scholarly journals Dynamic crop planning for enhancing crop productivity in Mymensingh district

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Akter ◽  
MSU Talukder ◽  
MH Rahman ◽  
MNN Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Crop Planning ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Rainy Days

A study was carried out to analyze the rainfall data for crop planning in rainfed regions,, Probability analysis of rainfall offers a better scope for predicting the minimum assured rainfall to help in crop planning. The 75% probability of rainfall occurrence was proposed as an index of dependable rainfall for crop production. Considering this in view, 25 years (1981-2005) of rainfall data of Mymensingh district have been analyzed in greater details covering probability aspects. Assured rainfall analysis, probability of potential evapotranspiration, water-balance approach and actual evapotranspiration were found quite effective to assess the water availability period for crop planning under rainfed condition. It was found that maximum rainfall occurred in July and minimum in December. The numbers of rainy days per year at 75% probability were 128 days. In the month of July and August numbers of rainy days were 20 and in December, it reduced to zero. The highest potential evapotranspiration was obtained in April (4.6 mm/day) and the lowest in January (2.4 mm/day).It was observed that April to October is the rainfall excess (rainfall>PET) and November to March is the deficit period (PET>rainfall). Climatic water balance revealed the possibility of water harvesting during May to October. It may be concluded that probabilistic rainfall data and number of rainy days, would be quite helpful for crop planning. It provides useful information like land preparation, planting, transplanting, intercultural operations, harvesting, threshing, drying and other cropping practices. This would go a long way in crop planning at farmers and at policy making level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19935 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 313-320, 2013

scholarly journals Rainfall Analysis for Hyderabad and Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6597-6602
Author(s):  
A. A. Mahessar ◽  
A. L. Qureshi ◽  
B. Sadiqui ◽  
S. M. Kori ◽  
K. C. Mukwana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Rainfall Time Series ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Annual Maximum Rainfall

The climatic change has a visible impact in recent abnormal weather events, such as Pakistan’s intensification of the hydrological cycle with changing precipitation pattern, water availability periods, and weather-induced natural disasters. The rainfall flush flood of 2010 alone displaced millionσ of people and damaged properties in just one stroke. The next year, the shocking rainfall flood of 2011 in Sindh, only underscored the enormity of the challenge posed by climate change. The current paper presents the analysis carried out for one-day annual maximum rainfall for Hyderabad and Nawabshah cities, Sindh, Pakistan for the period from 1961 to 2011 using STATISTICA Software for interpolating and forecasting the rainfall time series. The maximum values of observed rainfall were 250.70mm and 256.30mm, while the minimum values were 3.0mm and 0.0mm for Hyderabad and Nawabshah respectively, while the mean of fifty-one (51) years of rainfall data is 51.96mm and 45.3 mm and the computed standard deviations were 42.693mm and 43.896mm respectively. The difference between the mean and standard deviation of one-day maximum rainfall is small, which showed the consistency of the data. The polynomial trend curved lines exhibited fluctuations in the rainfall data, which indicates a continual change in rainfall behavior. Hence, the rainfall data are subjected to a moving mean smoothing with a duration shorter than 3 years. Through these trends, the future one-day annual maximum rainfall can be predicted. The correlation of one-day annual maximum rainfall between Hyderabad and Nawabshah cities had R2 of 0.973. The computed results of return periods of 3, 5, and 10 years for one-day annual maximum rainfall for both cities revealed that the rainfall values for Hyderabad are higher.

scholarly journals Pemetaan Curah Hujan Dalam Upaya Mengurangi Resiko Bencana Hidrometeorologi Dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Untuk Wilayah Kalimantan Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Rachel Zandra Singal ◽  
Noptri Jumario
Keyword(s):  
Monthly Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Analysis ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Analyst ◽  
Average Monthly Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Map ◽  
Source Of Information

North Kalimantan is one of the regions in Indonesia which is prone to hydrometeorological disasters. The purpose of this study was to determine the rainfall analysis of the North Kalimantan Region as a basis in finding rainfall levels in areas that do not have climatological stations, knowing the rainfall maps of the North Kalimantan Region and knowing the conditions of high rainfall causing flood prone in the North Kalimantan region. Rainfall data collection locations are climatology stations Tanjung Harapan, Juwata, Tuvai Semaring, Kalimarau and R.A. Bessing. Rainfall data is taken from OGIMET for 10 years. The result of rainfall analysis is the average monthly rainfall, which is from January to December. The method used to determine the monthly rainfall value in the North Kalimantan region is the Spatial Analyst Interpolation -Kriging method. The results are in the form of monthly rainfall maps, from January to December. Monthly rainfall map is a source of information on the value of rainfall in the region in North Kalimantan. Maximum rainfall is found in the areas of Tanjung Selor and Tarakan, namely January 313,368 mm, May 366,238 mm, July 358,868 mm and December 324,513 mm. Map of monthly rainfall in January, May, July and December is a parameter to see the condition of high rainfall causing hydrometeorological disasters. Through this research it is expected to anticipate the risk of disasters caused by the weather.

