SPECIFICITY OF CHANGE IN SORPTION CAPACITY OF FLAX FIBER UNDER REGULABLE BIO-CATALYTICAL DESTRUCTION OF NEUTRAL CARBOHYDRATES

Evaluation of the nano sizes of hydrosols from homogeneous cellulosic and industrial products was made using dynamic light scattering method. The influence of the size of the globule of protein catalysts and the duration of their action on the roving of carded flax fiber was compared. The correlation between the change in the equilibrium absorption of sorption marker (methylene blue) and residual content in the fiber of hemicelluloses was monitored. On the basis of a comparative analysis of the efficiency of biocatalysts in industrial homogeneous and cellulosic preparations it was revealed that globule size influences on the efficiency of sorption properties of flax fibers. The use of homogeneous enzymes with differing sized parameters has allowed isolating the contribution of the target enzymatic modification as in the microfibrillar structure of elementary fibers and for modification the hemicelluloses in the binding substance fixing the elementary fibers in the bast bundles (the linen fibrous complexes). The principles of selection of biocatalysts to increase sorption capacity in flax fiber sorbents were revealed. It was found that the sorption capacity of flax fiber sorbents increases due to the development of mezopore space in elementary fibres and regulable amorphization of interfiber binders in the structure of the linen complex. The research revealed that the the amorphization of flax fiber took place only when the cellulases was used. The size of their globules enables the penetration of these enzymes into mesopores of elementary flax fibres. It was established experimentally that the presence of large isoforms of cellulases or hemicellulases can promote as the development of the internal volume into the fibre binders and also conservation the permissible level of reduction of the hemicelluloses amount in flax fibres is not less than 10 mass.%.Forcitation:Aleeva S.V., Lepilova O.V., Kurzanova P.Yu., Koksharov S.A. Specificity of change in sorption capacity of flax fiber under regulable bio-catalytical destruction of neutral carbohydrates. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 2. P. 80-85

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Nanostructural Biochemical Modification Of Flax Fiber In The Processes Of Its Preparation For Spinning

Autex Research Journal ◽

10.1515/aut-2015-0003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 215-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sergey Koksharov ◽

Svetlana Aleeva ◽

Olga Lepilova

Keyword(s):

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Flax Fiber ◽

Residual Content ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Biochemical Modification ◽

Globule Size ◽

Deformation Properties ◽

Recommended Level

Abstract The elaborated principles of nanoengineering of linen textile materials implement the techniques of spatially localized effects of protein catalysts on polymeric cellulose companions with selective splitting of impurity compounds without damaging technologically necessary nano-sized formations of binders in the fiber structure. The ranges of optimal values of the residual content in flax fiber prepared for spinning are identified on the basis of the analysis of the successive stages of enzymatic and peroxide treatments contribution to the breakdown of polymers and the differentiation of the influence of impurities on the yarn technological properties. The recommended level of residual pectin, lignin and hemicellulose (wt. %) is: after enzymatic treatment P1 = 1,0±0,1; L1 = 3,9±0,3; Hc1 = 11,0±1,0; after peroxide bleaching P2 = 0,4±0,05; L2 = 2,3±0,3; Hc2 = 7,5±0,5. The required level of fiber structural modification at the stage of preparing roving for spinning can be achieved through use of protein catalysts whose globule size is 50...100 nm. The use of enzymes with these dimensional characteristics helps to ensure breaking of polymer adhesives on the surface of incrusts and in the areas of intercellular formations, which hinder fiber crushing, without damaging nano-sized binding fractions. The implementation of this method contributes to a significant improvement in the uniformity of structural and physical and mechanical properties of flax yarn. Increase in yarn fineness and strength properties of semi-finished products, as well as improvement of deformation properties and reduction of yarn breakages during the spinning processes are achieved.

