scholarly journals Adaptation of corn plants to chronic ultraviolet irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Zhuk ◽  
A. N. Mikhieiev ◽  
L. G. Ovsyannikova
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Pigment Complex ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Temporary Inhibition

Aim. The adaptation of young corn plants (Zea mays L.) to the effect of chronic ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation during vegetative growth and formation of photosynthetic apparatus of leaves was studied. Methods. Corn plants hybrid Dostatok 300 MB in the phase of two developed leaves was irradiated with UV-B in dose of 2 kJ/m2 per day with a power of 1 W/m2 in long day conditions during 12 days. During this period, the growth of plants was measured, content of photosynthetic pigments and endogenous hydrogen peroxide (HP) was determined in the leaves. Results. It was established that the effect of chronic UV‑B irradiation caused the temporary inhibition of leaf growth, synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and increasing of HP content in them. Then the growth processes and pigment complex recovered to the level of no irradiated plants and exceed it, indicating the induction of adaptive reactions in young corn plants. Conclusions. It was shown that the effect of a low dose of chronic UV-B irradiation caused a delay in growth processes and the formation of a photosynthetic complex with subsequent adaptation to stress in young corn plants. Keywords: UV-B irradiation, Zea mays L., photosynthetic pigments, adaptation.

scholarly journals Adaptive reactions of corn plants to acute ultraviolet radiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
V. V. Zhuk ◽  
A. N. Mikheyev ◽  
L. G. Ovsyannikova
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Growth Formation ◽  
Adaptive Reactions ◽  
Adaptive Reaction

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the adaptive reaction of young corn plants (Zea mays L.) to the action of acute ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation in the vegetative growth period. Methods. Corn plants hybrid Dostatok 300 MV in the phase of two leaves were irradiated by UV-B at doses of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 kJ/m2 with a power of 6 W/m2 and were grown in a long day conditions. After irradiation, the growth of shoots in length, the growth of the mass of plants, the content of photosynthetic pigments and endogenous hydrogen peroxide (HP) in the leaves were determined. Results. It is shown that after irradiation of corn plants UV-B at doses of 4, 8, 16 kJ/m2 the growth of shoots in length decreased, after the irradiation of UV-B at doses of 1, 2 kJ/m2 mass of plants increased. UV-B irradiation in all doses, except for a dose of 16 kJ/m2, stimulated the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves. Increasing HP content in the leaves was determined in corn leaves after irradiation of UV-B in all doses. Conclusions. It is shown that irradiation of young corn plants by acute UV-B at doses from 1 to 16 kJ/m2 induced adaptive reactions, that included inhibition of shoot growth with simultaneous stimulation of plants mass growth, accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, increased endogenous content of HP. The adaptive period lasted about 10 days, after that processes of growth, formation of a photosynthetic apparatus and content of HP were stabilized. UV-B belongs to the necessary components of sunlight components for corn growth. Keywords: UV-B radiation, Zea mays L., photosynthetic pigments, adaptation.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide as an Attenuator of Ecophysiological Changes in Corn (Zea mays L.) Plants Submitted to Copper Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Ana Ecidia de Araújo Brito ◽  
Jessica Suellen Silva Teixeira ◽  
Diana Jhulia Palheta de Sousa ◽  
Evelyn Fátima Lima de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Ito dos Santos Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Donor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Corn Plants

The aim of this work was to evaluate the attenuating effect of the nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside-NPS) on the ecophysiological responses of corn plants (Zea mays L.) submitted to copper toxicity. The corn seeds of the K9606 VIP3 variety were soaked for 48 hours in Germitest with solution containing treatment with sodium nitroprusside Na2 [Fe (CN) 5 NO] 2H2O (0, 200 and 300µM), sodium ferrocyanide Na4Fe (CN) 6 ( 300, 100 and 0 µM) respectively and deionized water (control), sown in buckets with 15 kg of soil incubated for 50 days containing copper concentrations CuSO4.5H2O (0, 60 and 200 mg kg-1). The design consisted of randomized blocks with 12 treatments and 4 repetitions, making a total of 48 plants. in ecophysiological variables: height, leaf area and number of leaves, stem diameter increased by 32, 66% and 11.29% in the treatments with 60 mg kg-1 of copper and 200 mg kg-1 of copper, respectively. There was no effect of treatments on the chlorophyll content measured by the SPAD index and gas exchange. The chlorophyll a fluorescence variables indicate that the concentration of 200 mg kg-1 of copper caused damage to the structure of the PS II reaction center complexes and indicate a slightly protective effect of nitric oxide-NO present in sodium nitroprusside and cyanide present in sodium ferrocyanide, reflecting a smooth functioning of the maximum activity of photosystem II and the electron transport chain.

