scholarly journals The intentionality of questions – a critique of Searle’s analysis of speech acts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-55
Author(s):  
Simon Borchmann
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Human Intentionality

Searle’s analysis and classification of speech acts entails that one of the two components of a speech act is a proposition. The first part of the article demonstrates that the analysis and classification is misleading when applied to three authentic examples of questions embedded in an everyday activity. Considerations concerning the situations that give rise to the questions suggest that the discrepancy is due to assumptions about intentionality and perception implied by the proposition-based analysis and classification of speech acts. In the second part of the article, Searle’s theory of intentionality and perception is compared with cognitive ethnographic observations of the situations that give rise to the three questions. The comparison shows that Searle’s theory of intentionality and perception is insufficiently informative and partly misleading as regards human intentionality and perception in the performance of an everyday activity. The claim is that the assumptions about intentionality and perception that form the basis of the proposition-based analysis and classification of speech acts are insufficient as a basis for a general theory of speech acts.

Speech Acts and Performatives

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hornsby
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Illocutionary Acts

This article aims to connect Austin's seminal notion of a speech act with developments in philosophy of language over the last forty odd years. It starts by considering how speech acts might be conceived in Austin's general theory. Then it turns to the illocutionary acts with which much philosophical writing on speech acts has been concerned, and finally to the performatives which Austin's own treatment of speech as action took off from.

scholarly journals Potret Peristiwa Tindak Tutur dalam Kegiatan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB) Lampung Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Ani Susilowati ◽  
Akhadiyatus Sholihah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Data Card ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Recording Technique ◽  
Speech Events

This study describes the portrait of speech acts in the East Lampung religious harmony forum. The aim of this research is to know the portrait of the speech act in the activities of the Religious Harmony Forum (FKUB) in East Lampung. The type of this research is qualitative research that uses a pragmatic approach by applying descriptive qualitative methods. This method is used to describe speech events and speech acts based on the data that has been collected by the writer. To complete the data the writer uses listening technique method and proficient technique. From the two methods the writer uses several techniques, namely instruments, recording technique and writing technique. After extracting the data, the next step is processing and analyzing data by using the following steps; the first data transcript containing the speech act which is transcribed into written language. Second puts the results of the data into the data card. Third, the writer analysis the data based on several aspects that has done by the writer. Fourth, the classification of the data based on the type of speech events and speech acts. Based on the results of the research data analysis, it can be concluded that the speech acts used in the Forum of Religious Harmony are locution of speech acts, perlocution of speech acts, and illocution of speech acts which have four forms, namely 1) assertive (declaring, suggesting, reminding). 2) directive (rule, recommend). 3)  expressiveness (thanking, apologizing, condolence). 4) commissive (offering something).

scholarly journals FUNGSI TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF PERAWAT TERHADAP PASIEN DI RUANG FISIOTERAPI RSU HAJI MEDAN–SUMATRA UTARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Arni Chairul
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Directive Speech

In communicating activities certainly can not be separated from the theory of speech acts. Speech acts as a form of communication event is not an event that happens by itself, but has a function, contains a specific purpose can cause influence or effect on the said partner. The speech acts is a theory that tries to study the meaning of language based on the relationship of speech with the actions performed by the speaker.Language is used by speakers to convey specific intentions to speech partners such as ordering, begging, asking, and etc.Such speech acts as speech acts are grouped into speech acts directive. Speech from a (speaker) is of course not merely the origin of speech, but it contains certain intentions.The classification of speech acting speech function are : competitive,convivial, collaborative, conflictive.The purpose of this study was to identify the function of speech acts of the nurse directive to the patient in the physiotherapy room at RSU. Haji Medan - North Sumatera.This research is a qualitative research using descriptive and comparative method. From the data analysis found the function of speech act directive, competitive 'compete' with its subfunctions to govern and ask; and collaborative functions 'in collaboration' with its subfunctions stating, teaching, reporting and announcing. From the discussion it is suggested that nurses use speech act directive that has indicators of politeness in Indonesian language so that the function of acting speech directive can be achieved in conveying the intent and purpose to the patient.

scholarly journals On Speech Acts

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
I Dewa Putu Wijana
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Research Findings

