scholarly journals Anatomical characterization of wood for identification of the Tachigali Aubl. species

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
João Fideles de Brito Junior ◽  
Marta Silvana Volpato Sccoti ◽  
Scheila Cristina Biazatti ◽  
Bárbara Luísa Corradi Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
The Core ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Main Attribute

In the Amazon many forest species present problems of identification and obtaining botanical material with reproductive structures is not always possible. The macro and microscopic characteristics of the wood of three species of the genus Tachigali Aubl were analyzed in order to determine basic differences among the species. The collection of material was carried at the Forest Management Unit III, in the Flona do Jamari (Jamari National Forest), where we selected arboreal individuals from the species Tachigali poeppigiana Tul., Tachigali setifera (Ducke) Zarucchi & Herend and Tachigali subvelutina (Benth.) Oliveira-Filho, commonly known in Brazil as Tachi Preto (Black Tachi), Tachi Vermelho (Red Tachi) and Tachi Amarelo (Yellow Tachi), respectively, in which the coloring of the core is the main attribute for assigning their vernacular name. Heartwood samples were collected for the making of the specimens. The axial parenchyma was vasicentric and unilateral for T. poeppigiana and T. setifera, and unilateral and sparse for T. subvelutina. Pores were classified as medium and large for T. setifera and T. poeppigiana and very uncommon for T. subvelutina; however, they are medium and very uncommon for the three species. All species showed uniseriate, non-stratified and homogeneous rays. We concluded there are anatomical characteristics that allow the differentiation of the species from the genus Tachigali, which may be used to assist in forest management plans, as well as the surveillance system.

scholarly journals Forest pests and their management in the Anthropocene

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Ayres ◽  
María J. Lombardero
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Pest ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
The Core ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Forest Pest Management ◽  
Management Plans

Forest managers are facing unprecedented challenges from rapid changes in forest pests. The core causes are changes in climate, land use, and global distributions of organisms. Due to invasions and range expansions by pests, and propagation of nonnative trees, managers are increasingly confronted with pest problems outside their range of experience. There is a need to adapt pest management practices more quickly and efficiently than is possible when managers work in isolation and mainly learn by trial and error. Here we identify general tactics for adaptation of forest pest management in the Anthropocene: growth and application of practical theory; improved biosecurity against future invasions; improved monitoring, prediction, and mitigation; increased sharing of knowledge among regions, countries, and continents; management plans that anticipate continuing change; improved assessment of costs, benefits, and risks of possible responses to new potential pests; assessment of system responses to pest management decisions so that subsequent decisions are increasingly better informed; and improved understanding of the couplings between forests, forest management, and socioeconomic systems. Examples of success in forest management can aid in other sectors (e.g., agriculture, pastoralism, fisheries, and water resources) that are similarly important to our environmental security and similarly challenged by global change.

A GIS-BASED DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT PLANS IN TURKEY

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 929-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Sivrikaya ◽  
Emin Zeki Baskent ◽  
Ugur Sevik ◽  
Caner Akgul ◽  
Ali Ihsan Kadiogullari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Management Plans

Steigende Bestandszahlen bei Spechten und anderen Vogelarten dank Zunahme von Totholz? | An increase in the population of woodpeckers and other bird species thanks to an increase in the quantities of deadwood?

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (11) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Mollet ◽  
Niklaus Zbinden ◽  
Hans Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Willow Tit ◽  
Middle Spotted Woodpecker ◽  
Important Habitat

Results from the monitoring programs of the Swiss Ornithological Institute show that the breeding populations of several forest species for which deadwood is an important habitat element (black woodpecker, great spotted woodpecker, middle spotted woodpecker, lesser spotted woodpecker, green woodpecker, three-toed woodpecker as well as crested tit, willow tit and Eurasian tree creeper) have increased in the period 1990 to 2008, although not to the same extent in all species. At the same time the white-backed woodpecker extended its range in eastern Switzerland. The Swiss National Forest Inventory shows an increase in the amount of deadwood in forests for the same period. For all the mentioned species, with the exception of green and middle spotted woodpecker, the growing availability of deadwood is likely to be the most important factor explaining this population increase.

