A Study on Improvment Directions According to the Land Use and Characteristics of Quasi-Residential Areas in Metropolitan City - Focus on Daegu & Daejeon Metropolitan City -

Coal fires, land subsidence, roof collapse, and other life-threatening risks are a predictable phenomenon for the mineworkers and the neighbourhood population in coalfields. Jharia Coalfields in India are suffered heavily from land subsidence and coal fires for over a century. In addition to the loss of precious coal reserves, this has led to severe damage to the environment, livelihood, transportation, and precious lives.Such incidents highlight the dire need for a well-defined methodology for risk analysis for the coalfield. In this study, we regenerated a Land Use Land Cover map prepared using Indian Remote Sensing satellite imagery and ground survey. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry analysis using Sentinel -1 images was carried out to study the land subsidence phenomenon between Nov 2018 and Apr 2019. For the same study period, coal fire zones were identified with Landsat &#8211; 8 thermal band imagery. Integration of coal fire maps, subsidence velocity maps, and land use maps was further implemented in a geographical information background environment to extract the high-risk zones. These high-risk areas include residential areas, railways, and mining sites, requiring immediate attention.The results show that the coal mines are affected by subsidence of up to 20 cm/yr and a temperature anomaly of nearly 20oC is noticed. A high-risk zone of almost 18 sq. km. was demarcated with Kusunda, Gaslitand, and West Mudidih collieries being the most critically affected zones in the Coal mines. The study demonstrates the potential to combine data from multiple satellite sensors to build a safer ecosystem around the coal mines. &#160;

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Urban morphology as a tool for exploring the land use in residential areas: Example of New Belgrade

Spatium ◽

10.2298/spat1533076g ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 76-83

Author(s):

Ranka Gajic

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Morphology ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Land Policy ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Private Interests ◽

Research Findings ◽

Morphogenetic Analysis ◽

Morphological Patterns

The paper presents findings of research about the classification of New Belgrade?s super-blocks using the typomorphology approach and the morphogenetic analysis of urban morphology in relation to land use. The example of New Belgrade is particularly interesting given the fact that the morphological patterns of land use within its superblocks were created during the period of non-market economy in Socialism, and now it is possible to review the effect that the socio-political transition into Capitalism, which started in the 1990s, has had on its land use. As a result, a data base with the typology of residential super-blocks of New Belgrade is created: from the perspective of urban land use there are four main morphological types (with the subtypes) taking into account the morphology of the position of the buildings on the terrain, and traffic (cars-pedestrian) flows. The morphogenetic analysis reveals that after the 1990s there are processes pointing to powerful influence of land policy driven by private interests. Research findings suggest that nowadays there are negative trends of using the land in super-blocks in New Belgrade - e.g. percentage of land occupancy by buildings is getting bigger and almost 100% of the un-built soil in the newly developed super-blocks is covered /paved.

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Fourier Landscape Pattern Indices for Predicting South Carolina Watershed Fecal Coliform

Journal of Landscape Ecology ◽

10.1515/jlecol-2017-0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 20-34

Author(s):

Alvin Spivey ◽

Anthony Vodacek

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

South Carolina ◽

Land Cover ◽

Landscape Pattern ◽

Fecal Coliform ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Bare Rock ◽

Decadal Scale

AbstractExtending the Landscape Pattern Metric (LPM) model analysis in Smith et al. (2001) into a LPM decision model, decadal scale prediction of fecal coliform compromised South Carolina watersheds is developed. The model’s parameter variability identifies the greatest contributors to a compromised watershed’s prediction. The complete set of model parameters include Land Cover Land Use (LCLU) & slope,along stream proportion, Fourier Metric of Fragmentation (FMF), Fourier Metric of Proportion (FMP), and Least Squares Fourier Transform Fractal Dimension (LsFT). The 1992 National Land Cover Data (NLCD) Land Cover Land Use (LCLU) within fecal coliform compromised watersheds is used to train the model parameters, and the 2001 NLCD LCLU is used to test the LPM model. The most significant model parameters arealong stream bare rock LsFT,FMF between urban/recreational grasses and evergreen forests, andFMF between deciduous forests and high density residential areas. These metrics contribute significantly more than the bestproportiondescriptor:proportion of urban/recreational grasses. In training, the proposed model correctly identified 92 % of the compromised watersheds; while the Smith et al. (2001) model 94 % of the compromised watersheds were correctly identified. This study reveals the ability of Fourier metrics to interpret ecological processes, and the need for more appropriate landscape level models.