This paper is intended to give insights to the readers about the development of speech act theories which include categories, characteristics, validities, and strategies. The research begins with the classification of speech acts done by some experts and continues with the description of characteristics and validities carried out especially by Austin and Searle, and ends with speech act strategies developed by Parker and Riley, using examples taken from Indonesian, Javanese, Balinese, and English, four languages that the writer masters relatively well. Most Indonesian, Balinese, and Javanese data together with their context are created intuitively as a native or nearly-native speaker while some English utterances are created and the others extracted from pragmatic textbooks used as references in this study. Research findings show that there are various types of speech acts, and each speech act has its own validity conditions. Among them, illocutionary acts constitute the focal point of pragmatics’ studies. The description shows that every expert of pragmatics uses different categories in classifying illocutionary acts, and the kinds of strategies used to express them.Keywords: pragmatics, speech act, speech act strategy.

scholarly journals SPEECH ACTS IN THE VIDEO SCRIPT OF AN ATHEIST CONVERTING TO ISLAM BY LAMPU ISLAM YOUTUBE CHANNEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Amelia Balqis Siregar ◽  
Efendi Barus
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Perlocutionary Act

This research  was conducted to examine speech act in the video script of Lampu Islam Youtube Channel. The edition of the video is entitled An Atheist Converting to Islam. This study aims to answer the problem about the classification of speech act found in the video script. This research applied the theory of speech act proposed by Austin and further developed by Searle. There are three types of speech act. The classification involves locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts. The result of the research shows that all the type of Speech Act can be found in the video script. The utterances which belong to locutionary act reach four (4) occurrences. For illocutionary, there are two (2) utterances. Then, the utterances of perlocutionary acts occur most dominantly with sixteen (16) occurrences. Perlocutionary act reaches 62.5% occurrences in the video script. From the analysis, it can be concluded that the script is intended to give an effect to the listeners of the channel and to offer ideas to other people.

scholarly journals TINDAK TUTUR PERLOKUSI GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 1 SAWIT BOYOLALI

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Eka Nur Insani ◽  
Atiqa Sabardila
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study reviews the perlocution speech acts of Indonesian language teachers in class XI SMK 1 Sawit, Boyolali. This research aims to describe the classification of perlocution speech acts in Indonesian language teachers in class XI SMK Negeri 1Sawit, Boyolali and to describe its functions. This research used descriptive qualitative methods. The analyses techniques used in this research refer to free skilled, technical notes, and recording. The results showed that there are four types of perlocutionspeech acts. They are directive-perlocution speech act, expressive-perlocution speech act, representative-perlocution speech acts and commissive-perlocution speech acts. The directive-perlocution speech acts were found in the forms of orders, reservationsand giving advice. The expressive perlocution speech acts involves hatred, pleasure, excitement. The representative form of speech acts include affirmation, description, statement of facts and conclusions. The commissive form of speech acts include denial. The results of this research showed that the perlocution speech acts function found in Indonesian language teachers are the functions for competitiveness and fun.

scholarly journals Speech Acts of the Congregational Sermons of the Grand Ayatollah AL- Sistani (2014-2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 589-604
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fleih Hassan ◽  
Ali M. Gharab Al-Mejdawy
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Speech Act Theory ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Clear Idea

          This study investigates the speech acts of  the congregational sermons of the Grand Ayatollah Al:Sistani  2014-2016 , by using a pragmatic analysis. It aims to investigate how these sermons are influential and affective in the society reformation . In order to achieve this study, there are certain hypotheses that have been hypothesized  to get a clear  idea about the study  presented. One of these hypotheses is that congregational sermons have a great impact on societies in all aspects of life , particularly the Islamic societies .This study is  carried out by using Searle’s contributions to speech act theory presented by felicity conditions (1969) and the classification of speech act types (1975).

scholarly journals Argumentation as a Speech Act: A (Provisional) Balance

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (63) ◽  
pp. 357-374
Author(s):  
Paolo Labinaz
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Theoretical Terms ◽  
Normative Model ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Illocutionary Act

This paper investigates whether, and if so, in what way, argumentation can be profitably described in speech-act theoretical terms. I suggest that the two theories of argumentation that are supposed to provide the most elaborate analysis of it in speech-act theoretical terms (namely van Eemeren and Rob Grootendorst’s Pragma-Dialectics and Lilian Bermejo-Luque’s linguistic normative model of argumentation) both suffer from the same two flaws: firstly, their “illocutionary act pluralism” assumption and secondly, a lack of interest in where arguing belongs in the classification of illocutionary acts. I argue that these flaws derive from the authors’ reliance on an intention-based speech-theoretical framework. Finally, I adopt a deontic framework for speech acts in order to propose an alternative way of accounting for argumentation which seems to overcome the two limitations outlined above. According to this framework, argumentation may be conceived as a speech act sequence, characterized by the conventional effects brought about by the communicative moves (as illocutionary acts) of which it is composed.

scholarly journals THE ILLOCUTION SPEECH ACT OF LUDRUK JOKO SAMBANG PENDEKAR GUNUNG GANGSIR SHOW

