scholarly journals COVID-19 RISK ASSESSMENT IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT USING AMBIENT SENSOR DATA AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzet Fatih Senturk ◽  
Nurettin Gökhan ADAR ◽  
Stefan Panić ◽  
Časlav Stefanović ◽  
Mete Yağanoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transportation Vehicle

Covid-19 causes one of the most alarming global health and economic crises in modern times. Countries around the world establish different preventing measures to stop or control Covid-19 spread. The goal of this paper is to present methods for the evaluation of indoor air quality in public transport to assess the risk of contracting Covid-19. The first part of the paper involves investigating the relationship between Covid-19 and various factors affecting indoor air quality. The focus of this paper relies on exploring existing methods to estimate the number of occupants in public transport. It is known that increased occupancy rate increases the possibility of contamination as well as indoor carbon dioxide concentration. Wireless data collection schemes will be defined that can collect data from public transportation. Collected data are envisioned to be stored in the cloud for data analytics. We will present novel methods to analyze the collected data by considering the historical data and estimate the virus contagion risk level for each public transportation vehicle in service. The methodology is expected to be applicable for other airborne diseases as well. Real-time risk levels of public transportation vehicles will be available through a mobile application so that people can choose their mode of transportation accordingly.

scholarly journals Covid-19 risk assessment in public transport using ambient sensor data and wireless communications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Şentürk Fatih ◽  
Adar Gökhan ◽  
Stefan Panić ◽  
Časlav Stefanović ◽  
Mete Yağanoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transportation Vehicle

Covid-19 causes one of the most alarming global health and economic crises in modern times. Countries around the world establish different preventing measures to stop or control Covid-19 spread. The goal of this paper is to present methods for the evaluation of indoor air quality in public transport to assess the risk of contracting Covid19. The first part of the paper involves investigating the relationship between Covid-19 and various factors affecting indoor air quality. The focus of this paper relies on exploring existing methods to estimate the number of occupants in public transport. It is known that increased occupancy rate increases the possibility of contamination as well as indoor carbon dioxide concentration. Wireless data collection schemes will be defined that can collect data from public transportation. Collected data are envisioned to be stored in the cloud for data analytics. We will present novel methods to analyze the collected data by considering the historical data and estimate the virus contagion risk level for each public transportation vehicle in service. The methodology is expected to be applicable for other airborne diseases as well. Real-time risk levels of public transportation vehicles will be available through a mobile application so that people can choose their mode of transportation accordingly.

scholarly journals DESIGNING A SMALL CLIMATE CHAMBER TO CHARACTERIZE PEOPLE AS A SOURCE OF DETERIORATION OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY BY RESPIRATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 954-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Detelin Ganchev Markov ◽  
Sergey Mijorski ◽  
Peter Stankov ◽  
Iskra Simova ◽  
Radositna A. Angelova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Vapor Concentration ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Climate Chamber

: People are one of the sources for deterioration of the indoor air quality. They worsen indoor air quality by their presence (respiration, bio-effluents), activities and habits. Through respiration, people decrease the oxygen concentration in the air of the occupied space and increase carbon dioxide and water vapor concentration in the indoor air as well as its temperature. The goal of the AIRMEN project is to find out if the rate of consumption of oxygen and emission of carbon dioxide (and water vapor) by people depends on the indoor air temperature as well as carbon dioxide concentration in the inhaled air. In order to achieve this goal a small climate chamber must be designed and constructed which allows for controlling and measuring both inflow and exposure parameters as well as for measuring outflow parameters. The principal goal of this paper is to present some important details, obtained by CFD simulations, from the design process of the climate chamber which precondition the air distribution in the chamber and hence the exposure parameters.

scholarly journals Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Concentration Prediction Model and Diffusion Tendency of Expiratory by Simultaneous Multipoint Sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4631
Author(s):  
Motokazu Moritani ◽  
Norifumi Watanabe ◽  
Kensuke Miyamoto ◽  
Kota Itoda ◽  
Junya Imani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
And Diffusion

Recent indoor air quality studies show that even 1000 parts per million (ppm) concentration of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) has an adverse effect on human intellectual activities. Therefore, it is required to keep the CO 2 concentration below a certain value in a room. In this study, in order to analyze the diffusion tendency of carbon dioxide by breathing, we constructed a simultaneous multi-point sensing system equipped with a carbon dioxide concentration sensor to measure indoor environment. Furthermore, it was evaluated whether the prediction model can be effectively used by comparing the prediction value by the model and the actually measured value from the sensor. The experimental results showed that CO 2 by exhaled breathing diffuses evenly throughout the room regardless of the sensor’s relative positions to the human test subjects. The existing model is sufficiently accurate in a room which has above at least a 0.67 cycle/h ventilation cycle. However, there is a large gap between the measured and the model’s predicted values in a room with a low ventilation cycle, and that suggests a measurement with a sensor still is necessary to precisely monitor the indoor air quality.

scholarly journals Method for Estimation of CO2 Gains from Persons in Builidings

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodero ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sources Of Co2

