scholarly journals Security sector and/or community policing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Dragomir Jovičić
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Police Work ◽  
Security Sector

It is very important how government bodies carry out their activity. This is especially true of the police given the nature of their duties. It is quite certain that the police cannot perform their function if they do not have an appropriate communication and cooperation with the citizens. The quality of cooperation with the citizens largely determines what results the police will achieve. In addition to police work in security sectors, which has been implemented in our region for 50 years, there were ideas to introduce a new concept which shifts from a cooperation with citizens to a type of partnership, meaning that the citizens and the police together determine priorities and the manner of carrying out police duties, making the citizens also responsible for the security situation. However, in our legal system, it was impossible to put this new idea into action.

Public E-Service Conditions in Lithuania

2012 ◽  
pp. 733-757
Author(s):  
Egle Bileviciute ◽  
Tatjana Bileviciene
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Online Access

E-governance projects improve the efficiency of administrative systems, lower the number of civil servants, and improve the quality of administration. The Lithuanian Concept on the Development of the Information Society seeks to modernise governance through the use of computerised information resources. This is important so as to develop electronic context, to encourage the provision of e-services, and to allow local residents and businesses to use those services. Lithuania has a public e-services portal, the purpose of which is a broad online access to information and public e-services provided by state institutions. The requirements for common European e- services enforcement in cyberspace influence the improvement of e-services in public administration in Lithuania. Lithuania has a legal system necessary for public e-services, but the actual implementation of services directives requires more specific statutes on services as well as corresponding secondary legislation. Basing on different studies, the authors examine the development and conditions of public e-services in Lithuania.

scholarly journals Técnica legislativa, inserción de la norma en el ordenamiento jurídico y Tribunal Constitucional = Legislative drafting : incorporation of the norm into the legal system and Constitutional Court

2013 ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Tomás Vidal Marín
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Negative Effects

The incorporation of the norm into the Legal system can originate negative effects on the juridical certainty. Exactly, the present study analyzes whether is possible the control of constitutionality of the quality of law in the Spanish Legal system as a solution or remedy to the described situation.La inserción de las normas en el ordenamiento jurídico puede producir efectos negativos sobre la certeza del Derecho. Justamente, el presente estudio analiza si es posible el control de constitucionalidad de la calidad de la ley en el ordenamiento jurídico español en tanto que solución o remedio a la situación descrita.

scholarly journals The Legal Significance of Expert Treaty Bodies Pronouncements for the Purpose of the Interpretation of Treaties

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-60
Author(s):  
Danae Azaria
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Rule Set ◽  
The Law ◽  
International Law Commission

Abstract Although it is widely accepted that the pronouncements of expert treaty bodies are not binding, this does not mean that they are deprived of any effect in law. This study focuses on their legal effects vis-à-vis the interpretation of treaties, and explores how the International Court of Justice and the International Law Commission have dealt with the pronouncements of expert treaty bodies in relation to the interpretation of treaties. The tale about the Court’s and the Commission’s approaches in this respect demonstrates the profound belief of both the Court and the Commission that international law is a legal system, which calls for reliance on the pronouncements of expert treaty bodies as integral actors within the legal system with some ‘authority’ concerning the determination of the law (within their mandate). This does not mean that the Court and the Commission support a ‘blind reliance’ on such pronouncements; rather the quality of each pronouncement is a criterion for relying on it. The reasoning of the Court and (and implicitly of) the Commission also shows that they consider that international law as a legal system, which necessitates ‘legal consistency’. This in turn suggests that the reliance on pronouncements of expert treaty bodies, which are mandated to supervise the application (and interpretation) of particular treaties, may constitute an exercise of ‘systemic integration’ which exceeds the confines of the rule set forth in Article 31(3)(c) of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.

scholarly journals From the Persuasion of Theory to the Certainty of Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Sharieh ◽  
Jeanne Mifsud Bonnici
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
European Union ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Public

This paper analyses the legal bases of community policing under European Union (EU) law and the national laws of England, France, Germany, Italy, Romania and Portugal. Community policing arguably helps the police achieve efficient policing while respecting the requirements of the rule of law, a founding value of the EU, and can be a form of co-operation between the EU Member States under the EU legal framework for crime prevention. Moreover, the law in the selected jurisdictions supports four elements of the community policing model: (1) the public-police partnership in establishing policing strategies and priorities; (2) the public-police partnership for crime prevention and detection; (3) proactive and preventive policing; and (4) the police as providers of high quality services tailored to improve people’s quality of life. These elements are interrelated and interdependent: their holistic legal articulation is necessary for their effective existence.

Can Community Policing Help the Truly Disadvantaged?

