcusaureusat 2.76 mm - 5.17 mm.This study concluded that the encapsulation of cocoa peel extract using 20% maltodextrin had the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity when compared with other treatments namely 30% concentration; 40%; 50% and 60% but for the treatment of 20% and 30% there is no difference. Ethanol extract of cocoa pods can be made in the form of encapsulates which are very likely to be used as natural preservatives.

Chemical Characterization of Euphorbia heterophylla L. Essential Oils and Their Antioxidant Activity and Allelopathic Potential on Cenchrus echinatus L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e1900051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelsamed I. Elshamy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abd‐ElGawad ◽  
Abd El‐Nasser G. El Gendy ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Assaeed
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Allelopathic Potential

scholarly journals Larvicidal Evaluation against Aedes aegypti and Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of the Essential Oil of Tridax procumbens L. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lethicia B. Brandão ◽  
Lizandra L. Santos ◽  
Rosany L. Martins ◽  
Alex B. L. Rodrigues ◽  
Erica de M. Rabelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Larvicidal Bioassay

The present study evaluated the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and larvicidal potential of the essential oil of Tridax procumbens leaves, as well as identified the compounds present in the essential oil. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the sequestration method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, the cytotoxic activity was evaluated using Artemia salina, the larvicidal bioassay was performed with larvae in the third stage of development of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, and the identification of the metabolites was performed by gas chromatography coupled to the mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The phytochemical oil analysis showed the presence of 20 compounds, with thymol and γ-terpinene being the main ones. It presented antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 194.51 μg mL−1, demonstrating antioxidant activity in the highest concentrations tested. It presented low cytotoxic activity against A. salina, with an LC50 of 1238.67 μg mL−1, demonstrating atoxicity in the concentrations tested. The essential oil presented good larvicidal activity when compared to the literature, with an LC50 = 79.0 μg mL−1 in 24 hours and LC50 of 69.15 μg mL−1 in 48 hours. In this way, it was possible to identify that the essential oil of the leaves of T. procumbens presented potential for the development of a natural larvicide, as well as antioxidant activity satisfactory to the radical DPPH and low toxicity to A. salina.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and biological activities evaluation of latex from Himatanthus obovatus (Muell. Arg.) Woodson (Apocynaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Vitor Souza Ramada ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pereira de Menezes Filho ◽  
Matheus Vinicius Abadia Ventura ◽  
Hellen Regina Fernandes Batista-Ventura ◽  
Celiana Maria Ferrarini Triches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
E Coli

Himatanthus obovatus is a tree species that has laticifers in its aerial organs, where it is used in folk medicine. The aim of this work was to evaluate the latex of H. obovatus regarding its phytochemical composition and biological activities. The latex was collected and lyophilized, yield (%) was carried out, phytochemical prospection for several groups, determination of the content of flavonoids, phenolics and total tannins, antioxidant activity in reducing DPPH, antifungal activity on the Candida genus, antibacterial for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella serovar Enteritidis and Thyphymurium and Enterococcus faecalis, hemolytic activity on human erythrocytes and cytotoxicity bioassay on Artemia salina. The latex yield was 19.05%, positive presence of several groups of phytocompounds was observed, total flavonoid content of 78.80 mg QE 100 g-1, total phenolic compounds of 166.51 mg AGE g 100-1, total tannins of 14.81 mg TAE 100 g-1, antioxidant activity IC50 = 178.87 µg mL-1, antifungal activity for all Candida strains and antibacterial only for E. coli and E. faecalis, hemolytic activity between 68-18% and cytotoxicity with LC50 = 433.97 µg mL-1 on A. salina. The latex of Himatanthus obovatus demonstrated in this study, important phytochemical data and biological activities.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization of essential oils and antioxidant activity of Dictyota dichotoma and Dictyopteris membranacea

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Redhouane Benfares ◽  
Affaf Kord ◽  
Khaled Boudjema ◽  
Manel Bouarab ◽  
Soumia Benrabah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Dictyota Dichotoma ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Main Component

The work focuses on the study of two brown algae Dictyota dichotoma and Dictyopteris membranacea. Extracts obtained by different organic solvents (dichloromethane, hexane, acetone, methanol, chloroform) were screened for their DPPH antiradical activity, whereas essential oils obtained by steam distillation were chemically characterized by GC-MS. Steam distillation yielded 0.07 and 0.095% of the essential oils for Dictyota dichotoma and Dictyopteris membranacea, respectively. The chemical screening of the essential oils of Dictyopteris membranacea and Dictyota dichotoma showed similar chemical profiles. Namely, trans-anethole showed to be the main component in both studied oils, yielding 12.28% and 10.70% for Dictyopteris membranacea and Dictyota dichotoma, respectively. Antioxidant activity of extracts was expressed by IC50 values and was in the range 0.375-1.72 mg/ml.

