A Preliminary Heat-Balance Computer Program Conforming to SNAME T&R Bulletin 3-11

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 131-162
Author(s):  
Michael G. Parsons ◽  
Thomas L. LaGuardia
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Feed Tank ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Batch Type ◽  
Steam Plant ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a FORTRAN IV batch-type computer program for the heat-balance calculation of a nonreheat marine steam plant. The program is in conformance with the commercial practice standards presented in SNAME Technical and Research Bulletin 3–11 "Marine Steam Power Plant Heat Balance Practices." The program treats the preliminary design heat-balance problem where feed heater outlet temperatures can be specified prior to the selection of specific heat exchanger characteristics. The system design includes a realistic auxiliary exhaust system utilizing auxiliary exhaust, bleed, augment, and unloading as available or necessary or both. The system must include a deaerating feed tank and may include up to two low-pressure feed heaters and up to three high-pressure feed heaters. The program is designed so that further extension and adaptation to special needs can be easily accomplished. Program design results in a minimization of input data and very efficient running times. A verification example is presented. User's Instructions, Programmer's Documentation, and a listing are included as Appendices.

Theory and Application of Stage-by-Stage Evaluation for Steam Turbine State-Line

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Robert Latorre ◽  
Zisimos Mourelatos ◽  
Efstratios Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Standard Heat ◽  
Balance Calculation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Design Case ◽  
The Heat Balance

A theoretical model of a steam turbine is formulated based on idealized Curtis and reaction stages to obtain expressions for a stage-by-stage evaluation of the turbine state line. Using typical stage geometries and corrections a computer program was developed to size the turbine and evaluate its state line at design conditions. A comparison of the heat balance made with the stage-by-stage state line and the standard heat balance is presented. For the design case of 30 000 shp it is shown that the differences in the heat balance calculation results are within ±0.5 percent.

Analysis of electro- and thermophysical processes occurring during electrocontact baking of flour products.

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
V.I. Maklyukov ◽  
◽  
E.O. Gerasimova ◽  
N. V. Labutina ◽  
E.N. Rogozkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Electric Contact ◽  
Wheat Dough ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Contact Heating ◽  
The Heat Balance

The article considers the results of research conducted during electric contact heating of rye-wheat dough pieces. It is established that the electrical conductivity of the crumb dough does not depend on the total humidity of the material, but mainly on the amount of free moisture. Using the current and temperature graphs, you can imagine how free moisture changes during the baking process and the influence of the thermophysical and colloidal process on the change in the value of free moisture. Experimentally determined the amount of heat that is spent on baking 1 kg of bread. The accuracy of the theoretical calculation of this parameter in the heat balance of the baking chamber is confirmed.

Refined thermal calculation of the locomotive heat engine collector

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-58
Author(s):  
P.V. Gubarev ◽  
D.V. Glazunov ◽  
V.G. Ruban ◽  
A.S. Shapshal
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cooling Air ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Traction Electric Motor

The thermal calculation of the locomotive traction engine collector is proposed. The equations of the heat balance of its elements are obtained taking into account the cooling air. The calculation results and experimental data of thermal imaging control are presented. Keywords: traction electric motor, collector, thermal calculation, thermal imaging control. [email protected]

Research on On-Line Anti-Icing Technology for Carenary along Electrified Railway

2013 ◽  
Vol 676 ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
Lei Guo ◽  
Qun Zhan Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Static Var Generator ◽  
On Line ◽  
Electrified Railway ◽  
The Heat Balance

Accidents of icing on catenary have great impacts on normal operation of trains. An on-line anti-icing technology used static var generator (SVG) for catenary was proposed, which can prevent icing formation without interrupting trains normal operation. The heat balance equations for catenary were solved, whose results were compared with data provided by TB/T 3111 and testing show the equation was correct. The simulation model based on Matlab was bulit , whose results and analysis show the correctness of the method.

Thermodynamic Evaluation of Gas Turbine Cogeneration Cycles: Part II—Complex Cycle Analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. G. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Visual Perspective ◽  
Thermodynamic Evaluation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Regenerative Cycle

Complex open gas turbine cycles are analyzed by applying the heat balance method presented in Part I of this paper. Reheating, intercooling, regeneration, steam injection, and steam cooling are evaluated graphically to give a visual perspective of what takes place in terms of the overall heat balance when such complexities are introduced to the cycle. An example of a viable, new, intercooled regenerative cycle is given. A second example of a prototype reheat gas turbine is also included. The overall approach using the heat balance method can be applied to various cogeneration configurations when considering the more complex cycles of the future.