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Land use changes in the hinterland of major Slovak cities

Geografie ◽

10.37040/geografie2010115040413 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 115 (4) ◽

pp. 413-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Martin Šveda ◽

Daniela Vigašová

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Spatial Structure ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Detailed Comparison ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Shopping Centres ◽

Agricultural Use ◽

Land Types

The countryside around major Slovak cities is undergoing significant transformation. The construction of shopping centres, administrative buildings, logistical sites, residential areas and changes in the agricultural use of land are causing vast changes in land use (land cover). The objective of this paper is to examine changes in the spatial structure of land use in the hinterland of 11 Slovak cities, with more than 50 thousand inhabitants, during the period from 2000 to 2008. On the basis of a detailed comparison of data obtained from the Aggregated Areas of Land Types database (Úhrnné hodnoty druhov pozemkov) we analyzed changes in land use in 847 municipalities within the Functional Urban Regions of Bratislava, Košice, Prešov, Nitra, Žilina, Banská Bystrica, Trnava, Trenčín, Poprad and Prievidza. The results of the research confirmed significantly differentiated changes in land use. Whereas in the capital of Bratislava changes in land use are primarily caused by suburbanization, creating a relatively compact suburban zone, changes in land use were recorded only in selected sites in the rest of these major Slovak cities.

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Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Livability in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst207644 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 334-343

Author(s):

Nuhu H. Tini ◽

Bartholomew Joshua Light

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Poor ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Public Facility ◽

Residential Areas ◽

The City

Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon in the contemporary era. It is mostly taking place in the less developed countries due to natural increase and consistent movement of people into the mega cities and large urban centers. The phenomenon has globally gained attention from diverse researchers in the field of urban geography, environmental studies, city and region planning in view of its significant influence on the urban environment. However, the effect of sprawl on urban livability and economy in Nigerian cities is scarcely investigated especially in Northern Nigeria. This research explores the social and economic effects of urban sprawl in Kaduna metropolis. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Technologies were applied for the analysis. The study found that Kaduna metropolis has experienced a progressive increase in the built-up area; in 2006 it had an aerial coverage of 13,980 hectares, a rise of 107.91% from 2001 aerial coverage of 6724 hectares. In 2012, the city had an aerial coverage of 15,808 hectares, an increase of 13.08% from 2006. Conversely, there has been a remarkable decrease in percentage of vegetation (1,458 hectares) and agricultural (11,739 hectares) land areas. In turn, such changes has adversely affected urban facilities or utilities such as pipe-borne water, electricity, health facilities, schools, security, transportation, wastewater infrastructures and fire safety services, which has become overstressed. Economic crisis has manifested in the rise of unemployment and escalating number of urban poor. Residential land use has encroached into open spaces while commercial activities overrun residential areas. Increase in distance and journey time make travel cost unbearable to the common man. These and social fragmentation retard livability in the city. Thus calls for a balance sustainable development in Kaduna metropolis and effective management of urban growth by the Kaduna Capital Development Board Authority. In due course, smart growth policy, growth management, urban containment, effective land use planning and public facility adequacy have been recommended to foster viable urban growth in Kaduna city and elsewhere.

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Discrimination of Nitrogen Sources in Karst Spring Contributing Areas Using a Bayesian Isotope Mixing Model and Wastewater Tracers (Florida, USA)

Environmental and Engineering Geoscience ◽

10.2113/eeg-2310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 291-311

Author(s):

Andy Canion ◽

Katherine M. Ransom ◽

Brian G. Katz

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Mixing Model ◽

Septic Tank ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Nitrate Sources ◽

