Análise da mobilidade e da acessibilidade por agrupamento de bairros por meio da sintaxe espacial

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-687
Author(s):  
Cláudio Germano dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Isabel Lausanne Fontgalland
Keyword(s):  
Centre Line

O artigo apresenta o perfil da cidade de Campina Grande – PB sob a ótica da Sintaxe Espacial com fundamento na Teoria da Lógica social do Espaço. Na metodologia adotada, utilizou-se o modelo que parte da elaboração do mapa Road Centre Line – RCL que serviu de base para a obtenção da Análise Angular de Segmentos, via softwares Depthmap® e QGIS 2.14, geradores das medidas sintáticas apresentadas nos resultados. Os objetivos propostos no presente estudos foram alcançados, pois os resultados obtidos demonstram que na cidade coexistem espaços com características orgânicas e planejadas, o que reflete aspectos socioculturais de ocupação e povoamento da cidade ao longo de sua formação predominantemente heterogenia. Quanto à forma urbana percebe-se uma configuração composta por um núcleo integrador, situado no centro urbano. No que refere-se às medidas encontradas, têm-se os valores médios obtidos do NAIN (1,007), do NACH (0,911) e do INCH (12.213) para a cidade como um todo. Na análise por bairros identificou-se que 56% do conjunto urbano apresentam um NAIN médio acima do índice mínimo do intervalo inferior (1,00 - 1,67); 94% estão acima do NACH mínimo do intervalor inferior (0,8 – 1,4); e 46% acima INCH médio encontrado para toda a cidade. Sendo assim, concluiu-se que as regiões centrais parecem apresentar, de acordo com os dados obtidos, uma configuração mais favorável à mobilidade e à acessibilidade, tendo nos bairros periféricos aspectos segregacionistas que podem explicar a restrição de movimento dos indivíduos quanto ao acesso de bens e serviços na urbe. Diante desse mapeamento é possível para os planejadores urbanos direcionar novos estudos nessas regiões que demandam maior necessidade de intervenção para melhoria e integração urbanística na malha urbana local.

scholarly journals How long is a curved beam?

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Line Length ◽  
Curved Beam ◽  
Centre Line

For a straight or thin curved beam, the expression for strain energy due to bending is U = M2 L/(2EI); for this to be applicable to a thick curved beam, the requisite length is slightly greater than the centre-line length.

scholarly journals New technique for centre line segregation measurement in steel slabs

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.-F. Sancho ◽  
A.-M. Díaz ◽  
J.-A. Sirgo
Keyword(s):  
New Technique ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Steel Slabs ◽  
Segregation Measurement

scholarly journals 3. Note on a New Form of Galvanometer

1884 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 594-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Blyth
Keyword(s):  
Copper Wire ◽  
Silk Fibre ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
New Form ◽  
Magnetic Meridian ◽  
Rectangular Groove

This instrument consists of a close spiral of insulated copper wire bent into the form of an anchor ring, so as to form an endless solenoid. The spiral is placed in a rectangular groove turned on the edge of a wooden or brass ring of suitable thickness and diameter. Short lengths of wire at both ends of the copper spiral are left straight. These, after being well insulated, are twisted together and led to two terminals, which serve as electrodes. The ring containing the spiral is fixed on a base board with its plane vertical, and at right angles to the magnetic meridian, when the instrument is in use. A short magnet, rigidly attached at right angles to the lower end of a stiff wire, is suspended from a silk fibre, so that its centre is in the circular centre line of the anchor ring.

scholarly journals Stress distribution in a rectangular plate having two opposing edges sheared in opposite directions

1923 ◽  
Vol 103 (723) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Rectangular Plate ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
External Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Distribution Of Stress

The type of deformation under investigation is indicated by fig. 1. A rectangular plate ABCD is deformed into the shape A'B'C'D'. The two opposing edges AB, CD are shifted horizontally without alteration of length into the position A'B', C'D', the other boundaries AD, BC being kept free from external stress. In a paper which appeared in the 'Proc. Royal Society', December 28, 1911, Prof. E. G. Coker investigated this same type of deformation using optical methods to determine the distribution of stress along the centre line OX. He found that if the plate was square the shear stress along OX was distributed in a munner which was approximately parabolic. As the ratio of AD to AB decreased the curve of distribution first of all became flat-topped, and for yet smaller ratios two distinct humps made their appearance.

Mid Thickness Delayed Cracking of Z-Quality Offshore Steel

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig Gra˚berg ◽  
Lars Volden ◽  
Anthonius Johannes Paauw
Keyword(s):  
Thick Plate ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Manganese Sulfide ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Tensile Specimen ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Delayed Cracking ◽  
Ductile Behavior

During fabrication of a steel structure for an offshore modification project, delayed cracking was experienced in the mid plane or centre line of a 30 mm thick plate. The plate was part of a restraint box frame where 25 mm plates were welded to this 30 mm plate on both plate-surfaces. The applied 30 mm plate was a higher strength offshore steel (EN10225-S420 G2+M), with special through thickness properties and enhanced chemical composition as defined in material data sheet MDS Y30 of NORSOK M-120. Fracture mechanical testing including KV and CTOD in the mid plane confirmed that a very low toughness was present here with a brittle fracture type (cleavage). The plate was manufactured by the continuous casting process which due to centre line segregation resulted in high levels of manganese sulfide inclusions but also niobium carbides/nitrides. The plate manufacturer considered the documented toughness level as expected. Similar testing was performed on a 30 mm plate also delivered to the same material specification but of which the material certificate revealed a 10 times lower sulfur and phosphorus content indicating a much higher steel refinement. A significant higher toughness was obtained for this steel with high ductile behavior. Both steels showed a similar through thickness ductility, measured elongation for the through thickness tensile specimen, which implies that this property does not guaranty for the observed material behavior.