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Reska Luckiyanti ◽  
Sahid Teguh Widodo ◽  
Edy Tri Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
Java Language ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

AbstractThis research analysed the utterance used in Ludruk, a traditional art originated from East Java. The utterance were used in accordance with the story performed by the artists. This article describes the category of illocution, function, and the purpose of the illocution in the Ludruk Joko Sambang Pendekar Gunung Gangsir showed in Kediri on 2017 by a group of East Java Ludruk artists. The research is descriptive qualitative identifying the illocution speech acts in the Ludruk. Research data are the containing speech act in the Ludruk artists’ dialogue. Data analysis technique is conducted systematically as follows: (1) Transcribing the utterance and translating the Java language into Indonesia language, (2) Categorizing the data, included the illocution utterance, (3) Analyzing data, how the context, function and its purpose. It is found four utterances categories, namely: (1) Assertive category of complaining, suggesting, fulminating, stating, and revealing mode; (2) Expressive category of giving advice, and requesting; (3) Commissive mode category of offering and promising; (4) Expressive mode category of thanking and fulminating. The declarative category is not found in the Ludruk show utterance.  Based on the classification of realization is also found that each utterance has a function to persuade the hearer to do something based on context.Keywords/phrases: pragmatics, illocution speech act, ludrukTINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI PADA PEMENTASAN LUDRUK JOKO SAMBANG PENDEKAR GUNUNG GANGSIRAbstrakPenelitian ini menganalisa ujaran yang digunakan dalam Ludruk, kesenian tradisional yang berasal dari Jawa Timur. Tuturan digunakan sesuai dengan konteks cerita yang dimainkan oleh para pemeran. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan kategori tuturan ilokusi, fungsi, dan maksud dari ilokusi pada pementasan Ludruk lakon  Joko Sambang Pendekar Gunung Gangsir yang dipentaskan di Kediri tahun 2017 oleh kumpulan seniman ludruk Jawa Timur.Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian deskriptif kulitatif dengan objek penelitian tindak tutur ilokusi yang dituturkan oleh pemain ludruk. Data penelitian berupa ujaran yang terdapat pada dialog pemain ludruk yang mengandung tindak tutur ilokusi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara terstruktur, yaitu dengan langkah sebagai berikut: (1) mentraskripsi data dan menerjemahkan ujaran dari bahasa Jawa ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, (2) mengelompokan data yang telah diperoleh, termasuk pada kategori  tuturan ilokusi, (3) menganalisis tiap kategori data yang telah terkumpul, bagaimana konteks, maksud dan fungsinya. Ditemukan empat  kategori tuturan, yakni: (1) Kategori asertif dengan modus mengeluh, mengusulkan, mengecam, menyatakan, mengungkapkan; (2) Kategori ekspresif  dengan modus menasihati, dan memerintah; (3) Kategori komisif modus yang muncul menawarkan, menjanjikan; (4) Kategori ekspresif modus yang muncul  terima kasih dan mengecam. Kategori deklaratif tidak ditemukan pada tuturan pementasan ludruk tersebut. Berdasarkan klasifikasi mengenai relisasijuga ditemukan bahwa setiap tuturan tersebut memiliki fungsi untuk mempengaruhi mitra tutur untuk melakukan tindakan sesuatu yang sesuai dengan konteksnya.Kata Kunci/frase: pragmatik, tindak tutur ilokusi, ludruk

scholarly journals A Socio-pragmatic Analysis of Selected Covid-19-related Utterances

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Acheoah John Emike ◽  
Garba Azika Jega ◽  
Okoh Gloria Onyemariechi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Linguistic Competence ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Structures

This study is a socio-pragmatic analysis of selected utterances of interlocutors whose discourse subject is “Covid-19”. In using language, it is not enough to be grammatical; language use should be underpinned by contextual nuances because this is a good way of using language as actions that produce results or effects. Therefore, the analysis of the selected linguistic structures in this study is an investigation of linguistic competence demonstrated through lexical choices and speech act sequencing. The approach explored in the study is discursive and integrative; for example, instead of strictly listing the speech acts performed in each utterance, they are mentioned in terms of how they impinge on the on-going interaction. The study underscores who says “what?”, “how?” and “why?”. Although this study is mainly hinged on the Pragma-crafting Theory, Bach and Harnish’s [1] speech act taxonomy is explored in the classification of the speech acts performed in the utterances. On the whole, the study concludes that the socio-pragmatic use of language is underpinned by the psychological and situational context(s), and produces expected results due to speaker-hearer shared knowledge.

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