scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of curly dock (Rumex crispus) on spring barley seed germination and early growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Malinauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Root Elongation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Root ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Coleoptile Length ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Allelopathic Interaction ◽  
Coleoptile Elongation ◽  
Barley Grains

The experiment was carried out at Aleksandras Stulgins­kis University in 2015. The goal of the experiment was to set the allelopathic interaction and influence of Rumex crispus seeds (unsoaked and soaked for 168 hours) and ionized water on spring barley grain germination. The following experiment variants with different proportions of barley grains and R. crispus fruits were used: a) control – 30 barley grains; other variants: b) 20 barley grains and 10 R. crispus fruits, c) 15:15 and d) 10:20. During the germination in distilled water, unsoaked R. crispus fruits inhibited the barley grain germination. In alkaline ionized water, unsoaked fruits did not affect the barley grain germination, which amounted to 100%. Soaked Rumex crispus fruits stimulated the germination. The lowest germination energy (83%) and viability (92%) were determined in the case of ratio 20:10. In distilled water, unsoaked fruits increased barley root and coleoptile elongation. The longest roots (140.00 mm) and coleoptiles (108.26 mm) were in the variant 15:15. Soaked fruits increased barley root elongation, but did not have any effect on the coleoptile length. In ionized alkaline water, in the experiment variants 20:10 and 15:15, R. crispus fruits suppressed barley root and coleoptile elongation. In the case of ratio 10:20 barley formed the longest roots and coleoptiles. Soaked fruits increased barley root elongation, especially in the case of ratio 10:20, and coleoptile elongation. R. crispus fruits had no significant effect on the number of roots.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using biofuel ash in the cultivation of spring barley

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Bunevičienė ◽  
Donata Drapanauskaitė ◽  
Romas Mažeika
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Barley Grains ◽  
Additional Mineral

Wood biofuel ash is a complex and heterogeneous mixture of inorganic crystalline and amorphous minerals together with organic matter. Biofuel ash is usually enriched with K, P, Ca and Mg, which are essential macronutrients for plant growth. Currently, a large proportion of biofuel ash is disposed of in landfills. However, ash processed into granular products can be used as a stand-alone or additional mineral fertilizer in agriculture. The aim of the research is to determine the chemical composition of biofuel ash and evaluate its suitability for the production of ash granules; also to evaluate the yield of spring barley grain and straw fertilized with bulk and granular biofuel ash, and the correlation between the yield and the amount of K2O applied by different fertilization products. The experiment was carried out in 2017–2018. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd) and microelements (Zn and Cu) in wood biofuel ash did not exceed the permissible norms, and from them it was possible to produce fertilization products (ash granules) and use them in a vegetation experiment. During the experiment, it was found that the fertilization products significantly (P < 0.05) increased the yield of grown spring barley grains and straw in both years of the study, and the performed correlation regression analysis was positively strong in both years of the study (P < 0.01). The yield of spring barley increased with the increase of K2O content in fertilizer products.

Influence of foliar fertilization of plants with humid preparations on the productivity of spring barley in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
V.Y. Bukhalo ◽  
G.I. Sukhova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Current State ◽  
Growth Stimulant ◽  
Plant Growth Stimulants

The article analyzes the current state and improvement of elements of the technology of growing valuable forage and food crops, spring barley in Ukraine. It is noted that in recent years the area under large crops and the yield of this crop have decreased significantly. It is emphasized that further improvement of technologies should be focused on the transition to more use of biological agents to increase yields. Researchers have shown that the effectiveness of the use of humid preparations GK-6M, GK-4MK, GK-MK - on crops of spring barley Dokuchaivsky 15, due to foliar feeding of plants in the tiller ring phase. The main justification of the article is the results of field research conducted in 2015–2019. Maximum indicators, namely: increase in leaf area by 46–38 %, stem height by 8,3 cm; the number of grains in the ear – 4,8 pieces; ear lengths – 1,9 cm; mass of grain in the ear – 0,33 g; masses of 1000 grains – at 12,0 %; nature of grain – 34,9 g – was obtained by treating plants with humid preparation GK-6M. Foliar feeding of plants in the tiller ring phase with the studied drugs provided the largest increase in the yield of spring barley grain – 1,08 t/ha, provided the use of growth stimulant GK-6M. A slightly smaller effect of foliar fertilization of plants on the yield of spring barley was observed from the growth stimulator GK-4MK – the increase in grain yield was 0,83 t/ha and from the growth stimulant GK-MK – the increase in grain yield – 0,66 t/ha. The obtained increments are significant, mathematically proven. Further improvement of agrotechnologies due to wider use of biological means of increase of productivity and quality of production is offered. Keywords: spring barley, plant growth stimulants, foliar feeding, yield.