scholarly journals A multi-purpose National Forest Inventory in Bangladesh: design, operationalisation and key results

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matieu Henry ◽  
Zaheer Iqbal ◽  
Kristofer Johnson ◽  
Mariam Akhter ◽  
Liam Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Land Cover Map

Abstract Background National forest inventory and forest monitoring systems are more important than ever considering continued global degradation of trees and forests. These systems are especially important in a country like Bangladesh, which is characterised by a large population density, climate change vulnerability and dependence on natural resources. With the aim of supporting the Government’s actions towards sustainable forest management through reliable information, the Bangladesh Forest Inventory (BFI) was designed and implemented through three components: biophysical inventory, socio-economic survey and remote sensing-based land cover mapping. This article documents the approach undertaken by the Forest Department under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change to establish the BFI as a multipurpose, efficient, accurate and replicable national forest assessment. The design, operationalization and some key results of the process are presented. Methods The BFI takes advantage of the latest and most well-accepted technological and methodological approaches. Importantly, it was designed through a collaborative process which drew from the experience and knowledge of multiple national and international entities. Overall, 1781 field plots were visited, 6400 households were surveyed, and a national land cover map for the year 2015 was produced. Innovative technological enhancements include a semi-automated segmentation approach for developing the wall-to-wall land cover map, an object-based national land characterisation system, consistent estimates between sample-based and mapped land cover areas, use of mobile apps for tree species identification and data collection, and use of differential global positioning system for referencing plot centres. Results Seven criteria, and multiple associated indicators, were developed for monitoring progress towards sustainable forest management goals, informing management decisions, and national and international reporting needs. A wide range of biophysical and socioeconomic data were collected, and in some cases integrated, for estimating the indicators. Conclusions The BFI is a new information source tool for helping guide Bangladesh towards a sustainable future. Reliable information on the status of tree and forest resources, as well as land use, empowers evidence-based decision making across multiple stakeholders and at different levels for protecting natural resources. The integrated socio-economic data collected provides information about the interactions between people and their tree and forest resources, and the valuation of ecosystem services. The BFI is designed to be a permanent assessment of these resources, and future data collection will enable monitoring of trends against the current baseline. However, additional institutional support as well as continuation of collaboration among national partners is crucial for sustaining the BFI process in future.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant in travellers from the United Kingdom to India: VUI-202012/01 of the B.1.1.7 lineage

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya D Yadav ◽  
Dimpal A Nyayanit ◽  
Rima R Sahay ◽  
Prasad Sarkale ◽  
Jayshri Pethani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
New Variant ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Local Transmission

We have isolated the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 variant of concern 202 012/01 from the positive coronavirus disease 2019 cases that travelled from the UK to India in the month of December 2020. This emphasizes the need for the strengthened surveillance system to limit the local transmission of this new variant.

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Characterization of the Romaine Lettuce Phylloplane Mycobiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Danny Haelewaters ◽  
Hector Urbina ◽  
Samuel Brown ◽  
Shannon Newerth-Henson ◽  
M. Catherine Aime
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
American Agriculture

Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an important staple of American agriculture. Unlike many vegetables, romaine lettuce is typically consumed raw. Phylloplane microbes occur naturally on plant leaves; consumption of uncooked leaves includes consumption of phylloplane microbes. Despite this fact, the microbes that naturally occur on produce such as romaine lettuce are for the most part uncharacterized. In this study, we conducted culture-based studies of the fungal romaine lettuce phylloplane community from organic and conventionally grown samples. In addition to an enumeration of all such microbes, we define and provide a discussion of the genera that form the “core” romaine lettuce mycobiome, which represent 85.5% of all obtained isolates: Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Filobasidium, Naganishia, Papiliotrema, Rhodotorula, Sampaiozyma, Sporobolomyces, Symmetrospora and Vishniacozyma. We highlight the need for additional mycological expertise in that 23% of species in these core genera appear to be new to science and resolve some taxonomic issues we encountered during our work with new combinations for Aureobasidiumbupleuri and Curvibasidium nothofagi. Finally, our work lays the ground for future studies that seek to understand the effect these communities may have on preventing or facilitating establishment of exogenous microbes, such as food spoilage microbes and plant or human pathogens.