Carbon dioxide concentration is an important parameter to know Indoor Air Quality of a building. One of the most important sources of CO2 in poor ventilated building is human activity. This work presents a method for experimental determination of human CO2 generation rate based on measuring of time evolution of indoor CO2 concentration. The method is applied to 5 rooms of an educational building from Bialystok (Poland). Similar carbon dioxide gains were obtained in all rooms, around 0.0046 L/s, which correspond to theoretical CO2 generation rates of a sedentary activity for persons, males and females, between 21–30 years old, characteristics of occupants of analyzed rooms.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality Certification and Consumers’ Willingness: Taiwan’s Experience and Survey

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1320
Author(s):  
Chih-Pei Hu ◽  
Jen-Hsiung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Factors Affecting

People spend about 80–90% of their time in indoor environments, and poor indoor air quality (IAQ) can seriously endanger people’s health, work quality, and efficiency. The Taiwan Government began regulating IAQ in 2011 and implemented the self-managed IAQ certification in 2021. Before the Taiwan Government officially implemented the certification, we conducted a questionnaire survey from 26 to 27 September 2020. Moreover, this survey selected Banqiao and Wuri High-Speed Rail Plaza as the survey sites and completed 337 valid questionnaires. According to the hierarchical regression results, this research found the following: firstly, IAQ certification complies with international standards and has continuous monitoring and information disclosure methods, both of which are key factors affecting people’s willingness to consume; secondly, the respondents, who are female, familiar with the regulations, and living in the northern Taiwan area, have more willingness to consume in the certificated places.

Indoor air quality assessment in a residential apartment in Budapest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Atfeh ◽  
Erzsébet Kristóf ◽  
Róbert Mészáros ◽  
Zoltán Barcza
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Sampling Frequency ◽  
Irregular Sampling ◽  
Air Quality Measurements

<p>This work focuses on indoor air quality measurements carried out in an apartment in the suburban region of Budapest. The measurements were made by an IQAir AirVisual node air quality monitor which is a so-called low-cost sensor capable to monitor PM<sub>2.5</sub> and carbon dioxide concentration. In this study we analyze data measured during January 2017 that was characterized by an extreme air pollution episode in Budapest. The aim of the study was to calculate daily indoor PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations that are comparable with the outdoor concentrations provided by the official Hungarian Air Quality Monitoring Network. Given the fact that AirVisual Pro provides data with irregular sampling frequency, data processing is expected to influence the calculated daily mean concentrations.  The results indicated that the uneven sampling frequency characteristic of AirVisual node indeed causes problems during data processing and has an effect on the calculated means. We propose a ‘best method’ for data processing for sensors with irregular sampling frequency.</p>

Air Quality in a Semi-Enclosed Public Transport Interchange Station in Rush Hour

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2077-2081
Author(s):  
Yan Feng Li ◽  
Meng Zhao ◽  
Xin Xin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Large Eddy

Indoor air quality in a public transport interchange station in rush hour has been studied. Carbon monoxide is selected as the main pollutant for description of air quality. Ventilation systems, bus traffic and passenger flow, air quality have been investigated by on-site survey. Large eddy simulation technology has been used to analyze indoor air quality of public transport interchange station. The boundary conditions are determined according to the measured date. Indoor air quality results at heights of 0.8m and 1.6m in rush hour and two operating conditions of public transport interchange station are calculated. Results have shown carbon monoxide concentrations at height of 0.8m are higher than those at height of 1.6m. Air quality would reach the harmful degree within 5min to 10min if the ventilation system is not operating. The ventilation system should be operated continuously during the peak hour in order to meet the requirement of indoor air quality standards.

scholarly journals Measurement and improvement of indoor air quality in an information technology classroom

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-924
Author(s):  
Mladen Tomic ◽  
Biljana Milutinovic ◽  
Predrag Zivkovic ◽  
Petar Djekic ◽  
Aleksandra Boricic
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions

With the rapid development of information technology equipment and its use in the teaching and learning activities, the working environment (especially indoor air quality) in which students and pupils spend a great deal of time in educational institutions has been changing. Therefore, special attention must be paid to indoor air quality and comfort. It is of great importance to maintain indoor air quality in an object, such as information technology classrooms, where a large number of students spend long periods of time. Poor indoor environment can negatively affect scholarly performances and cause discomfort and poor work performance. The problem of indoor air quality in educational institutions can be more serious than in other types of objects, because of the higher concentration of students and information technology equipment. This paper analyzes the changes in air quality in an information technology classrooms, when occupied with students, for the period from March to April. The changes of indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration are monitored in the classroom, as well as outdoor temperature and relative humidity. Several cases are studied: the classroom with closed windows and doors (closed classroom), the classroom with natural ventilation, the classroom cooled with a split system (cooled classroom). Responses of students are followed for each case. The analysis is performed based on the measurement results and numerical simulations using the computational fluid dynamics package, and measures are proposed to improve the indoor air quality in the considered classroom.

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