scholarly journals Fusarium species and Fusarium mycotoxins in grain of barley in Poland in 2009 and 2010. Short communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Tomasz Góral ◽  
Piotr Ochodzki ◽  
Linda Kærgaard Nielsen ◽  
Dorota Walentyn-Góral
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Fusarium Toxins ◽  
Type B ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Grain samples of spring barley from the 2009 and 2010 harvest were analysed for the content of DNA of Fusarium species and Fusarium toxins (type B trichothecenes). Samples originated from different fields in Radzików, Central Poland. Qualitative and quantitative determination of Fusarium species in the grain was performed using a real-time PCR. Fusarium toxins in the grain were analysed by gas chromatography. Seven Fusarium species were detected in barley grain. The dominating species were F. avenaceum, F. graminearum and F. poae. The presence of F. culmorum, F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides and F. tricinctum was also detected. The concentration of trichothecene toxins in grain (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol) was low. The highest correlation coefficient of deoxynivalenol vs. Fusarium DNA was found for F. graminearum. Regarding nivalenol, the highest correlation coefficient was with F. poae DNA.  

scholarly journals Changes in the Nutrient Composition of Barley Grain (Hordeum vulgare L.) and of Morphological Fractions of Sprouts

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Luis T. Ortiz ◽  
Susana Velasco ◽  
Jesús Treviño ◽  
Beatriz Jiménez ◽  
Almudena Rebolé
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Residual Structure ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Barley Grains ◽  
Green Shoot

The objectives of the current study were (1) to evaluate the effect of sprouting on protein, amino acids, fats, fatty acids, starch, total soluble carbohydrates, and ß-D-glucan content of barley grains and (2) to know the content of these nutrients in the morphological fractions of sprouts: green shoot, residual structure of sprouted grain (RSSG), residual structure of sprouted grain plus unsprouted grain (RSSG plus UG), and root fractions and to determine the proportion of each of these fractions (on fresh and dry basis) in the sprout biomass. Barley grain was sprouted in a commercial germination chamber for a period of 6 days. Raw grain was used as a control. Results showed that crude protein, ether extract, total soluble carbohydrates, and cellulose content increased, whereas starch and ß-D-glucan content decreased in sprouted when compared with the control grain. Amino acid and fatty acid profiles were also affected. Thus, aspartic acid, threonine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, lysine, and tryptophan content increased and only that of glutamic acid decreased after sprouting. Regarding fatty acids, an increase in the relative concentration of C18 : 0 and C18:3n-3 and a decrease in that of C18:1n-9 were detected. Partitioning of sprouted barley into three morphological component fractions showed that the residual structures of sprouted grains plus unsprouted grain fraction made up 82.9% and 93.6% of sprout biomass, on fresh and DM basis, respectively, and the remainder was provided by the root fraction, 10.3% and 3.2%, respectively, and by the green shoot fraction, 6.8% and 3.1%, respectively. The three morphological fractions differed in the content of the most analyzed nutrients.

scholarly journals Effect of GA3 on ribonuclease activity in the embryos and endosperm of spring barley grain in the post-harvest dormancy period

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rejowski
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Ribonuclease Activity ◽  
Internal Factor ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Dormancy Period

The effect of GA<sub>3</sub> on ribonuclease activity in the embryos and endosperm of barley seeds was investigated during dormancy and after its end. Incubation of dormancy grain with GA<sub>3</sub> stimulated its germination, increased the dry weight of the embryos and their protein content. Ribonuclease activity in seeds treated with GA<sub>3</sub> was considerably enhanced. The increase was more rapid and intensive in the embryos than in the endosperm. The action of GA<sub>3</sub> was most effective, particularly as regards the endosperm, on grain which had already passed through the stage of dormancy and had reached physiological maturity. This is evidence that the internal factor regulating the process of dormancy exerts a stronger influence on the activity of ribonuclease than does exogenic giberrellic acid.

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