scholarly journals Reflexiones en torno a las fuentes orales. Historia y memoria en los relatos sobre migración italiana en Ecuador (XIX-XX).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Pagnotta
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Control Individual ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Desde hace algunos años, en la comunidad académica, se afirmó la idea de que las fuentes orales ofrecen una interesante clave de lectura acerca de las interpretaciones, los sentidos y la relectura de los acontecimientos vividos por parte de sus protagonistas. Al mismo tiempo, se postuló que las fuentes orales están sujetas a una cierta forma de subjetividad y (auto) censura determinada por un control individual, colectivo o social sobre la fuente misma. En la parte inicial del texto, me propongo detallar las particularidades de las fuentes orales, en cuanto fuentes producidas a partir del encuentro entre investigador y testimonio del evento. En la segunda parte, pretendo ofrecer una reflexión acerca de la relación entre la historia y la trasmisión de la memoria, a partir de los relatos de los descendientes de los italianos que emigraron a Ecuador en el siglo XIX y finalmente me centraré en mostrar cómo algunos acontecimientos históricos son reelaborados, reinterpretados e inclusive olvidados por los protagonistas de la migración través del filtro de la memoria que cambia con el tiempo. Una fuente importante para este trabajo son los relatos de los inmigrantes italianos y sus descendientes recopilados en Ecuador entre 2010 y 2015. It is some years, inside the academic community, that it is emerged the idea that oral sources offer an interesting key about the interpretations, the feelings and the reworking of the lived events by their own protagonists. At the same time, it has been postulated that oral sources are subject to a certain form of subjectivity and (self) censorship, determined by individual, collective or social control over the source itself. In the initial part of the text, I propose to detail the particularities of oral sources, as the product of the encounter between the researcher and the witness of the event. In the second part, I intend to offer a reflection on the relationship between history and the transmission of memory, based on the stories of the Italians' descendants who emigrated to Ecuador in the 19th century. Finally, I will focus on showing how the filter of memory, that changes over time, re-elaborates, reinterprets and even forgot some historical events. An important source for this work are the stories of Italian immigrants and their descendants collected in Ecuador between 2010 and 2015.

scholarly journals Unconventional Views of Racial Brains in the 19th Century

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Pogliano
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this article two protagonists of nineteenth-century anthropological culture, Samuel George Morton and Paul Broca, are presented as the embodiment of mainstream stances on the relationship between brain and race. More or less close to their successful raciological tenets, a host of other names might be recalled. However, the main purpose here is to point out some ‘deviant’ opinions that challenged the scientific common sense of an epoch, starting with the nigrophilie expressed by the abbé Grégoire early in the century, to then discuss the cautious ‘egalitarianism’ professed by James Cowles Prichard and William Hamilton or the more explicit view sustained, over time, by Friedrich Tiedemann and Luigi Calori. Their focus was the influence of the brain – its shape, volume, and weight – on intellectual and moral manifestations: a tormented issue that for decades was addressed in different ways and with outcomes that always proved inconclusive.

ESCALAS DE PODER: grupos polá­ticos no Maranhão oitocentista e sua relação com a Corte do Império

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (27) ◽  
pp. 141-161
Author(s):  
YURI COSTA
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
Political Factions ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Political Groups

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as nuances da relação entre as elites polá­ticas do Maranhão imperial e a Corte instalada no Centro-Sul do paá­s, buscando entender algumas das estratégias utilizadas para que esse tenso relacionamento respeitasse os interesses da Coroa sem deixar de dar vazão a anseios dos grupos polá­ticos locais. Busco, ainda, investigar o cenário polá­tico maranhense da segunda metade do século XIX, que testemunhou uma maior estabilidade no embate entre as facções polá­ticas da prová­ncia, organizadas em torno de dois principais partidos: o Conservador e o Liberal.Palavras-chave:  Maranhão. Século XIX. Grupos polá­ticos. Corte imperial.  SCALES OF POWER:  political groups in Maranhão of nineteenth century and their relationship with the Court of the EmpireAbstract:  the aim of this article is to analyze the nuances of the relationship between the political elites of Maranhão and the Court installed in the Center-South of Brazil, seeking to understand some of the strategies used for this tense relationship complied with the interests of the Crown without help give vent to the desires of the local political groups. I also seek to investigate the political scenario of Maranhão from the second half of the 19th century, which witnessed greater stability in the clash between the political factions in the province, organized around two main parties: the Conservative and the Liberal.Keywords:  Maranhão. The 19th Century. Political groups. Imperial court.  ESCALAS DE PODER: los grupos polá­ticos en Maranhão en el siglo XIX y su relación con la corte del ImperioResumen:  El objetivo de este artá­culo es analizar los matices de la relación entre las élites polá­ticas de Maranhão y la Corte instalada en el Centro-Sur de Brasil, tratando de entender algunas de las estrategias utilizadas para que esta relación tensa respetara los intereses de la Corona sin dejar de dar flujo a los anhelos de los grupos polá­ticos locales. Busco también investigar el escenario polá­tico de Maranhão de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, que ha atestiguado una mayor estabilidad en el enfrentamiento entre las facciones polá­ticas de la provincia, organizadas alrededor de dos principales partidos: el Conservador y el Liberal.Palabras clave: Maranhão. El siglo XIX. Grupos polá­ticos. Corte Imperial.