scholarly journals The Flow of a Glacier in a Channel of Rectangular, Elliptic or Parabolic Cross-Section

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 661-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Nye
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Channel Section ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Symmetry Principles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Law

AbstractNumerical solutions are found for the steady rectilinear flow of ice, obeying Glen’s non-linear flow law, down uniform cylindrical channels of rectangular, semi-elliptic and parabolic cross-section. The results are also directly applicable to the pumping of a non-Newtonian fluid down a pipe. There is assumed to be no slip of the ice on the channel surface. Certain results on the centre-line velocity in symmetrical channels may be derived purely from dimensional and symmetry principles. An analytical solution due to Dr. W. Chester is given for a semi-elliptic channel section which departs only slightly from a semi-circle. Contrary to a view sometimes held, the maximum shear stress at the ice surface in a parabolic channel and in some elliptical channels does not always occur at the edge. With the flow law, strain-rate proportional to (stress)3, the velocity averaged across the ice surface, which is easily measured with a line of stakes, is close to the average velocity over the whole section for a wide range of parabolic sections; the hydrological importance of this result is that the discharge may be inferred without the need to measure the velocity at depth. Arguments are given to show that the result still holds when there is slipping on the bed and when the power in the flow law differs somewhat from 3, Depending on the amount of bed slip and the shape of the channel section, the kinematic wave velocity for a range of parabolic channels is between 2.0 and 2.3 times the centre-line velocity of the ice, and between 2.0 and 3.5 times the mean surface velocity of the ice.

Steady flow in rapidly rotating variable-area rectangular ducts. Part 2. Small divergences

1977 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Calderon ◽  
J. S. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Viscous Fluid ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
Successive Stage ◽  
Incompressible Viscous Fluid ◽  
Rectangular Duct ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Ekman Number ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
The Relationship

This paper treats the steady inertialess flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through an infinite rectangular duct rotating rapidly about an axis (the y axis) perpendicular to its centre-line (the x axis). The prototype considered has parallel sides at z = ± 1 for all x, parallel top and bottom at y = ± a for x < 0 and straight diverging top and bottom at y = ± (a + bx) for x > 0. An earlier paper (Walker 1975) presented solutions for b = ±(1), for which the flow in the diverging part (x > 0) is carried by a thin, highvelocity sheet jet adjacent to the side at z = 1, the flow elsewhere in this part being essentially stagnant. The present paper considers the evolution of the flow as the divergence decreases from O(1) to zero, the flow being fully developed for b = 0. This evolution involves four intermediate stages depending upon the relationship between b and E, the (small) Ekman number. In each successive stage, the flow-carrying side layer in the diverging part becomes thicker, until in the fourth stage, it spans the duct, so that none of the fluid is stagnant.

scholarly journals The ‘W’ Prawn-Trawl with Emphasised Drag-Force Transfer to Its Centre Line to Reduce Overall System Drag

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0119622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheslav Balash ◽  
David Sterling ◽  
Jonathan Binns ◽  
Giles Thomas ◽  
Neil Bose
Keyword(s):  
Drag Force ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Force Transfer

Prehistoric Remains in South-Western Asia Minor.—II

1912 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Ormerod
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village

The village of Senirdje is situated some 15 km. to the N.N.W. of Isbarta (Baris), in northern Pisidia, in a gap in the hills dividing the plain of Isbarta from the plain of Ketchiborlu, through which the line of the railway-extension from Ketchiborlu to Egerdir now passes. Close to the village is a low, flat mound, in marshy ground, which, when I visited it in 1911, was entirely flooded owing to the severity of the previous winter. The mound, the northern part of which is traversed by the railway-cutting, rises to a height of 13 feet above the level of the plain, and 11 ft. 6 in. above the rail, at a point 150 feet to the right of the centre-line. The top of the northern bank of the cutting is about five feet above the rail, the southern bank about 9 feet. Some 18 inches down to the level of the plain remain unexcavated.

Enabling technologies for a centre-line tiltrotor

2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (1190) ◽  
pp. 389-414
Author(s):  
B. Burrage
Keyword(s):  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Propulsive Efficiency ◽  
Landing Zone ◽  
Centre Line ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Rotor Disk ◽  
Wing Tips

Abstract The success of the MV-22 Osprey has created the opportunity for a new design of gunship, tailored to the task of escorting it, an opportunity identified by many. Existing and emerging rotorcraft technology does not appear to have the complete capability, so this centre-line tiltrotor approach is aimed specifically at the escort duty. The mission is taken to be escorting the MV-22 throughout a land assault (Marine Corps), to provide cover while the MV-22 is on the ground at the landing zone, and to still have useful capacity for diversions. To meet this task this Escort concept stays with the same core physics of tilting rotors plus fixed wings of the Osprey, but re-configured for gunship duties. The rotors are removed from the wing tips to mount them on the aircraft centre-line as inter-meshing rotors tilting back one-at-a-time, to act as pusher props in the aeroplane mode. The merits and concerns of this approach are discussed. The study first reviews present tiltrotor technology and how that may develop. It then reviews what may be achievable from the centre-line tiltrotor configuration, the targets needed in key design parameters and design sensitivities, defining what the enabling technologies must achieve for the Escort. In hover, key areas are rotor disk loading and figure of merit, and also the rotor blockage caused by the fuselage and wings. In winged flight, the proprotor propulsive efficiency and the aircraft lift-over-drag are key, and fundamental to the feasibility of any tiltrotor concept, there is the all important transition process. At this conceptual stage of the Escort, the transition process stands out as the dominant risk, and one that touches on all the others, so it was decided to build and flight test a model. The flight test programme plans are described and initial flight results reported.

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