Climatic water balance and length of growing period for efficient crop planning under different agrotopo-climate in Ranchi, Jharkhand

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Pragyan Kumari ◽  
Sunny Ashish Balmuchu ◽  
Deepak A. Tirkey ◽  
A. Wadood
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Growing Period

Soil clay content, rainfall, and toposequence positions determining spatial variation in field water availability as estimated by a water balance model for rainfed lowland rice

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Inthavong ◽  
M. Tsubo ◽  
S. Fukai
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Soil Clay Content

Drought is a major limiting factor for the production of rainfed rice in the Mekong Region. Thus, estimation of the length of growing period (LGP) based on estimation of the development of water deficit is essential for sound planning of agricultural development. A recently developed soil-water balance model was used to quantify the availability of water for rice crops and yield reduction due to water deficit. Field water availability is known to be largely affected by soil type and rainfall pattern, and their separate effects were investigated in this study of a spatial analysis of LGP, using inputs for rainfed lowland rice in Savannakhet province in central Laos. The analysis showed that the start of growing period (SGP) and end of growing period (EGP) were affected largely by geographical variations in rainfall and soil clay content, respectively. Also, the areas having relatively short LGP were generally associated with large yield reduction because of low water availability associated with coarse-textured soils. At local scale, field water availability varied from upper to lower positions of a sloping land (toposequence) in the rainfed lowland ecosystem of the Mekong region, causing variation in yield within the toposequence. Using the level of field water determined around flowering time at different toposequence positions in 45 farms, estimated yield reduction was compared in seven main rice-growing districts of the province. Variability of yield loss, associated with variation in water availability, was larger across the toposequence positions than across districts, showing the importance of local variability in determining yield in rainfed lowland rice. The present approach of a combination of simulation model and GIS is adopted for characterisation of the water environment for rainfed lowland rice in other parts of Laos, as well as in neighbouring Thailand and Cambodia.

scholarly journals Dynamic crop planning for enhancing crop productivity in Mymensingh district

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Akter ◽  
MSU Talukder ◽  
MH Rahman ◽  
MNN Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Rainy Days

A study was carried out to analyze the rainfall data for crop planning in rainfed regions,, Probability analysis of rainfall offers a better scope for predicting the minimum assured rainfall to help in crop planning. The 75% probability of rainfall occurrence was proposed as an index of dependable rainfall for crop production. Considering this in view, 25 years (1981-2005) of rainfall data of Mymensingh district have been analyzed in greater details covering probability aspects. Assured rainfall analysis, probability of potential evapotranspiration, water-balance approach and actual evapotranspiration were found quite effective to assess the water availability period for crop planning under rainfed condition. It was found that maximum rainfall occurred in July and minimum in December. The numbers of rainy days per year at 75% probability were 128 days. In the month of July and August numbers of rainy days were 20 and in December, it reduced to zero. The highest potential evapotranspiration was obtained in April (4.6 mm/day) and the lowest in January (2.4 mm/day).It was observed that April to October is the rainfall excess (rainfall>PET) and November to March is the deficit period (PET>rainfall). Climatic water balance revealed the possibility of water harvesting during May to October. It may be concluded that probabilistic rainfall data and number of rainy days, would be quite helpful for crop planning. It provides useful information like land preparation, planting, transplanting, intercultural operations, harvesting, threshing, drying and other cropping practices. This would go a long way in crop planning at farmers and at policy making level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19935 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 313-320, 2013

scholarly journals STUDY OF CLIMATIC WATER BALANCE OF BHUBANESWAR FOR CROP PLANNING

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-436
Author(s):  
G. C. DEBNATH
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Crop Planning

scholarly journals ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Eleonora Runtunuwu ◽  
Akihiko Kondoh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Period Data

Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method.<br />The changes in mean annual value were obtained by subtracting the maximum period data from 1990 to 1995 (Max) with the minimum period data from 1901 to 1920 (Min). The results revealed that over 95-year period, mean global air temperature increased by 0.57oC. The temperature increase varied greatly in Asia, with more than 3.0oC, especially at 45-70oN, as well over the northern part of America (60-65oN) and Europe (55- 75oN). In low latitude across Asia, Africa, and South America, the variation was less than 1.5oC. In 80-85ºN region, the variation was relatively small and at higher latitudes it increased<br />significantly. Precipitation varied temporally and spatially. In the 40-45ºN and 40-45ºS regions, increasing precipitation of more than 100 mm occurred during the June-August and<br />September-November, especially in the northern hemisphere. The Eo increase of 2000 mm during 95 years occurred in the tropical northern America, middle Africa, and South-East Asia. A grid in Central Java of Indonesia showed that the Eo increase of 2500 mm during 95 years resulted in the decrease of growing period by 100 days. In coping with climate change, adjustment of cropping calendar is imperative.