scholarly journals Analysis of variability and projection of extreme rainfall in West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 (1) ◽  
pp. 012012
Author(s):  
R C H Hutauruk ◽  
T Amin ◽  
A M Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
West Java ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Extreme Rain ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Rainy Days

Abstract This research discusses the effect of climate change on extreme rainfall in West Java using the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios by comparing daily rainfall data with model ACCESS-1, CSIROMK3.6 model, MIROC-5 from NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projection (NEX-GDDP) and the ensemble of three models each season with Extreme Dependency Score (EDS) method. This study projects an extreme rainfall index of 30 years (2011-2040). The three extreme rainfall indices issued by the Expert Detection Team and the Climate Change Index (ETCCDI) consisted of Rx1day, R50mm, and R95p used in this study. The results showed that the projection period (2011-2040) used RCP 8.5 which had a trend of increasing extreme rain index that was greater than RCP 4.5. For RCP 8.5 the maximum rainfall will increase in Indramayu, Majalengka, Purwakarta, Sukabumi and Ciamis areas. Increased rainy days occurred in Bogor, Bekasi, Karawang, Purwakarta, Bandung, Sumedang, Majalengka, Cirebon, Indramayu. Extreme rainfall will increase in Bekasi, Karawang and Bogor regions.

scholarly journals Taluka Wise Study of Rainfall Pattern in Nanded District of Marthwada Region (Maharashtra) Using Rainfall Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Ramesh Bethala B. V. Asewar ◽  
M. S. Peneke K. K. Dakhore ◽  
M. G. Jadhav A. M. Khobragade
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Rainy Days ◽  
Onset Of Monsoon

About 60 per cent of the total cultivable area of the country is rainfed. However, prolonged dry periods affect the final crop production. Monsoon is an important season for water supplies, from surface reservoir. Uneven distribution of rainfall, affect the agricultural production remarkably. The daily rainfall data was collected for each taluka of Nanded district for the period of 20 years (1998-2017) and it was to be summed up on meteorological weekly, monthly, seasonally, annual basis for each taluka of Nanded district basis for the study of rainfall characterization. The results indicated that weekly mean annual basis total rainfall was ranged between 720.0 mm in Deglur and 1009.9 mm in Mahur. The weekly highest rainfall on annual basis was recorded in Himayat Nagar (53.7 mm) in the 30th MW amongst all the taluka considering monsoon period (23 to 42 MW). The monthly mean rainfall indicated that the lowest and highest monthly mean rainfall amongst all the taluka was observed in Nanded, Kandhar, Loha, Hadgaon, Bhokar, Kinwat, Mahur, Dharmabad, Ardhapur, Naigaon talukas (0.0 mm) in the December month and in the Mahur taluka (283.1 mm) in July month. The seasonal distribution of Nanded district was obtained in winter season (6.1 mm), in summer (15.5 mm), in monsoon (578.3 mm), in post monsoon (216.6 mm). The annual rainfall data is statistical analyzed for Nanded district and within the year and taluka to taluka ranged C.V. (%) were between 25.0 to 46.9 %. The data of taluka-wise annual normal of weather parameter (i.e. rainfall and rainy days) calculated. Here, the results indicated that the onset of monsoon was observed in 23th MW and withdrawal in 43rd MW in Nanded district. It showed that average rainfall of Nanded district is 816.4 mm with 45.0 rainy days per year. The results clearly indicated the onset of monsoon in 23th MW and withdrawal of monsoon in 43rd MW for the Nanded district should be considered. The statistical analysis for rainfall variability was worked out and it was intra-annual as well as intra-taluka variation in Nanded district. It was ranged between 19.0 to 51.0 per cent with annual mean 45.0 rainy days per year.

scholarly journals Crop Planning of the Warangal District of Telangana State using Probability Distribution of 40 Years Rainfall Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8539-8546
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Crop Planning