scholarly journals El Banco de Santander, 1857-1934: las particularidades de un banco local

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Andrés Hoyo Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Over Time

Este artículo tiene por objetivo identificar las razones que pueden explicar cómo un modesto banco local, fundado por un grupo de comerciantes que desempeñaban su actividad en el puerto de Santander en los años centrales del siglo XIX, pudo mantenerse en el tiempo hasta, avanzado ya el siglo XX, lograr estar en condiciones de entrar a formar parte en el selecto club de los “siete grandes” de la banca española. Se concluye que fueron los fuertes vínculos familiares y de amistad instrumental entre sus gestores, junto con el diseño de una política financiera con marcada aversión al riesgo, y el talante proteccionista, los que conforman los tres principales rasgos a tener en consideración para explicar el porqué de su longevidad y prolongado acomodo al ámbito de lo local a lo largo del periodo considerado. Estos rasgos caracterizadores empezaron a perfilarse ya en sus orígenes como banco emisor. This paper aims to identify the reasons can help us to explain how a modest local bank, founded by a group of merchants that carried out their activity in the port of Santander in the central years of the 19th century, was able to sustain over time until joining the select club of the “big seven” of Spanish banking. It is concluded that three distinctive features should take into account in order to explain its longevity and prolonged accommodation to the local sphere throughout this long period: the strong family ties and instrumental friendship between its managers, the design of a financial policy with marked risk aversion and a protectionist attitude, against all competition. These distinctive features began to emerge in its very origins as an issuing bank.

scholarly journals Apropiación y uso del territorio en la colonización campesina en el suroccidente del departamento de Cundinamarca en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Alejandra Caicedo Vargas
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Political Configuration ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

ResumenEl presente artículo expone de manera concisa el resultado de una investigación monográfica cuyo problema de investigación fue cómo los campesinos colonos se relacionaron con el territorio en la colonización campesina en el Suroccidente del departamento de Cundinamarca en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. A partir del análisis de esta relación en términos de apropiación y uso del territorio,se identificó y describió, en primer lugar, cómo estaba constituido el territorio del Suroccidente del departamento de Cundinamarca en el periodo mencionado, desde la configuración políticoadministrativa y de los dos principales caminos que articularon la región; y en segundo lugar, los mecanismos por los cuales los campesinos colonos se apropiaron y usaron el territorio. Palabras clave: Uso, apropiación, territorio, región, campesino colono, colonización********************************************************************Appropriation and use of territory in the countrymen colonization of the southwestern region of the departament of Cundinamarca in the second half of the 19th century AbstractThe current article presents in a concise manner the results of a monographic research in which the research problem was how colonizing countrypeople related to the territory in the peasant colonization of the southwestern region of the Departamento de Cundinamarca in the second half of the 19th Century. Based on the analysis of the relationship between appropriation and use of the territory, firstly the territory of the southwestern region of the Departamento de Cundinamarca was identified and described from the perspective of its social and political configuration, as well as from that of the main roads that articulated the region, and secondly, the mechanisms through which peasants got appropriated of the territory and the use they did of it were identified and described.Key words: Use, appropriation, territory, region, colonizing peasant, colonization********************************************************************Apropriação e uso do território na colonização campesina no sul ocidente do departamento de Cundinamarca na segunda metade do século XIXResumoO presente artigo apresenta de maneira concisa o resultado de uma investigação monográfica, cujo problema de investigação foi como os camponeses colonos se relacionaram com o território na colonização camponesa no sul ocidente do departamento de Cundinamarca na segunda metade do século XIX. Partindo da análise desta relação, em termos de apropriação e uso do território, se identificou e descreveu, em primeiro lugar, como estava constituído o território do sul ocidente do Departamento de Cundinamarca no período mencionado, desde a configuração político-administrativa e dos principais caminhos que articularam a região; e, em segundo lugar, os mecanismos pelos quais os camponeses colonos se apropriaram e usaram o território.Palavras chave: Uso, apropriação, território, região, camponês colono, colonização

Besondere Affinitäten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Monjau
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Gustave Flaubert ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ian Mcewan ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Interspecies intercourse between humans and simians has been the subject of numerous texts by various authors of Western literature since the 19th century. From Gustave Flaubert to Ian McEwan to Peter Høeg – analyzing nine texts overall, the author addresses an extraordinary and thus far mostly disregarded motif's cultural and literary historical backgrounds. In the process, she does not only examine the relationship between humans and simians and the way it changed over time, but also elaborates on the topical relevance for Animal, Gender, Queer and Women's Studies, as well as for the social discourse with regard to race and ethnicity.

