Adaptive reaction of perspective spring rapeseed cultivars in conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region

We studied 18 perspective and already registered spring rapeseed cultivars of VNIIMK breeding. Impact of weather conditions in a period flowering – maturing on economically valuable traits was revealed. The cultivars were compared by calculated statistic parameters of adaptivity, environmental plasticity, stability in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region. The perspective linear cultivars which demonstrated the most stably yield in the different years were selected. The researches were conducted in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar, Russia, in 2017– 2020. The most favorable weather conditions for cultivation of spring rapeseed appeared to be in 2017. Index of environmental condition (Ij) was 1.01. On average for rapeseed cultivar, yield varied from maximal in 2017 (2.83 t per ha) to minimal in 2019 (1.31 t per ha). Oil content in the different years varied from 40.9 to 46.34%, weight of 1000 seeds – from 2.22 to 3.85 g. Glucosinolate content was minimal (14.16 µmol/g) in 2017 and reached maximum (21.48 µmol/g) in 2020. The linear cultivars ВН-LР13, ВНDl 2, and ВН-Dl 1 are characterized with the highest environmental plasticity, having the indicators bi = 1.30; 1.24, and 1.21, respectively. The cultivars Amulet and Ruyan were the most stable: Si² was equal to 0.65 and 0.69, respectively, as well as the main applicant for being a cultivar: ВН-4801, ВН-191, and ВН2478 having the indicators 0.40; 0.62, and 0.80. The perspective cultivars ВН-4801 and ВН-906 (Kenar) are characterized with a valuable combination of increased and stable for years yield. Due to absolute indicator of adaptability, all the studied cultivars are ranking as following: ВН-4801 (113.6%), ВН-Dl 1 (106.3%), ВН-Dl 2 (105.9%), ВН-LР 13 (105.0%), ВН-XT (103.4%), Руян (102.9%), and ВН-906 (101.9%).

Evaluation of hemomicrocirculation of periodontal tissues in localized periodontitis of traumatic etiology

Relevance. The necessity of somatic health evaluation in patients with local inflammatory periodontal processes is determined by frequent relapses of the periodontal diseases. Low effectiveness of the widespread treatment methods and the lack of long-term remission of the disease is caused by the insufficient assessment Based on the clinical examination, diagnosis and laboratory tests, to determine the correlation between the somatic pathology and adaptability of the adult body in patients with localized periodontitis due to trauma. Materials and methods. Advanced examination was carried out in 169 subjects, aged 45-75 y.o., with mild to moderate localized periodontitis due to trauma. The somatic condition was assessed by laboratory and functional tests. Results. 1-2 somatic diseases were revealed in 39.3% of patients with mild localized periodontitis caused by trauma (periodontal pocket depth up to 4 mm). 3 and more comorbidities were detected in 35.3% of patients. Gastrointestinal problems, cardiovascular diseases, allergic conditions, anemiа and respiratory diseases were most frequently encountered. In moderate localized periodontitis caused by trauma and periodontal depth of 4-6 mm, 23.9% of patients had 1-2 comorbidities, while 62.7% of patients had 3 and more diseases. Gastrointestinal problems, cardiovascular diseases, anemia, allergic conditions and urogenital diseases were more frequent. A strong correlation was revealed between the type of adaptive reaction and the degree of localized periodontitis caused by trauma. Thus, the risk of moderate localized traumatic periodontitis development increases by 1.8 times in tense adaptive reaction, and by 3.45 times - in poor adaptation reaction. Conclusion. Functional condition of the body adaptability, which is essential for the development of the treatment strategy, could be determined by the evaluation of the physical condition, peripheral blood tests (entropy of WBC differential, C-reactive protein) in patients with localized periodontitis caused by trauma. The adaptive reaction tension and decrease were detected in patients with 3 or more comorbidities.

