scholarly journals Problem issues of methodology of synecological diagnostics of anthropogenic transformation of forest ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
O. I. Blinkova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Anthropogenic Factor ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Factor Transformation ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Ecosystem Approaches

Aim. The aim of the study was to identify and systematize methodological problems in the diagnosis of anthropogenic transformation of forest ecosystem. Methods. Theoretical methods of system-structural, retrospective analysis, interdisciplinary, ecosystem approaches, special methods of forestry, synecology, ornithology and mycology. Results. Changes in functional indicators and parameters of communities were recorded depending on the genesis of the anthropogenic factor, pattern, intensity and time-scale of its impact and reproducibility of ecosystems. These changes were established in the presence of close correlation between the most sensitive structural and functional components (grass layer, leaf-litter, surface of soil, stand) and preserving the integrity of consorted links.  Conclusions. A conceptual model for diagnostic human transformation of forest ecosystems for various functional according to the state and development of consorted links of producers, consumers, reducers (for example, plants, fungi, birds) through qualitative and quantitative parameters of relevant diversity structures and principles of its application was proposed. Keywords: ecosystem, communities, anthropogenic factor, transformation, biodiversity, consorted links.

scholarly journals Methodological problems of biotic diagnostics of antropogenic transformation of forest ecosystems at the levels of organization of life

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
V. V. Lavrov ◽  
O. I. Blinkova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Ecosystem Transformation

Aim. The purpose of the study was to identify and systematize the methodological problems of the diagnosis of anthropogenic transformation of forests by the levels of organization of life. Methods. Theoretical methods of system-structural, retrospective, comparative analysis were combined with special methods of forestry, synecology, mycology, ornithology. Results and conclusions. The study of higher levels of biological organization, integral characteristics of ecosystems, reflecting the state of their integrity and development should be given priority in bio-diagnostics of forest ecosystems. Studies at lower levels of the hierarchy of levels without proper alignment with the composition and state of higher subsystems can lead to false conclusions. Studying at the basic levels of biological organization gives the opportunity to adhere to the principles of emergence, functional integration and hierarchical organization of the biosphere and its homeostasis systems. Keywords: biological organization, complex of biological structures, forest ecosystem, transformation.

scholarly journals A New Look at the Natural Capital Concept: Approaches, Structure, and Evaluation Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9236
Author(s):  
Margarita Ignatyeva ◽  
Vera Yurak ◽  
Oksana Logvinenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
The Core ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous ◽  
Ecosystem Approaches

This article considers the concept of natural capital as a basic construct of sustainable development. However, after numerous studies, a number of aspects of accounting and valuation of natural capital remain unspecified. The relevance and imperfection of the guidelines used to assess natural capital make relevant the development of such issues as the conceptual apparatus and methods to natural capital assessment. Therefore, the core objectives of the paper are: (1) to substantiate the structure of natural capital, taking into account the natural resources and ecosystem approaches; (2) to clarify the concepts of “function” and “services” in relation to abiotic and biotic components of the environment; (3) to generalize and analyze the classifications of ecosystem services, and to develop the authors’ classification; (4) to identify the most common methods for the economic assessment of natural capital’s components, and to implement these methods within a specific territory. These methods have been tested on the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (KhMAD, Russia). The most typical ecosystems of the region and their inherent ecosystem services have been identified. Assessment results are presented for (1) forest ecosystems, (2) mountain ecosystems, and (3) ecosystems of swamps, lakes, and rivers.

scholarly journals Approaches to Research Methodology of Ethnic Stereotypes (with the Example of the Image of the Estonian in the View of Russian-speaking Students of Estonia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Olga Burdakova ◽  
Jelena Nõmm
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Weighting Coefficient ◽  
Sense Perception ◽  
Parameter Distribution ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Individual Perception ◽  
Methodological Problems

Ethno-cultural stereotypes are the result of comparing one´s own culture, customs, traditions with that of strangers, identifying and fixing differences between the cultures of ethnic groups. Stereotypical images of different peoples exist even in the minds of those people who had no experience in communication with representatives of these ethnic groups. However, the results of the study of ethnic stereotypes of people who are in direct contact with this ethnic group and see it up close in comparison to people who evaluate it from a distance, often raises more questions than gives clear answers. The solution of these questions raises before the researcher a whole complex of methodological problems. The article will introduce a new methodological approach to reveal ethno-cultural stereotypes in the text culture and in our contemporaries’ common sense perception. To distinguish between people’s individual perception of a particular ethnos and collective stereotypes, the following qualitative and quantitative criteria are suggested: 1) bipolar orthonormal core axes of parameter distribution; 2) the significance of the axis; 3) the degree of consistency of parameters distributed on the axis; 4) the weighting coefficient of testee’s reaction.