scholarly journals Composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of a full grown tree of Pinus cembra L. from the Calimani mountains (Romania)

2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungu Apetrei ◽  
Adrian Spac ◽  
Mihai Brebu ◽  
Cristina Tuchilus ◽  
Anca Miron
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Pinus Cembra ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

This study was carried out to investigate the chemical composition, the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the essential oils of Pinus cembra L. needles and twigs. The chemical composition was analyzed using both GC and GC-MS techniques. ?-Pinene (69.14%) was the major constituent of the needle essential oil while the twig essential oil was characterized by a high content of limonene+ ?-phellandrene (40.97%) and ?-pinene (24.94%). The needle and twig essential oils showed weak DPPH radical scavenging effects (EC50=19.93?0.75 and EC50=18.66?0.70 mg ml-1, respectively). In antimicrobial assays, both essential oils showed high activity against Sarcina lutea and Staphylococcus aureus and no activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The needle and twig essential oils had similar antimicrobial effects against Sarcina lutea with MIC and MBC values of 0.12 and 0.24 mg ml-1, respectively. The twig essential oil (MIC=1.95 mg ml-1, MBC=3.9 mg ml-1) was more active against Staphylococcus aureus than the needle essential oil (MIC=3.9 mg ml-1, MBC=15.62 mg ml-1) and also exhibited a moderate activity against Candida albicans (MIC=7.81 mg ml-1, MFC=15.62 mg ml-1).

scholarly journals Essential Oils Extracted from Organic Propolis Residues: An Exploratory Analysis of Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties and Volatile Profile

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Natália Y. Ikeda ◽  
Carmen M. S. Ambrosio ◽  
Alberto Claudio Miano ◽  
Pedro L. Rosalen ◽  
Eduardo M. Gloria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Minor Compounds

The industrial processing of crude propolis generates residues. Essential oils (EOs) from propolis residues could be a potential source of natural bioactive compounds to replace antibiotics and synthetic antioxidants in pig production. In this study, we determined the antibacterial/antioxidant activity of EOs from crude organic propolis (EOP) and from propolis residues, moist residue (EOMR), and dried residue (EODR), and further elucidated their chemical composition. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation, and their volatile profile was tentatively identified by GC-MS. All EOs had an antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum as they caused disturbances on the growth kinetics of both bacteria. However, EODR had more selective antibacterial activity, as it caused a higher reduction in the maximal culture density (D) of E. coli (86.7%) than L. plantarum (46.9%). EODR exhibited mild antioxidant activity, whereas EOMR showed the highest antioxidant activity (ABTS = 0.90 μmol TE/mg, FRAP = 463.97 μmol Fe2+/mg) and phenolic content (58.41 mg GAE/g). Each EO had a different chemical composition, but α-pinene and β-pinene were the major compounds detected in the samples. Interestingly, specific minor compounds were detected in a higher relative amount in EOMR and EODR as compared to EOP. Therefore, these minor compounds are most likely responsible for the biological properties of EODR and EOMR. Collectively, our findings suggest that the EOs from propolis residues could be resourcefully used as natural antibacterial/antioxidant additives in pig production.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles from Bacillus species and its applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Greeshma ◽  
M. Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Selenium nanoparticles have been widely used in the various areas especially in medical field for its anticancer and immune modulatory properties. To reduce the toxic chemicals released by chemical process, the present work was aimed at synthesis of selenium nanoparticles by microbes. In this study, microbes were isolated from soil samples from different areas of Bangalore and screened for the antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The organism with highest antioxidant activity (IC50 value = 11.6µg/mL) was identified as Bacillus species. Under experimental conditions, this microbe along with sodium selenite synthesised selenium nanoparticle indicated by the colour change of the medium to reddish orange. The synthesised selenium nanoparticles were further characterised. From UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the maximum peak was obtained at 266.5nm. The FT-IR analysis showed peaks at different wavelengths with the maximum of 3200cm-1 showing the presence of alcoholic group. The shape and size of the selenium nanoparticles was also calibrated by SEM analysis as oval and 209nm-748nm respectively. The nanoparticles were further analysed for antimicrobial assays by well diffusion method against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, St. mutans and antifungal assay against the strains of C. albicans, A. niger and A. flavus. The highest zone of inhibition was observed against E.coli (1.7 cm) at a concentration of 400µg and maximum for C. albicans (2.5cm) at a concentration of 400µg. Microbial synthesized nanoparticles emerges as a promising medicine in curing different disorders because of its potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.  

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