The Germans and their Jewish Neighbors on the Ukrainian Areas at the Second Half of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
D. Meshkov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
South West ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents some of the author’s research results that has got while elaboration of the theme “Everyday life in the mirror of conflicts: Germans and their neighbors on the Southern and South-West periphery of the Russian Empire 1861–1914”. The relationship between Germans and Jews is studied in the context of the growing confrontation in Southern cities that resulted in a wave of pogroms. Sources are information provided by the police and court archival funds. The German colonists Ludwig Koenig and Alexandra Kirchner (the resident of Odessa) were involved into Odessa pogrom (1871), in particular. While Koenig with other rioters was arrested by the police, Kirchner led a crowd of rioters to the shop of her Jewish neighbor, whom she had a conflict with. The second part of the article is devoted to the analyses of unty-Jewish violence causes and history in Ak-Kerman at the second half of the 19th and early years of 20th centuries. Akkerman was one of the southern Bessarabia cities, where multiethnic population, including the Jews, grew rapidly. It was one of the reasons of the pogroms in 1865 and 1905. The author uses criminal cases` papers to analyze the reasons of the Germans participation in the civilian squads that had been organized to protect the population and their property in Ackerman and Shabo in 1905.

Byelorussian Nationalism and Western Russianism: the Problem of Confrontation

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the relationship between Western Russianism (Zapadnorusizm) and Byelorussian nationalism. Byelorussian nationalism is much younger than Western Russianism, finally shaping only in the end of the 19th century. Before 1917 revolution Byelorussian nationalism could not compete with Western Russianism. The national policy of the Bolsheviks contributed to the decline of Western Russianism and helped Byelorussian nationalism to gain stronger positions. However, Byelorussian nationalists actively cooperated with the occupation authorities during the Great Patriotic war. That caused distinctly negative attitude of Byelorussians towards the movement and collaborators. Currently, Byelorussian nationalism is supported both by the opposition and by the government. Western Russianism has no political representation, but is supported by the majority of Byelorussian population.

Contraste, Dissonanzen, Missklänge: Zum Verhältnis von Idylle und Tourismus in literarischen Schweiz-Reisen des 19. Jahrhunderts (Ida Hahn-Hahn, Hans Christian Andersen)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Christian Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hans Christian Andersen ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The discrepancy between common temporary expectations of Switzerland as idyll on the one hand, and the reality of its industrially organized tourism on the other, imposes irritations upon the touristic gaze. This article, then, traces the origins of this discrepancy and examines the relationship between Swiss idyll and tourism in the 19th century. The analyses of Ida Hahn-Hahn’s Eine Idylle and Hans Christian Andersen’s Iisjomfruen showcase different ways of relating idyll and tourism to one another as well as the aesthetic merit produced by this constellation.

Durkheim y Freud: Autoridad disciplinaria, Individuo y Neurosis. / Durkheim and Freud: Disciplinary Authority, Individual and Neurosis.

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 45-67
Author(s):  
Nelson Beyer
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Form ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The Relationship

Se presentan en este artículo los vínculos existentes entre el concepto de autoridad disciplinaria y el concepto de neurosis, a partir de un examen de los procesos de individuación asociados a dicho entrecruzamiento. Interrogar por el tipo de individuo que se fabrica en una determinada forma social, permite situar el análisis simultáneamente en el doble registro de lo psíquico y lo histórico. En este sentido, las “neurosis freudianas” favorecen la identificación de los contornos del “individuo disciplinario” que surgió durante el siglo XIX en Europa. This paper analyzes the relationship between the concepts of disciplinary authority and neurosis by paying attention to the process of individuation. The study of the type of individual produced in a specific social form allows situating the analysis simultaneously on a psychic and historic level. In this regard, we will argue that the concept of neurosis developed by Freud might be seen as a path to identify the contours of the “disciplinary individual” that emerged during the European 19th Century.

Tenses in 19th-century Dutch sentence-grammar

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
J. A. Le Loux-Schuringa
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
One To One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Summary In this paper some theories on tenses are described. These theories appeared in the Netherlands in the first half of the 19th century. The purpose is not just describing the different tense-systems of P. Weiland (1805), W. Bilderdijk (1826), W. G. Brill (1846) and L. A. te Winkel (1866). In the first half of the 19th century some fundamental changes took place. It is shown that these changes are based upon continuity of research of time and tense in the Dutch tradition. This continuity is found on three levels: (a) The research was concentrated on the verbal forms, no other information from the sentence was used. (b) The grammarians took the relationship between linguistic forms and logical categories as a one-to-one relation. (c) The morphological form of the Dutch language determined the grammatical representation of the tense-systems more and more.

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