Modeling the heat balance of a solar greenhouse with a passive heat accumulator

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Khalimov ◽  
B. E. Khairiddinov ◽  
V. D. Kim ◽  
G. G. Khalimov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Balance ◽  
Heat Accumulator ◽  
Solar Greenhouse ◽  
The Heat Balance

Life Augmentation of Turbine Exhaust System Compensators Through Integrated MADM Optimization Approach of Stress Based Fatigue Cycles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin D. Pagar ◽  
Amit R. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Maximum Expansion ◽  
Optimal Configurations ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Turbine Exhaust

Abstract Exhaust expansion joints, also known as compensators, are found in a variety of applications such as gas turbine exhaust pipes, generators, marine propulsion systems, OEM engines, power units, and auxiliary equipment. The motion compensators employed must have accomplished the maximum expansion-contraction cycle life while imposing the least amount of stress. Discrepancies in the selecting of bellows expansion joint design parameters are corrected by evaluating stress-based fatigue life, which is challenging owing to the complicated form of convolutions. Meridional and circumferential convolution stress equations that influencing fatigue cycles are evaluated and verified with FEA. Fractional factorial Taguchi L25 matrix is used for finding the optimal configurations. The discrete design parameters for the selection of the suitable configuration of the compensators are analysed with the help of the MADM decision making techniques. The multi-response optimization methods GRA, AHP, and TOPSIS are used to determine the parametric selection on a priority basis. It is seen that weighing distribution among the responses plays an important role in these methods and GRA method integrated with principal components shows best optimal configurations. Multiple regression technique applied to these methods also shows that PCA-GRA gives better alternate solutions for the designer unlike the AHP and TOPSIS method. However, higher ranked Taguchi run obtained in these methods may enhance the suitable selection of different design configurations. Obtained PCA-GRG values by Taguchi, Regression and DOE are well matched and verified for the all alternate solutions. Further, it also shows that stress based fatigue cycles obtained in this analysis for the L25 run indicates the range varying from 1.13 × 104 cycles to 9.08 × 105 cycles, which is within 106 cycles. This work will assist the design engineer for selecting the discrete parameters of stiff compensators utilized in power plant thermal appliances.

Calculation of Hourly Output of a Solar Still

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. B. Sharma ◽  
S. C. Mullick
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Hourly Output ◽  
The Heat Balance

An approximate method for calculation of the hourly output of a solar still over a 24-hour cycle has been studied. The hourly performance of a solar still is predicted given the values of the insolation, ambient temperature, wind heat-transfer coefficient, water depth, and the heat-transfer coefficient through base and sides. The proposed method does not require graphical constructions and does not assume constant heat-transfer coefficients as in the previous methods. The possibility of using the values of the heat-transfer coefficients for the preceding time interval in the heat balance equations is examined. In fact, two variants of the basic method of calculation are examined. The hourly rate of evaporation is obtained. The results are compared to those obtained by numerical solution of the complete set of heat balance equations. The errors from the approximate method in prediction of the 24-hour output are within ±1.5 percent of the values from the numerical solution using the heat balance equations. The range of variables covered is 5 to 15 cms in water depth, 0 to 3 W/m2K in a heat-transfer coefficient through base and sides, and 5 to 40 W/m2K in a wind heat-transfer coefficient.

scholarly journals Heat-balance integral to fractional (half-time) heat diffusion sub-model

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Integral Method ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Heat Diffusion Equation ◽  
Parabolic Profile ◽  
Heat Balance Integral Method ◽  
The Heat Balance

The fractional (half-time) sub-model of the heat diffusion equation, known as Dirac-like evolution diffusion equation has been solved by the heat-balance integral method and a parabolic profile with unspecified exponent. The fractional heat-balance integral method has been tested with two classic examples: fixed temperature and fixed flux at the boundary. The heat-balance technique allows easily the convolution integral of the fractional half-time derivative to be solved as a convolution of the time-independent approximating function. The fractional sub-model provides an artificial boundary condition at the boundary that closes the set of the equations required to express all parameters of the approximating profile as function of the thermal layer depth. This allows the exponent of the parabolic profile to be defined by a straightforward manner. The elegant solution performed by the fractional heat-balance integral method has been analyzed and the main efforts have been oriented towards the evaluation of fractional (half-time) derivatives by use of approximate profile across the penetration layer.

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