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Thermal Diffusivity Measurement of Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (R1233zd(E)) and Dodecafluoro-2-methylpentan-3-one (Novec1230) by the Dynamic Light Scattering Method

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data ◽

10.1021/acs.jced.0c00221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (9) ◽

pp. 4236-4241

Author(s):

Xuyao Tang ◽

Yang Wang ◽

Junwei Cui ◽

Xiaozhen Hu ◽

Shengshan Bi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Diffusivity ◽

Light Scattering ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Thermal Diffusivity Measurement ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering Method ◽

Diffusivity Measurement

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Using the dynamic light-scattering method for the analysis of a blood-serum model solution

Moscow University Physics Bulletin ◽

10.3103/s0027134912050104 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 452-456 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. M. Papok ◽

G. P. Petrova ◽

K. A. Anenkova ◽

E. A. Papish

Keyword(s):

Light Scattering ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Model Solution ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering Method

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Nanoemulsion Gel Formulation Optimization for Burn Wounds: Analysis of Rheological and Sensory Properties

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8111416 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1416

Author(s):

Małgorzata Miastkowska ◽

Agnieszka Kulawik-Pióro ◽

Mariola Szczurek

Keyword(s):

Aloe Vera ◽

Protective Layer ◽

Skin Condition ◽

Sensory Properties ◽

Skin Regeneration ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Burn Wounds ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering Method ◽

Nanoemulsion Gel

Background: Despite the variety of treatment methods for wounds and scars after burns, there are still few effective preparations that can be used in a non-invasive therapy. Recent years have seen significant development of nanomedicine and nanotechnology in the treatment of infection in burn wounds. Proposal: The aim of this work was to develop a formula of a nanoemulsion gel for skin regeneration after burns, and to compare its rheological and sensory properties, as well as the effectiveness of post-burn skin regeneration with preparations available on the market. Methods: At the first stage of studies the composition and parameters of the preparation of sea buckthorn oil-based O/W (oil-in-water) nanoemulsion containing hyaluronic acid and aloe vera gel, as the active ingredients were optimized. Then, the nanoemulsion was added to the gel matrix composed of carbomer (1%) and water which resulted in receiving nanoemulgel. The physicochemical parameters of the obtained samples were characterized by means of dynamic light scattering method and scanning electron microscope. Rheological, sensory and influence on skin condition analysis was conducted for selected market products and developed nanoemulgel. Results: Nanoemulsion gel (d = 211 ± 1.4 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) = 0.205 ± 0.01) was characterized by semi-solid, non-sticky consistency, porous structure, law viscosity, good “primary” and “secondary” skin feelings and pleasant sensorical properties. It improves the condition of burned skin by creating a protective layer on the skin and increasing the hydration level. Conclusion: Due to the fact that the obtained nanoemulsion gel combines the advantages of an emulsion and a gel formulation, it can be a promising alternative to medical cosmetics available on the market, as a form of formulation used in skin care after burns.

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PRODUCTION OF NON-ROASTING PELLETS FROM THE WASTE OF SHABROVSKY TALCUM COMBINE

Izvestiya Ferrous Metallurgy ◽

10.17073/0368-0797-2019-3-201-207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 201-207

Author(s):

V. S. Gulyakov ◽

A. S. Vusikhis ◽

S. A. Petrova

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Planetary Mill ◽

Raw Material ◽

Colloidal System ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering Method ◽

Blast Furnace Production ◽

Micron Size ◽

Optimum Proportion ◽

Technogenic Wastes

Technogenic wastes are by-products of any production. At the same time, they can be a raw material for obtaining useful products. In particular, the waste from the Shabrovsky talcum combine, can be used to produce magnesian fluxes. They are dispersed, so must be agglomerated. Therefore, a method has been proposed for the preparation of non-roasting pellets. As a binder, a mixture of water and peat, treated in a hydropercussion cavitation device, was used. The resulting material is a colloidal system with particle size of less than 10–4 m. To measure the particle size, dynamic light scattering method was used. For comparison, a similar mixture of water and peat treated in a planetary mill was studied. An analysis of the data obtained has shown that particles of micron size occupy up to 90 % of volume in the sample after treatment of the mixture in hydropercussion cavitation device. In a sample that was ground in a planetary mill, most of the particles are characterized by tens or even hundreds of microns. Determination of crushing strength of non-roasting pellets is performed by compressing in a tensile machine of model P-0.5. For this purpose, the granules were used both immediately after granulation and after drying at 105 °C to a moisture content of less than 1.5 %. With an optimum proportion of binders of 15 – 20 %, the strength of raw pellets was 15 N, and the strength of dry pellets was 90 N. With a binder percentage of less than 15 %, both raw and dried pellets had low strength. With a binder content of more than 20 %, the mixture had excessive plasticity and tackiness, which led to the formation of conglomerates of several granules. Despite the fact that the strength parameters of the non-roasting pellet are lower than those of pellets used in blast-furnace production, they are sufficient for use in steelmaking processes.