scholarly journals Modern methodical approaches to evaluation of the state of park forest ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 308-314
Author(s):  
N. V. Miroshnyk ◽  
O. V. Tertychna ◽  
I. K. Teslenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Large City ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Anthropogenic Loading ◽  
Functional Components

Aim. The aim of the research is to improve the methodological bases of the integrated the assessment of park forest ecosystems under the conditions of anthropogenic loading and to determine the direction of processes occurring in them. Methods. The methodology is based on the methods of systematic, comparative analysis, statistics, analytical, mathematical and subsequent mapping of actual and stock materials related to the formation and development of park ecosystems within a large city. Results and conclusions. At an integrated assessment of the state of park forest ecosystems, it is proposed to apply systemic, structural approaches involving the inclusion of three vectors of organization of complex systems (structural-functional, organization of levels in the live, differentiation by ecological niches). The application of criteria of parks structural organization on the basis of the modified index of structural diversity of forest ecosystem is proposed. Keywords: park forest ecosystem, structural and functional components.

scholarly journals Functional Components, Antioxidant Activity and Hypoglycemic Ability Following Simulated Gastro-Intestinal Digestion of Pigments from Walnut Brown Shell and Green Husk

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Fanhang Zeng ◽  
Jingyi Qi ◽  
Wen Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Free Phenol ◽  
Intestinal Digestion ◽  
Functional Components

To assess the effects of digestion on the functional components of walnut pigment and their bioactivities, we developed an in vitro model simulating gastro-intestinal digestion. Results showed an increase in the contents of flavonoids and conjugated phenols (with retention rates higher than 100%) in husk pigment after digestion. The lowest of the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities was reached in the group with the minimum flavonoid content after digestion. Close correlation was observed between free phenol content and total reducing power, as the reducing power among different groups of husk pigment was in consistent with free phenols changes. The inhibitory effect of walnut pigment on α-amylase with/without digestion enzyme was similar. However, shell pigment showed improved inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity, with an increased inhibitory rate of 5.42%. In general, the antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic ability of walnut pigment were prone to chemical and enzymatic changes during simulated digestion, which were also related to the alteration of flavonoids and phenols.

scholarly journals Analysis of the parameters of springtail communities in the foothill forest ecosystems of the Sochi Black sea region

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V.G. Scherbina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Piedmont Zone ◽  
Average Abundance

A qualitative and quantitative assessment of springtail communities in six main forest ecosystems in the piedmont zone of the Sochi Black Sea region is presented . The studies were carried out at 13 sites located in a suburban forest area, without the influence of recreation and pronounced technogenic air pollution. The species composition, the level of dominance and the average abundance of springtails for seven field seasons are determined. Differences in the structure of springtail communities and their evenness depending on the type of forest ecosystem are established. The state of forest ecosystems is assessed by the degree of evenness.

BÖYÜK QAFQAZIN CƏNUB-ŞƏRQ YAMACINDA ANTROPOGEN TRANSFORMASİYANIN QİYMƏTLƏNDİRİLMƏSİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Jalə Ehtibar qızı Tağızadə ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Anthropogenic Factor ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Greater Caucasus

The article assesses the anthropogenic transformation of the southern slope landscape complexes of the Greater Caucasus. In this case, the location of settlements in the landscape (in%), population density (people / km2) were taken as evaluation criteria. Key words: Anthropogenic factor, Greater Caucasus, anthropogenic transformation, landscape Böyük Qafqazın cənub-şərq zonası 412290,65 ha sahəni əhatə edir. Həmin ərazidə kiçik və orta ölçülü 196 yaşayış məntəqəsi qeydiyyata alınmışdır. Burada yerləşən məntəqələrin 4-ü şəhər tipli, 5-i qəsəbə və 187-si isə kənd tiplidir.

The Coverage of Social Insurance Schemes : Methodological Problems of International Comparisons

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Jens Alber
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Western European ◽  
Historical Indicators

["The following article is part of a larger data collection on participants of social insurance systems in Western Europe which is published as research report No. 4 of the HIWED project (Historical indicators of the Western European Democracies) at the Urriversity of Mannheim, W. Germany. The report contains qualitative and quantitative data, and the part reproduced here serves as the introduction to . the tables."

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