scholarly journals Contamination levels, monthly variations, and predictions of neonicotinoid pesticides in surface waters of Gifu Prefecture in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (0) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka HAYASHI ◽  
Nozomi SASAKI ◽  
Mari TAKAZAWA ◽  
Tomomi INAGAKI ◽  
Hiroki NAKAMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Neonicotinoid Pesticides ◽  
Monthly Variations ◽  
Gifu Prefecture

scholarly journals Velikiy Novgorod Water Bodies’ Current Condition

2013 ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
General Status ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
First Time

Hydro/chemical explorations on the assessment of water pollution have been conducted on the Velikiy Novgorod water bodies (the Volkhov River with its tributaries, the Veryazha River, and the urban water bodies). Surface waters contamination levels have been determined, for the first time the map of spatial differentiation of the Velikiy Novgorod water bodies’ pollution has been made, and the general status of the urban water bodies has been assessed. The link between territorial differences in the water bodies’ pollution level and the city’s functional zones distribution has been highlighted.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ALDICARB IN SURFACE WATER FROM THE PARANÁIBA RIVER

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (29) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
M. S. ALMEIDA ◽  
A. C. GOULART ◽  
S. M. GOULART ◽  
T. A. da SILVA ◽  
J. P. V. SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Surface Water Samples

The pesticide aldicarb is the most toxic active ingredient registered in all national territory, standing out for its extreme acute toxicity. In the environment, mainly in the water resources, several studies have demonstrated the potential of contamination of aldicarbe. The Paranaíba River cuts off the municipality of Itumbiara-GO, a region considered an important economic center in the south of the state. Along the Paranaíba River Basin there is a wide range of crops, such as sugarcane, corn, soy, cotton. This work aimed to quantitatively analyze the occurrence of aldicarb contamination in surface waters of the Paranaíba River, in addition to conducting a theoretical study of the river. For this purpose, the liquidliquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (LLE-LTP) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) analysis were used. In the surface water samples of the river analyzed, no aldicarb contamination levels were found or the concentrations were below the detection limit of the LLE-LTP and HPLC-UV method.

scholarly journals Environmental Concentrations of Sulfonamides Can Alter Bacterial Structure and Induce Diatom Deformities in Freshwater Biofilm Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Kergoat ◽  
Pascale Besse-Hoggan ◽  
Martin Leremboure ◽  
Jérémie Beguet ◽  
Marion Devers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Diatom Community ◽  
Stream Mesocosms ◽  
Bacterial Structure ◽  
Ecological Realism ◽  
Community Exposure ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Set Up

Since the early 1920s, the intensive use of antibiotics has led to the contamination of the aquatic environment through diffuse sources and wastewater effluents. The antibiotics commonly found in surface waters include sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfamethazine (SMZ), which belong to the class of sulfonamides, the oldest antibiotic class still in use. These antibiotics have been detected in all European surface waters with median concentrations of around 50 ng L–1 and peak concentrations of up to 4–6 μg L–1. Sulfonamides are known to inhibit bacterial growth by altering microbial production of folic acid, but sub-lethal doses may trigger antimicrobial resistance, with unknown consequences for exposed microbial communities. We investigated the effects of two environmentally relevant concentrations (500 and 5,000 ng L–1) of SMZ and SMX on microbial activity and structure of periphytic biofilms in stream mesocosms for 28 days. Measurement of sulfonamides in the mesocosms revealed contamination levels of about half the nominal concentrations. Exposure to sulfonamides led to slight, transitory effects on heterotrophic functions, but persistent effects were observed on the bacterial structure. After 4 weeks of exposure, sulfonamides also altered the autotrophs in periphyton and particularly the diversity, viability and cell integrity of the diatom community. The higher concentration of SMX tested decreased both diversity (Shannon index) and evenness of the diatom community. Exposure to SMZ reduced diatom species richness and diversity. The mortality of diatoms in biofilms exposed to sulfonamides was twice that in non-exposed biofilms. SMZ also induced an increase in diatom teratologies from 1.1% in non-exposed biofilms up to 3% in biofilms exposed to SMZ. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the teratological effects of sulfonamides on diatoms within periphyton. The increase of both diatom growth rate and mortality suggests a high renewal of diatoms under sulfonamide exposure. In conclusion, our study shows that sulfonamides can alter microbial community structures and diversity at concentrations currently present in the environment, with unknown consequences for the ecosystem. The experimental set-up presented here emphasizes the interest of using natural communities to increase the ecological realism of ecotoxicological studies and to detect potential toxic effects on non-target species.

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

Identifying Sources of Sulfate Aerosols Reaching Whiteface Mountain, NY

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
James S. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sulfate Aerosols ◽  
Wet And Dry Deposition ◽  
Whiteface Mountain ◽  
Toxic Trace Metals

INTRODUCTION“Acid rain” and “acid deposition” are terms no longer confined to the lexicon of atmospheric scientists and 1imnologists. Public awareness of and concern over this phenomenon, particularly as it affects acid-sensitive regions of North America, have increased dramatically in the last five years. Temperate ecosystems are suffering from decreased pH caused by acid deposition. Human health may be directly affected by respirable sulfates and by the increased solubility of toxic trace metals in acidified waters. Even man's monuments are deteriorating as airborne acids etch metal and stone features.Sulfates account for about two thirds of airborne acids with wet and dry deposition contributing equally to acids reaching surface waters or ground. The industrial Midwest is widely assumed to be the source of most sulfates reaching the acid-sensitive Northeast since S02 emitted as a byproduct of coal combustion in the Midwest dwarfs S02 emitted from all sources in the Northeast.

DIP quality influenced by process water quality

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
DENNIS VOSS ◽  
HANS-JOACHIM PUTZ ◽  
SAMUEL SCHABEL
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Contamination Levels

The need for deinking mills to reduce their fresh water consumption has resulted in higher loads of various contaminants in the process water. Lower recovered paper quality also leads to higher contamination levels in the mills. This higher load has an influence on achievable target brightness. The objective of the work was to determine and explain the main reasons for relatively poor deinked pulp quality or poor deinking potential based on the influence of recovered paper composition and process water quality. The process water parameters significantly affect the deinking potential of recovered paper. The test results showed the negative effects of increased water hardness. For standard recovered paper mixtures, flotation selectivity is higher with increasing flotation pH-value. Good results were realized for standard recovered paper with low hardness, low surface tension, and high pH-value. The results for recovered paper containing flexo newsprint could be slightly improved with low hardness, low surface tension, and low pH-value. The results of the test program using design of experiments showed interacting effects of pH-value and surface tension on luminosity and flotation selectivity.

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