scholarly journals Assessing the agroclimatic potentiality in Indian Sundarbans for crop planning by analyzing rainfall time series data

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
ARGHA GHOSH1 ◽  
MANOJ KUMAR NANDA ◽  
DEBOLINA SARKAR1 ◽  
SUKAMAL SARKAR ◽  
KOUSHIK BRAHMACHARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Rainfall Time Series ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Indian Sundarbans

In order to assess the climatological risk in terms of the dry week probabilities and length of the growing period of Indian Sundarbans region for successful crop planning, the present study was conducted using long term rainfall data from 1984 to 2018 received in Gosaba CD (Community Development) block of Indian Sundarbans. The probability of a rainfall events with 25 %, 50%, 75 % probabilities were estimated. Markov Chain model was used to estimate the initial, conditional probabilities of dry and wet weeks along with the probability of two consecutive wet and dry weeks considering 10 mm and 20 mm rainfall thresholds. Length of growing period (LGP) was calculated using Moisture adequacy index computed by the soil water balance method of Thornthwaite and Mather. Weekly rainfall varied from 1.11 mm in 51st Standard Meteorological Week (SMW) with standard deviation of ± 3.41 to 88.49 mm in 29th SMW with standard deviation of ± 58.19.50 % chance of getting more than 20 mm and 10 mm weekly rainfall was observed from 20th (23.37 mm) to 41st SMW (30.64 mm) and 17th (14.63 mm) to 42nd SMW (16.87 mm) respectively. The risk of dry spells was very higher from 42nd to 17th SMW. Average LGP of the study area was 237.4 days with standard deviation of ± 29.88.Probability of a week being stress free growing period and moderately drought period was more than 50 % from 18th to 48th SMW and 49th to 5th SMW respectively. Grass pea, potato with straw mulch and green gram can be included in the rice based cropping system during winter and summer seasons for sustainable intensification of the cropping systems in Indian Sundarbans region.

scholarly journals Dampak Fenomena El Nino dan La Nina Terhadap Keseimbangan Air Lahan Pertanian dan Periode Tumbuh Tersedia di Daerah Waeapo Pulau Buru

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Siti Lailatul Nangimah ◽  
Samuel Laimeheriwa ◽  
Reny Tomasoa
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Land Water

The study aimed to determine the years of events El Nino and La Nina, analyze the effects of El Nino and La Nina events on water balance, and determine the available growing periods in Waeapo areas under various rainfall conditions. Climate data analysis was carried out with the following stages: a) generation of rainfall data; b) analysis of extreme rainfall of El Nino and La Nina; c) calculation of land water balance using the Thornthwaite-Mather method; and d) determination of available growing period under various rainfall conditions. The results showed that in the last 30 years in the Waeapo area, there were eight times of a phenomenon of extreme dry rainfall (El-Nino), with an average intensity of once every three years. The phenomenon of extreme wet rainfall (La-Nina) occurred six times with an average intensity of once every five years. Based on the calculation of land water balance, during El-Nino rainfall conditions, there was an annual groundwater deficit of 403 mm or 172% of normal conditions, whereas during La-Nina rainfall conditions there was a surplus of annual groundwater of 775 mm or 222% of normal conditions. When an El-Nino phenomenon occurred, the available growing period was only five months (January to May), and when the La-Nina phenomenon occurred, the growing period was available throughout the year (12 months). Keywords: El Nino, La Nina, land water balance, available growing period, Buru Island   ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan tahun-tahun kejadian El Nino dan La Nina, menganalisis dampak kejadian El Nino dan La Nina terhadap neraca air lahan, dan menetapkan periode tumbuh tersedia di daerah Waeapo pada berbagai kondisi curah hujan. Analisis data iklim dilakukan dengan tahapan sebagai berikut: a) pembangkitan data curah hujan; b) analisis curah hujan ekstrim El Nino dan La Nina; c) perhitungan neraca air lahan menggunakan metode Thornthwaite-Mather; dan d) penentuan periode tumbuh tersedia pada berbagai kondisi curah hujan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam periode 30 tahun terakhir di Daerah Waeapo sudah terjadi fenomena curah hujan ekstrem kering (El Nino) sebanyak delapan kali, dengan intensitas rata-rata tiga tahun sekali. Dan fenomena curah hujan ekstrem basah (La Nina) terjadi sebanyak enam kali dengan intensitas rata-rata lima tahun sekali. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca air lahan, pada kondisi curah hujan El Nino terjadi defisit air tanah tahunan sebesar 403 mm atau 172% dari kondisi normalnya, sebaliknya pada kondisi curah hujan La Nina terjadi surplus air tanah tahunan sebesar 775 mm atau 222% dari kondisi normalnya. Ketika terjadi fenomena El Nino periode tumbuh yang tersedia hanya lima bulan (Januari s.d Mei), dan ketika terjadi fenomena La-Nina periode tumbuh berlangsung sepanjang tahun (12 bulan). Kata kunci: El Nino, La Nina, neraca air lahan, periode tumbuh tersedia, Pulau Buru