“A Study on The Levels Of Stress Among Post Graduate Students Of Dibrugarh University’’

Stress is normally an unavoidable part of everyone’s life living in this world. It portrays a negative notion that can have an impact on one’s mental and physical well-being. Stress is always regarded as a psychological process that involves an individual’s personal interpretation and response to any threatening event. Stress is an unavoidable part of life everybody meet with stress in his/ her life; it can take a toll on students‟ physical health, mental health, and academic success and even on every part of life unless they discover to cope with it appropriately. Stress has a negative impact on one’s mental and physical wellbeing. Throughout a lifetime, one may experience thousands of different episodes of stress. It means that stress may be a normal, adaptive reaction to threat. Its role is to signal and prepare individuals to take defensive action. Take for instance, fear of things that present realistic threats motivates individuals to deal with them or avoid them. . College and Post Graduation students experience stress connected to changes in lifestyle, increased workload, new tasks, interpersonal relationships and a lot of other things. Tremendous levels of stress can hinder work efficacy and lead to meagre academic performance and at the same time it affects one’s overall happiness.

Stress-induced Differential Gene Expression in Cardiac Tissue

The stress response is adaptive and aims to guarantee survival. However, the persistence of a stressor can culminate in pathology. Catecholamines released as part of the stress response over activate beta adrenoceptors (β-AR) in the heart. Whether and how stress affects the expression of components of the intracellular environment in the heart is still, however, unknown. This paper used microarray to analyze the gene expression in the left ventricle wall of rats submitted to foot shock stress, treated or not treated with the selective β2-AR antagonist ICI118,551 (ICI), compared to those of non-stressed rats also treated or not with ICI, respectively. The main findings were that stress induces changes in gene expression in the heart and that β2-AR plays a role in this process. The vast majority of genes disregulated by stress were exclusive for only one of the comparisons, indicating that, in the same stressful situation, the profile of gene expression in the heart is substantially different when the β2-AR is active or when it is blocked. Stress induced alterations in the expression of such a large number of genes seems to be an adaptive reaction, aimed at sustaining heart function and protecting cardiomyocytes from apoptosis.

The effect of soil drought on the content of photosynthetic pigments in barley plants of the Brovar variety

A significant effect of soil drought on the morphometric parameters of the leaves of barley plants of the Brovar variety, as well as the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoids) in them was established. However, a significant decrease in plant growth indicators under drought conditions, a decrease in the amount of chlorophyll and, to a greater extent, carotenoids occurred against the background of the absence of a change in the content of pheophytin. We assume that the decrease in the number of pigments is mainly associated not with destruction due to stress, but with a decrease in their synthesis, which can be an adaptive reaction of plants, which minimizes the likelihood of formation of reactive oxygen species in photosynthetic membranes under conditions of drought, and also optimizes the use of light energy for photosynthetic processes under such conditions, as indicated by the predominant decrease in carotenoids such as neoxanthin, violaxanthin and β-carotene, which are actively involved in light harvesting and energy transfer to reaction centers.

Influence of the Cement Dust on Ants Grouping (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Research of the influence of cement dust in zone of PJSC “Ivano-Frankivskcement” on the ants grouping was conducted. In this exploration was noticed that at the anthropogenic load disappears ants of the genus Formica, which are replaced by species of the genus Lasius and Myrmica. Analyzing the distribution of ants genera and species on experimental meadows, we found a direct correlation between the ants number and distance from the sources of cement dust (r=0.87 at p<0.05). The largest number of the ant species observed in the area of influence from the genus Lasius. Myrmica nests are found not closer than 1 km from PJSC “Ivano-Frankivskcement”, Formica nests are only in the control. Under the action of cement dust on biotopes, the ants display a non-adaptive reaction. The analysis of changes in the population density of the particular genera showed that the nests density of all genera is minimal on the meadows located near the sources of cement dust. With remoteness from the source of pollution, the density of colonies reliably increases (r=0,97 at p<0,05). Colonies of the genus Formica (F. fusca) registered only in control reached the density of grouping 1,5±1,1 nests at 100m the accounting route. For the forest biotopes, the nests density of the genus Lasius is higher in control by 1.8 times (3.1 nests/25 m2) than in the village (1.75 nests/25 m2). For other genera (Camponotus, Myrmica and Formica), an opposite reaction was registered. The nests density of F. fusca, which are registered only in the control, reached 2.5 ± 1.1 nests for 100 m the accounting route. With a decrease in the pollution degree, the proportion of underground nests increases (r=0,90 at p<0,05), the proportion of the dome nests decreases (r=-0,94 at p<0,05). At the same time, the size of dome on average decreases when removed from the source pollution. All nests registered in the most polluted zone consist of a mixture of cement dust and earths up to 45 cm high. About 75 % of all nests found were heavily overgrown. When excavating the nests the dome was as if cemented. Adaptation of the ants to the influence of cement dust differs from other influence types and is expressed in the fact that in technogenic territories nests are more often dome-shaped, smaller diameter and considerably higher nests than those located in the control zone. This is because the soil near PJSC “Ivano-Frankivskcement” is covered with a layer of the lime dust which reaches 5 cm. Lasius niger is resistant to various forms of the anthropogenic influence, which can be explained by the adaptive features of the forms ant nest.