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PECULARITIES OF MICELLE FORMATION OF PENTACYCLIC GLYCOSIDES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA ◽

10.6060/ivkkt.20216404.6347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 26-33

Author(s):

Natalia V. Mironenko ◽

Irina V. Shkutina ◽

Vladimir F. Selemenev

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Light Scattering ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Hydrodynamic Radius ◽

Critical Concentration ◽

Micelle Formation ◽

Cylindrical Shape ◽

Scattering Method ◽

Dynamic Light Scattering Method

The regularities of changes in structural characteristics during the formation of associates in micellar aqueous solutions of triterpene saponins Quillaja Saponin and Sapindus Mukorossi are considered. The dependence of surface tension and adsorption on the concentration of an aqueous saponin solution is analyzed, and the values of surface activity and parameters of the adsorption layer are calculated. The average values of diffusion coefficients for spherical and cylindrical micelles are determined based on the measurement of the solution viscosity. The effect of the electrolyte solution on the surface tension and viscosity of glycoside solutions is studied: when the electrolyte is introduced into the saponin solution, the surface tension decreases, which leads to a shift in the critical concentration of micelle formation towards lower concentrations. The introduction of potassium chloride electrolyte reduces the degree of ionization and, as a result of suppressing the electroviscosity effect, leads to a decrease in the viscosity of the solution. The dynamic light scattering method is used to determine the size of glycoside aggregates. It is established that there are aggregates of several sizes in an aqueous solution of saponin. The size and shape of aggregates were calculated using the concepts of micelle packing parameters. In the region of very low concentrations of glycoside solutions, when approaching the critical concentration of micelle formation in the solution, there are spherical micelles. A further increase in the saponin concentration in the solution leads to a decrease in the content of structures with a hydrodynamic radius of 50-80 nm and the appearance of larger agglomerates with sizes greater than 100 nm. It was found that micelles acquire a less hydrated and more densely packed cylindrical shape in the concentration range of 1.7-2.6 mmol/dm3. Compaction of associates leads to an increase in the content of particles with a hydrodynamic radius of 150-250 nm and larger ones, and their presence predicts the appearance of larger agglomerates. Analyzing the data obtained using the dynamic light scattering method, it can be concluded that aggregates of several sizes co-exist in the volume of aqueous saponin solutions at certain concentrations.

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Tensile Behavior and Diffusion of Moisture through Flax Fibers by Desorption Method

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11133558 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 3558 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Swarda S. Radkar ◽

Ali Amiri ◽

Chad A. Ulven

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Coefficients ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Woven Fabrics ◽

Tensile Behavior ◽

Flax Fiber ◽

Additional Absorption ◽

Flax Fibers ◽

Diffusion Rates ◽

Desorption Method ◽

And Diffusion

There has been a substantial increase in the usage of natural fibers and biodegradable polymers in composite materials due to the recent focus on sustainability of materials. Flax fibers have exhibited higher mechanical properties compared to most other natural fibers available. However, one of the major challenges faced in the use of flax fiber is its hydrophilicity. In this study, the tensile behavior of flax fiber tows removed from commercially available woven fabrics were investigated at different moisture levels. The breaking tenacity of fiber tows was shown to increase with an increase in moisture content of up to 25%. After this point, additional absorption of moisture resulted in a decrease of fiber tenacity. In addition, the diffusion process through flax fiber mat with different areal densities was investigated and the diffusion coefficients were determined using the desorption curves. Diffusion rates were not found to significantly change with varying areal densities of 200 to 400 gsm, but were significantly different when exposed to temperatures of 55 °C versus 80 °C.

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