Rain is a major component of the water cycle that deposits most of the fresh water on the earth. The determination of the frequency of occurrence of extreme hydrological events is a prerequisite for planning and execution of many water resource projects. A comprehensive statistical analysis on annual, monthly and seasonal rainfall for Warangal District, Telangana was performed using rainfall data for 40 years (1962-2001). The current investigation was conducted with the ultimate aim of determining the type of Probability distribution that best fits the rainfall data of that particular area. The plotting position and probabilistic methods of probability distribution functions were used for analysis of rainfall data. Rainfall magnitude were evaluated for different return periods. As well as the rainfall pattern of that area has been studied with help of standard deviation and co-efficient of variation. The difference in results obtained from the methods of plotting position were found to be insignificant. Chi-square test was used to measure the Goodness of fit for the seasonal and monthly rainfall. Gumbel’s (Extreme value type-I) method and Normal method was found to be the best method of distribution for the rainfall data of this region. A detailed study was conducted on the crop planning of this region. Rainfall amount is decreasing gradually due to urbanization, global climatic change and hence a decrease in crop productivity. Despite the growth in percentage of gross-irrigated area over Rain-fed farming, Farmers are still rainfall dependent. Crop planning is done with the average effective rainfall of Warangal. Economic analysis is carried out for the crops cultivated in this region and farmers get 23% increase in their yield according to the rates available in Warangal market.

Analysis of Crop Yield Prediction of Kharif & Rabi Jowar Crops Using Data Mining Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Sujata Mulik
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Yield Prediction ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rabi Crops

Agriculture sector in India is facing rigorous problem to maximize crop productivity. More than 60 percent of the crop still depends on climatic factors like rainfall, temperature, humidity. This paper discusses the use of various Data Mining applications in agriculture sector. Data Mining is used to solve various problems in agriculture sector. It can be used it to solve yield prediction.  The problem of yield prediction is a major problem that remains to be solved based on available data. Data mining techniques are the better choices for this purpose. Different Data Mining techniques are used and evaluated in agriculture for estimating the future year's crop production. In this paper we have focused on predicting crop yield productivity of kharif & Rabi Crops. 

Comparative Advantage of Using Biopesticides in Ukrainian Agroecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasrat Arjjumend ◽  
Konstantia Koutouki ◽  
Olga Donets
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Irreversible Damage

The use of unsustainable levels of chemical fertilizers and plant protection chemicals has resulted in a steady decline in soil and crop productivity the world over. Soil biology has undergone irreversible damage, coupled with a high concentration of toxic chemical residues in plant tissues and human bodies. Agricultural practices must evolve to sustainably meet the growing global demand for food without irreversibly damaging soil. Microbial biocontrol agents have tremendous potential to bring sustainability to agriculture in a way that is safe for the environment. Biopesticides do not kill non-target insects, and biosafety is ensured because biopesticides act as antidotes and do not lead to chemical contamination in the soil. This article is part of a larger study conducted in Ukraine by researchers at the Université de Montréal with the support of Mitacs and Earth Alive Clean Technologies. The responses of farmers who use biofertilizers (“user farmers”) and those who do not (“non-user farmers”), along with the responses of manufacturers or suppliers of biofertilizers, and research and development (R&D) scientists are captured to demonstrate the advantages of applying microbial biopesticides to field crops. Participants reported a 15-30% increase in yields and crop production after the application of biopesticides. With the use of biopesticides, farmers cultivated better quality fruits, grains, and tubers with a longer shelf life. Moreover, while the risk of crop loss remains high (60-70%) with chemically grown crops, this risk is reduced to 33% on average if crops are grown using biopesticides. The findings indicate that a large proportion of farmers would prefer to use biopesticides if they are effective and high quality products. In this context, the quality and effectiveness of products is therefore very important. Despite their benefits to soil, human health, and ecosystems, biopesticides face significant challenges and competition vis-à-vis synthetic pesticides for a variety of reasons. Therefore, the development of biopesticides must overcome the problems of poor quality products, short shelf life, delayed action, high market costs, and legal/registration issues.

scholarly journals Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as Agricultural Lighting: Impact and Its Potential on Improving Physiology, Flowering, and Secondary Metabolites of Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1985
Author(s):  
Musa Al Murad ◽  
Kaukab Razi ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong ◽  
Prakash Muthu Arjuna Samy ◽  
Sowbiya Muneer
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Lighting Systems