History of forestry and forest management

1975 ◽  
Vol 271 (911) ◽  
pp. 69-80 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Private Landowners ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Land Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Britain possesses a forest area which is one of the smallest in Europe in relation to its population and land area. In the past, forests have been felled to make way for farming and to supply timber for ships, houses, fuel and metal smelting. Timber was a key to sea power, and repeatedly the availability of home timber supplies has proved crucial in time of war. The nation’s dwindling reserves of timber have been a source of anxiety since Tudor times and periodic surges of planting for timber production by private landowners took place until about 1850. Thereafter, interest faded with the advent of the iron ship, the Industrial Revolution and the availability of cheap timber imports. Govern­ ment activity was minimal until a national forest authority was formed in 1919 to create a strategic timber reserve. Since 1958 there have been frequent policy reviews to assess the changing needs of the nation for timber and the new values associated with the social and environmental benefits of forests.

Forest fuel management for wildfire prevention in Spain: a quantitative SWOT analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Marino ◽  
Carmen Hernando ◽  
Rosa Planelles ◽  
Javier Madrigal ◽  
Mercedes Guijarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Fuel Management ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Forest Fuel ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Additional Funding

Spain is one of the Mediterranean countries most severely affected by wildfires during the last 30 years, despite enhanced fire suppression efforts. At present, forest area is increasing more in Spain than in any other European country, and also has one of the highest densities of fire ignitions. However, forest management plans have been developed for only 13% of Spanish forest areas. The objective of the present study was to assess the role of forest fuel management for wildfire prevention in Spain. Different fuel management techniques, including mechanical treatments, prescribed burning and controlled grazing, were considered. A quantitative SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis was performed, based on a thorough documentation review and on the opinions of forest fire experts. Results enabled the identification of obstacles that hinder the implementation of effective fuel management, and suggested strategic recommendations to overcome them. New opportunities related to rural development activities (e.g. promotion of ‘FIRESMART’ products) would be highly relevant in fire-prone forest areas. These opportunities should provide additional funding for sustainable forest management and could foster fuel management activities that would directly involve and benefit rural populations.

Contrasting effects of fire on populations of two small rodent species in fragments of Atlantic Forest in Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos de Souza Lima Figueiredo ◽  
Fernando Antonio dos Santos Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Small Rodent ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
The Core ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

Habitat fragmentation causes a sharp increase in the forested area affected by edge effects (Murcia 1995). Compared with the core of the forest, edges present higher litterfall rates, air and soil humidity reduction, higher temperature and increased wind incidence (Bierregaard et al. 1992, Didham & Lawton 1999, Laurance et al. 1998, Matlack 1993). These features of edges may increase the probability of fire occurrence, especially if the surrounding vegetation is composed of grasses (D'Antonio & Vitousek 1992, Freifelder et al. 1998). After a fire, the damaged edge will grow substantial amounts of herbaceous vegetation, extending the inflammable area into the forest, and thereby creating a positive feedback system of fire susceptibility and intensity (Cochrane & Schulze 1999, Cochrane et al. 1999). Fires may affect the structure and composition of the vegetation (Cochrane & Schulze 1999, Didham & Lawton 1999, Sanaiotti & Magnusson 1995), favouring, in the long-term, the dominance of the community by species characteristic of disturbed habitats and making the habitat unsuitable to primary forest species (Malcolm 1994, Possingham et al. 1994). Unfortunately, there are few studies on the effects of fires on neotropical small-mammal populations (Borchert & Hansen 1983, Ojeda 1989, Vieira & Marinho-Filho 1998). The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of a fire on populations of two rodent species, Akodon cursor (Winge) and Oecomys concolor (Wagner) in two fragments of Atlantic Forest in Brazil.

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