Prior Probabilities ◽

Relative Contribution ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

Nitrogen Inputs

ABSTRACT Many springs in Florida have experienced a proliferation of nuisance algae and alteration of trophic structure in response to increases in nitrate concentration concurrent with rapid population growth and land use intensification beginning in the mid-20th century. While loading targets and remediation plans have been developed by state agencies to address excess nitrogen inputs, further confirmation of the relative contribution of nitrogen sources to groundwater is necessary to optimize the use of resources when implementing projects to reduce nitrogen loads. In the present study, stable isotopes of nitrate and wastewater indicators were used to discriminate sources of nitrogen in wells and springs in central Florida. Sampling was performed in 50 wells at 38 sites and at 10 springs with varying levels of agriculture and urban development. Nitrate isotope values were used to develop Bayesian mixing models to estimate the probability distribution of the contributions of nitrate sources in wells. Prior probabilities for the fractional contribution of each source were adjusted based on land use and density of septic tanks. Sucralose and the Cl:Br mass ratio were used as confirmatory indicators of wastewater sources. In residential areas, mixing model results indicated that fertilizer or mixed fertilizer and wastewater (septic tank effluent and reuse water) were the primary sources, with sucralose detections corresponding to wells with elevated contributions from wastewater. Sources of nitrogen in pasture and field crop areas were primarily fertilizer and manure; however, model posterior distributions of δ15N indicated that manure sources may have been overpredicted. The present study demonstrates the utility of a multi-tracer approach to build multiple lines of evidence to develop locally relevant remediation strategies for nitrogen sources in groundwater.

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Transit-Oriented Planning

Travel by Design ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195123951.003.0013 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

Marlon Boarnet ◽

Randall C. Crane

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Area ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Transportation Policy ◽

Rail Transit ◽

Transit Oriented Development ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Commercial Development ◽

Regulatory Issues ◽

Land Use Policies

There has been a boom in American rail transit construction in the past two decades. That new investment has prompted the question of what planners can do to support rail transit. One popular answer has been transit-oriented development (TOD), increasingly described as a comprehensive strategy for rail-based land-use planning throughout an urban area. This is most clearly illustrated by Bernick and Cervero’s (1997) description of how such projects can link together to create “transit metropolises” where rail is a viable transportation option for many of the region’s residents. In addition, TOD provides an opportunity to examine the regulatory issues discussed in chapter 6, both because it is an explicit attempt to use urban design as transportation policy and because the intergovernmental issues are especially stark in relation to these developments. Having discussed how travelers behave in the first part of this book, we now ask what we know about how cities behave. Stated in general form, the question is rather broad. It concerns the process by which cities and other land-use authorities decide where to put streets, how to structure the local hierarchy of streets, when to develop more or less densely, how to position employment centers relative to residential areas, and so on. Still, the feasibility of land-use plans with transportation goals depends critically on how such authorities behave. Any discussion of the effectiveness of these strategies must address both how communities plan for transportation and how travelers respond to those plans. The primary transportation goal of TOD generally, as currently practiced, is to coordinate land-use policies to support rail transit. In particular, focusing both residential and commercial development near rail transit stations is aimed at increasing rail ridership (e.g., Bernick, 1990; Bernick and Hall, 1990; Calthorpe, 1993; Cervero, 1993; Bernick and Cervero, 1997). Some evidence suggests that residents near rail transit stations are two to five times more likely to commute by rail when compared with persons living elsewhere in the same urban area (Pushkarev and Zupan, 1977; Bernick and Carroll, 1991; Cervero, 1994d).

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Water quality studies in Kranji catchment, Singapore: use of organic tracers and polyethylene devices for identifying potential sewage sources

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2012.040 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

A. R. Mendez Sagel ◽

P. Shanahan ◽

J. K. MacFarlane ◽

P. M. Gschwend

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Endocrine Disruptors ◽

Passive Samplers ◽

Nonylphenol Ethoxylates ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Future Studies ◽

Rivers And Streams ◽

Laboratory Results ◽

Polyethylene Devices

The objective of this study was to identify organic compounds that could serve as indicators of potential human fecal contamination sources to the Kranji Reservoir in Singapore and could be used as confirmation indicators along with bacteria indicators. The compounds chosen as potential tracers were nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs), as these are indicative of sewage and have been found at measurable concentrations in rivers and streams elsewhere in Asia. Polyethylene devices (PEDs) were used as passive samplers to measure NP and NPEs in stormwater drains in Kranji Catchment, deployed in areas of different land use in order to obtain an overview of concentration ranges across the catchment and provide an indication of where and why these compounds could be found. Laboratory results showed that NP and NPEs were present in non-residential areas and preliminary modeling of corresponding water concentrations indicates potentially risky concentrations of NP in the water in some stormwater drains. More information is needed on detergents in Singapore to further evaluate using NPEs as sewage indicators. Future studies should be done to confirm concentrations in Kranji Catchment water to verify if there is a risk to the ecosystem's health as NP and NPEs are known endocrine disruptors.

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