Morpho-anatomical adaptation of the leaves of certain Veronica species to arid conditions

This study’s objective was to evaluate the adaptive potential of the leaves of Veronica (V. austriaca, V. incana, and V. prostrata) in the arid conditions of the Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden NAS of Ukraine (KBG) located in the Right-Bank Steppe Cisdnieper. Leaves have been obtained from the collection of ornamental plants of KBG, where these plants are introduced for ten years. The seasonal dynamics of leaf development have been studied during the growing season of 2018, when the most arid climatic conditions were observed.The leaves of the investigated species were found to be dorsoventral, amphistomatic, with an anomocytic stomatal apparatus and bifacial mesophyll. Changes in the anatomical structures of the leaf blade towards xeromorphism were determined. In particular, in all studied specimens thickening of the cuticle, adaxial and abaxial epidermises (except V. prostrata, where the upper epidermis decreased by 35 %) mesophyll occurred. The number of stomata on the abaxial epidermis in all species decreased (the most notably in V. prostrata). Such increase of xeromorphism in V. austriaca, V. incana, and V. prostrata is an adaptive reaction of plants to the effects of extreme arid weather and climatic conditions of the Kryvorizhzhya, which testifies to the plasticity of investigated species and their high adaptation potential to the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Steppe Cisdnieper.

Sperm Motility of Mice under Simulated Microgravity and Hypergravity

For deep space exploration, reproductive health must be maintained to preserve the species. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of changes in gravity on male germ cells remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of simulated micro- and hypergravity on mouse sperm motility and the mechanisms of this change. For 1, 3 and 6 h, mouse sperm samples isolated from the caudal epididymis were subjected to simulated microgravity using a random position machine and 2g hypergravity using a centrifuge. The experimental samples were compared with static and dynamic controls. The sperm motility and the percentage of motile sperm were determined using microscopy and video analysis, cell respiration was determined by polarography, the protein content was assessed by Western blotting and the mRNA levels were determined using qRT-PCR. The results indicated that hypergravity conditions led to more significant changes than simulated microgravity conditions: after 1 h, the speed of sperm movement decreased, and after 3 h, the number of motile cells began to decrease. Under the microgravity model, the speed of movement did not change, but the motile spermatozoa decreased after 6 h of exposure. These changes are likely associated with a change in the structure of the microtubule cytoskeleton, and changes in the energy supply are an adaptive reaction to changes in sperm motility.

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HELIOGEOPHYSICAL FACTORS AND THE COURSE OF CERTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT PSYCHOSOMATIC STATUS AS A COMPONENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT

Тhe purpose of the study: to establish a correlation between the average annual values of the minute volume of blood flow in hypertensive men with different temperaments and high anxiety and solar activity. There were 848 patients with arterial hypertension and 422 healthy individuals. All of them were determined by temperament and anxiety, and the minute volume of blood flow. To compare the calculated method for determining the minute volume of blood flow with the hardware method, the authors measured the minute volume of blood flow in patients using tetrapolar rheography on a 6-NEG device connected with a computer and compared it with the value of the minute volume of blood flow determined by calculation. Data on the dynamics of solar activity in wolf numbers and radio emission at a wavelength of 10.5 cm were obtained from the West-Siberian Department for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. During the period of increased solar activity, the body was affected by a complex of factors, including socio-economic factors, together with ionizing radiation of the environment; contribute to a decrease in the coefficient of oxygen utilization by tissues, which caused the development of an adaptive reaction, part of which was an increase in the minute volume of blood flow. A significant correlation was established between solar activity indicators, meteorological factors, and minute blood flow volume, which indicates the possibility of a combined effect of the studied factors on increasing the functional activity of the cardiovascular system.