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Reisig ◽  
Roger B. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Community Collaboration ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Ecological Theories

Community policing advocates argue that reforms designed to break down barriers between police and citizens can produce favorable outcomes. The authors test a series of related hypotheses in a multivariate context by using four independent data sources— community surveys, patrol officer interviews, Census Bureau, and police crime records— to estimate hierarchical linear models. The results show that citizens who perceive police partnerships favorably report fewer problems related to incivilities and also express higher levels of safety. Findings from models including cross-level interaction terms indicate that the positive outcomes associated with police partnerships are not restricted to citizens residing in affluent neighborhoods. In our ecological analysis, we find that police-community collaboration is associated with higher aggregate quality of life assessments and that community policing as a form of public social control mediates the adverse effects of concentrated disadvantage. The findings support social-psychological and ecological theories on which community policing practices are partially based.

Judiciary Practice in the Mechanism of Legal Monitoring

10.12737/5277 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Мария Глазкова ◽  
Mariya Glazkova ◽  
Алексей Павлушкин ◽  
Aleksey Pavlushkin ◽  
Екатерина Черепанова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Monitoring Mechanism ◽  
Complex Program ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
Monitoring Software

In article discusses topical issues of implementation of the legal monitoring mechanism. The authors made an attempt to discover the essence of the legal monitoring mechanism, to analyze and to assess the sufficiency of those functions, that are reserved for judicial authorities in this mechanism, and also to pay attention to specificity of monitoring of procedural rules as a type of law enforcement monitoring. Reveals the theoretical basis of the legal and regulatory monitoring? The organization the legal monitoring software. The authors proposes creation of a complex program of legal monitoring and law-application as an instrument of improvement of quality of normative-law acts. In article ways of influence of judicial practice on lawmaking and practice are generalized and systematized. Specific proposals are formulated. It ensures the scientifically-reasonable approach to a choice of directions of legislative development and in the end — an internal coordination of the legal system as a whole.

Problems of Access to Courts in Nigeria: Results of a Survey of Legal Practitioners

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jedrzej George Frynas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Access Problems ◽  
Survey Results

Access to courts constitutes a key test of the quality of a legal system. However, there is a dearth of empirical studies on access problems in developing countries. This article identifies the main problems of access to courts in Nigeria on the basis of a survey of 154 Nigerian legal practitioners, an analysis of Nigerian court cases and two field trips to Nigeria. It focuses on one specific type of litigation: litigation related to the Nigerian crude oil industry. The survey results suggest that the main constraints of access to courts in Nigeria are financial problems as well as the lack of education and information of potential litigants, which falls in line with the results of other empirical studies in developed countries.

Legality Without The Rule of Law? Scott Shapiro on Wicked Legal Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-200
Author(s):  
David Dyzenhaus
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Moral Quality ◽  
Legal Positivist

InLegality,Scott Shapiro – a leading legal positivist – analyses the problem of a wicked legal system in a way that brings him close to natural law positions. For he argues that a wicked legal system is botched as a legal system and I show that such an argument entails a prior argument that there is some set of standards or criteria internal to law which are both moral and legal. As a result, the more successful a legal order is legally speaking, the better the moral quality of its law, and the more it is a failure morally speaking, the worse the legal quality of its law. It is such moral features of law that Shapiro concedes make it plausible to account for law’s claim to justified authority over its subjects. However, Shapiro cannot, as a legal positivist, accept this entailment. His book thus brings to the surface and illuminates a central dilemma for legal positivism. If legal positivists wish to account for the authority of law they have to abandon legal positivism’s denial that law has such moral features. If they do not, they should revive a form of legal positivism that specifically abjures any claim to account for law’s normative nature.

scholarly journals How the interplay between organisational ‘culture’ and ‘climate’ shapes police officers’ perceptions of community policing

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110640
Author(s):  
Liam Fenn ◽  
Karen Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Police Work ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Discretionary Effort ◽  
Organisational Justice ◽  
Contextual Determinants ◽  
Police Community Relations ◽  
Culture And Climate

This article draws on interview data and the concepts of organisational ‘culture’ and ‘climate’ to critically assess police officers’ perceptions of community policing in one English constabulary. In so doing, it considers the cultural, organisational and wider contextual determinants of officers’ alignment to this style of police work. With an emphasis on developing community partnerships and engaging in problem-solving, rather than enforcement of the criminal law, community policing has been seen a primary way of rendering officers more ‘responsive’ to the needs of citizens, improving police–community relations and driving down crime rates. An important reform movement in police organisations around the world, the success of community policing nonetheless depends on officers’ willingness and ability to deliver it. Accordingly, the generation of evidence about the ‘drivers’ of officers’ attitudes to inform strategies to promote the delivery of the approach is essential. Findings suggest that officers value community policing as an organisational strategy but that the approach maintains a low status and is undervalued compared with other specialisms within the organisation. This is born of an organisational culture that foregrounds law enforcement as the primary function of police work and an organisational climate that reinforces it. This has implications for community officers in terms of their perceptions of and attitudes towards the approach, self-esteem and sense of value and worth, perceptions of organisational justice, discretionary effort and role commitment. Recommendations for police managers are set out.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document