A reduction in crop productivity in cultivable land and challenging environmental factors have directed advancement in indoor cultivation systems, such that the yield parameters are higher in outdoor cultivation systems. In wake of this situation, light emitting diode (LED) lighting has proved to be promising in the field of agricultural lighting. Properties such as energy efficiency, long lifetime, photon flux efficacy and flexibility in application make LEDs better suited for future agricultural lighting systems over traditional lighting systems. Different LED spectrums have varied effects on the morphogenesis and photosynthetic responses in plants. LEDs have a profound effect on plant growth and development and also control key physiological processes such as phototropism, the immigration of chloroplasts, day/night period control and the opening/closing of stomata. Moreover, the synthesis of bioactive compounds and antioxidants on exposure to LED spectrum also provides information on the possible regulation of antioxidative defense genes to protect the cells from oxidative damage. Similarly, LEDs are also seen to escalate the nutrient metabolism in plants and flower initiation, thus improving the quality of the crops as well. However, the complete management of the irradiance and wavelength is the key to maximize the economic efficacy of crop production, quality, and the nutrition potential of plants grown in controlled environments. This review aims to summarize the various advancements made in the area of LED technology in agriculture, focusing on key processes such as morphological changes, photosynthetic activity, nutrient metabolism, antioxidant capacity and flowering in plants. Emphasis is also made on the variation in activities of different LED spectra between different plant species. In addition, research gaps and future perspectives are also discussed of this emerging multidisciplinary field of research and its development.

scholarly journals Biomass Burning and Water Balance Dynamics in the Lake Chad Basin in Africa

Earth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-356
Author(s):  
Forrest W. Black ◽  
Jejung Lee ◽  
Charles M. Ichoku ◽  
Luke Ellison ◽  
Charles K. Gatebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
Chad Basin ◽  
Lake Chad Basin ◽  
Logone Catchment

The present study investigated the effect of biomass burning on the water cycle using a case study of the Chari–Logone Catchment of the Lake Chad Basin (LCB). The Chari–Logone catchment was selected because it supplies over 90% of the water input to the lake, which is the largest basin in central Africa. Two water balance simulations, one considering burning and one without, were compared from the years 2003 to 2011. For a more comprehensive assessment of the effects of burning, albedo change, which has been shown to have a significant impact on a number of environmental factors, was used as a model input for calculating potential evapotranspiration (ET). Analysis of the burning scenario showed that burning grassland, which comprises almost 75% of the total Chari–Logone land cover, causes increased ET and runoff during the dry season (November–March). Recent studies have demonstrated that there is an increasing trend in the LCB of converting shrubland, grassland, and wetlands to cropland. This change from grassland to cropland has the potential to decrease the amount of water available to water bodies during the winter. All vegetative classes in a burning scenario showed a decrease in ET during the wet season. Although a decrease in annual precipitation in global circulation processes such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation would cause droughts and induce wildfires in the Sahel, the present study shows that a decrease in ET by the human-induced burning would cause a severe decrease in precipitation as well.

scholarly journals Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia: A Stochastic Frontier Approach

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Markose Chekol Zewdie ◽  
Michele Moretti ◽  
Daregot Berihun Tenessa ◽  
Zemen Ayalew Ayele ◽  
Jan Nyssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

In the past decade, to improve crop production and productivity, Ethiopia has embarked on an ambitious irrigation farming expansion program and has introduced new large- and small-scale irrigation initiatives. However, in Ethiopia, poverty remains a challenge, and crop productivity per unit area of land is very low. Literature on the technical efficiency (TE) of large-scale and small-scale irrigation user farmers as compared to the non-user farmers in Ethiopia is also limited. Investigating smallholder farmers’ TE level and its principal determinants is very important to increase crop production and productivity and to improve smallholder farmers’ livelihood and food security. Using 1026 household-level cross-section data, this study adopts a technology flexible stochastic frontier approach to examine agricultural TE of large-scale irrigation users, small-scale irrigation users and non-user farmers in Ethiopia. The results indicate that, due to poor extension services and old-style agronomic practices, the mean TE of farmers is very low (44.33%), implying that there is a wider room for increasing crop production in the study areas through increasing the TE of smallholder farmers without additional investment in novel agricultural technologies. Results also show that large-scale irrigation user farmers (21.05%) are less technically efficient than small-scale irrigation user farmers (60.29%). However, improving irrigation infrastructure shifts the frontier up and has a positive impact on smallholder farmers’ output.

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