scholarly journals SKRINNING FITOKIMIA, UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
David Albert Pangemanan ◽  
Edi Suryanto ◽  
Paulina V. Y. Yamlean
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Compounds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Area North ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Corn Kernels

ABSTRACT Corn (Zea Mays L.) is widely developed in Indonesia. Corn kernels showed total phenolic and antioxidant activity. Antioxidants have the potential as photoprotectors, therefore, plants containing phenolic compounds can be used in the prevention of free radicals. For this reason, researcher is interested in further researching the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and sunscreen testing from extracts of stems, leaves, hair and leaf wrapping from corn (Zea mays L.). The samples used were corn plants (corn silk, corn leaves, corn stalks and leaf wrapping corn) originating from Kauditan area, North Minahasa. The results of the study showed that the leaf contained saponin and flavonoid compounds, the stem contained alkaloid and saponin compounds, the hair contained alkaloid and flavonoid compounds, and the leaf wrapping only contained alkaloid compounds. The highest to lowest total phenolic content values starting from the stem were 46.93 μg / mL, the leaf wrapping 37.76 μg / mL, the leaf 26.63 μg / mL and hair 14.49 μg / mL. The leaf has the highest antioxidant activity with a value of 72.81% followed by 62.87% stem then wrapping leaf 43.13%  and finally hair 29.14%. The SPF value of the stem was included in the ultra protection with a value of 16.117 followed by the leaves included in the maximum protection with an SPF value of 10.902. While the hair with SPF value of 0.6 and wrapping leaf with SPF value of 0.222 are included in the minimum protection. Keywords: Corn (Zea Mays L.), Sunscreen, Antioxidants, Phenol ABSTRAK Jagung (Zea Mays L.) banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Biji jagung menunjukkan kadar total fenolik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Antioksidan memiliki potensi sebagai fotoprotektor, oleh karena itu, tanaman yang mengandung senyawa fenolik dapat digunakan dalam pencegahan radikal bebas. Untuk itu peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti lebih lanjut tentang skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak batang, daun, rambut, dan daun pembungkus dari jagung (Zea mays L.). Sampel yang digunakan ialah tanaman jagung (rambut jagung, daun jagung, batang jagung dan daun pembungkus jagung) yang berasal dari daerah Kauditan, Minahasa Utara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan daun mengandung senyawa saponin dan flavonoid, batang mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan saponin, rambut mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid, dan daun pembungkus hanya mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Nilai kandungan total fenolik  yang paling tinggi sampai paling rendah dimulai dari batang sebesar 46.93 μg/mL, daun pembungkus 37.76 μg/mL, daun 26.63 μg/mL dan rambut 14.49 μg/mL. Daun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang paling tinggi dengan nilai 72.81% diikuti oleh batang 62.87% kemudian daun pembungkus 43.13% dan yang terakhir adalah rambut 29.14%. Nilai SPF batang termasuk dalam proteksi ultra dengan nilai 16,117 diikuti oleh daun yang termasuk dalam proteksi maksimal dengan nilai SPF 10,902. Sedangkan rambut dengan nilai SPF  0,6 dan daun pembungkus dengan nilai SPF 0,222 termasuk dalam proteksi minimal. Kata Kunci : Jagung (Zea Mays L.), Tabir Surya, Antioksidan, Fenol

scholarly journals Biologi Stenocranus pacificus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) pada tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) di rumah kasa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Dosma Ulina Simbolon ◽  
Maryani Cyccu Tobing ◽  
Darma Bakti
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
The Third ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
North Sumatra

<p><em>Stenocranus pacificus </em>Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is destructive pest on corn plants in South Lampung and it has been reported to cause corn damages in North Sumatra. The  objective of this research was to study some aspects biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> on corn plants in screenhouse. The research was conducted by observing the biology of <em>S. pacificus</em> that was reared on corn plants in screenhouse.<em> </em>The results showed that life cycle of <em>S. pacificus </em>was 38–47 (41,60 ± 3,19) days: egg was 9–11 (10,20 ± 0,79) days, the first instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the second instar nymph was 3–4 (3,90 ± 0,32) days, the third instar nymph was 3–4 (3,70 ± 0,48) days, the fourth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,80 ± 0,42) days, and the fifth instar nymph was 3–4 (3,60 ± 0,52) days. Age of female was 13–17 (15,30 ± 1,34) days. It was longer than age of male which was 8–12 (10,10 ± 1,20) days. Female could produce 181–214 (197,60 ± 11,64) eggs during its life. The sex ratio was 1:1,98.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of salt stress on the germination of maize (Zea mays L.) seeds and photosynthetic pigments

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sali ALIU ◽  
Imer RUSINOVCI ◽  
Shukri FETAHU ◽  
Bekim GASHI ◽  
Emilija SIMEONOVSKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Zea Mays L
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