scholarly journals Estimation of the Water Balance and Length of Growing Period under Gumla District of Jharkhand for Efficient Crop Planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Pankaj Ekka ◽  
Pragyan Kumari ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
A. Wadood
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Lower Medium

Present study was conducted for Gumla district of Jharkhand at block level which experiences a humid sub-tropical climate with an average rainfall of 1100 mm annually. In spite of receiving 85% of rainfall during the monsoon season the agricultural production and productivity in the district is quite low due to improper utilization of available moisture during the cropping season. Based on the weekly, annual rainfall and Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) data of 17 years (2000-2016), the length of the growing period (LGP) and water balance was worked out for the district and suitable crop plans were suggested. The length of the growing period was observed to be 21 weeks for most of the blocks of Gumla district under Uplandand an average of 25 weeks under upper medium land situation (Don III).Under lower medium land situation (Don II), length of growing period was of 28-29 weeks for all blocks except Basia, Kamdara and Sisai and low land situation (Don I), possessed 29 weeks of LGP at all blocks whereas it was one week more for Raidih and a week less for Basia and Kamdara.In Basia and Kamdara the water surplus is almost negligible under Upland and Don III land situation and very little water can be harvested from Don II and Don I. Maximum surplus water was observed in Raidih followed by Palkot and can be harvested more water from all land situations. Only short duration varieties of different crop and low water requiring crops like maize and pigeon pea are suitable for Basia as well as Kamdara blocks.

scholarly journals ASSESSING GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY UNDER COLDEST AND WARMEST PERIODS AT DIFFERENT LATITUDINAL REGIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Eleonora Runtunuwu ◽  
Akihiko Kondoh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Period Data

Effect of climate change on water balance will play a key role in the biosphere system. To study the global climate change impact on water balance during 95-year period (1901-1995), long-term grid climatic data including global mean monthly temperature and precipitation at 0.5 x 0.5 degree resolution were analysed. The trend and variation of climate change, the time series of monthly air temperature and precipitation data were aggregated into annual arithmetic means for two extreme periods (1901-1920 and 1990-1995). The potential evapotranspiration (Eo) was calculated using Thornthwaite method.<br />The changes in mean annual value were obtained by subtracting the maximum period data from 1990 to 1995 (Max) with the minimum period data from 1901 to 1920 (Min). The results revealed that over 95-year period, mean global air temperature increased by 0.57oC. The temperature increase varied greatly in Asia, with more than 3.0oC, especially at 45-70oN, as well over the northern part of America (60-65oN) and Europe (55- 75oN). In low latitude across Asia, Africa, and South America, the variation was less than 1.5oC. In 80-85ºN region, the variation was relatively small and at higher latitudes it increased<br />significantly. Precipitation varied temporally and spatially. In the 40-45ºN and 40-45ºS regions, increasing precipitation of more than 100 mm occurred during the June-August and<br />September-November, especially in the northern hemisphere. The Eo increase of 2000 mm during 95 years occurred in the tropical northern America, middle Africa, and South-East Asia. A grid in Central Java of Indonesia showed that the Eo increase of 2500 mm during 95 years resulted in the decrease of growing period by 100 days. In coping with climate change, adjustment of cropping calendar is imperative.

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