scholarly journals Climate Change and Sustainability in Czech Wheat Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Pavlína Hálová ◽  
◽  
Jiří Mach ◽  
Lukáš Čechura ◽  
Josef Slaboch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Function ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Effect

The paper deals with the analysis of Czech wheat production and its determinants. We use the Just and Pope (1979) stochastic production function to estimate the effects of economic and weather variables, together with technological progress and climate change, on wheat yield in the Czech regions in the period 1961–2018. The results suggest that both economic and environmental factors play important roles in the wheat yield function. The output/input price ratio has a positive effect on the wheat yield. The effects of temperature and precipitation are month-specific and highly non-linear. Technological change also has a positive effect on yield, whereas climate change has a rather negative effect on wheat yield.

Effect of climate change and use of improved varieties on barley and canola yield in Manitoba

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry An ◽  
Richard Carew
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Stochastic Production ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Effect

An, H. and Carew, R. 2015. Effect of climate change and use of improved varieties on barley and canola yield in Manitoba. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 127–139. A stochastic production function was estimated to investigate the effect of fertilizer inputs, changes in weather conditions and the use of improved varieties on barley and canola yields and its variability in Manitoba. Adoption of improved barley varieties did not have a significant effect on yield, while the adoption of herbicide-tolerant hybrid canola varieties was positively correlated with yield. An increasingly warmer climate in Manitoba is expected to have a slightly negative effect on mean barley yield and yield variance. In contrast, a warmer climate is expected to have a negligible effect on mean canola yield, but a positive effect on yield variability. Our results showed that a projected 50% increase in growing degree days would lead to a decrease of less than 1% in barley and canola yields.

scholarly journals Spring wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.) when applying selenium fertilizers in extreme growing conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
I I Seregina ◽  
I G Makarskaya ◽  
A S Tsygutkin ◽  
I V Kirichkova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract To study the effect of sodium Selenite application different methods on the yield of spring wheat varieties, depending on the conditions of water supply, a series of vegetation experiments in accordance with the methodology were carried out. The object of the study is spring wheat of the Zlata variety (Triticum aestivum L.). It was found that the effect of selenium on the yield of wheat of the Zlata variety depended on the method of its application and the conditions of water supply. With optimal water supply, the positive effect of selenium on the yield of spring wheat plants was revealed with both methods of applying sodium selenite. It was found that in conditions of drought, the positive effect of selenium was obtained with both methods of using sodium selenite. The greatest efficiency of selenium is obtained in foliar processing of plants. The increase in grain weight in this variant was 1.4 times. The increase in the share of the agronomic significant part of the wheat crop yield to 36% is shown, which indicates the decrease in the negative effect of drought on the formation of spring wheat yield when using foliar processing of plants.

Analyzing the potential impacts of climate change on rainfed wheat production in Hamedan Province, Iran, via generalized additive models

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Mohammadian Mosammam ◽  
Ali M. Mosammam ◽  
Mozaffar Sarrafi ◽  
Jamileh Tavakoli Nia ◽  
Hassan Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Hamedan Province ◽  
Rainfed Wheat ◽  
Ipcc Sres

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges in the 21st century and the agriculture sector is very vulnerable to this phenomenon. Since wheat is the most important cereal crop in Iran, we aim to analyze the potential impact of climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) on rainfed wheat productivity in Hamedan Province, Iran. For this purpose, generalized additive models have been used to model yields of rainfed wheat based on climatic variables during 2004–2012. Then, based on sensitivity of rainfed wheat to temperature and precipitation in this period, we predict the potential effects of climate change on rainfed wheat yield under the IPCC SRES A1FI and B1 climate change scenarios. Results suggest that yields of rainfed wheat would decrease in all Hamedan's counties primarily because of decreasing October to June precipitation and higher temperature. As a result, it is predicted that the yield of rainfed wheat in Hamedan under the A1F1 and B1 scenarios will fall by 41.3% and 20.6%, respectively, in the 2080s. In other words, according to the A1F1 scenario, in the 2080s, Hamedan Province's rainfed wheat production will decline from 1090 kg/ha to 639 kg/ha and under the B1 scenario to 865 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Its Impact on Nepalese Agriculture

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 62-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Malla
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses ◽  
Crop Simulation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Agriculture And Environment ◽  
Positive Effect

Exponential growth of CO2 and other greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere is causing climate change. It affects agriculture, forestry, human health, biodiversity, snow coverand aquatic to mountain ecosystems. Changes in climatic factors like temperature, solar radiation and precipitation have potentials to influence crop production. Despite many efforts possible on combating impacts of climate change, there are still difficulties in Nepalese agriculture. With an average of 0.06ºC/yea, a rise in temperature from 1975 to 2006 by 1.8ºC has been recorded in the country. Problem of frequent drought, severe floods, landslides and mixed type of effects in agricultural crops have been experienced in Nepal because of climate change. Study done on CO2 enrichment technology at Khumaltar revealed that the yield of rice and wheat increased by 26.6% and 18.4% due to double CO2, 17.1% and 8.6% due to increase in temperature respectively. A crop simulation model (DSSAT) to study the effects of CO2, temperature and rain in NARC showed positive effect in yield of rice and wheat in all regions, but negative effect in maize especially in Terai. In Nepalese agriculture, the time has come for the authorities to find out adaptive measures to mitigate the effects to reduce untold natural calamities and miseries due to recent erratic weather pattern.  Key words: Agricultural crops; GHGs and CO2; Temperature; PrecipitationThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:.9, Jun.2008  page:62-71

scholarly journals Influence of Fertilization System on Wheat Yields in Terms of Global Climate Change

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Miroslav Jelić ◽  
Olivera Nikolić ◽  
D. Knezevic ◽  
Nadica Savic ◽  
G. Dugalić
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wheat Production

Over the last few decades, wheat production, both in Serbia and worldwide, has been practiced under characteristic agrometeorological conditions. It has generally been affected by specific strongly marked agrometeorological and climate extremes, most notably extreme temperature and drought events during critical periods in the growing season, which mostly had a negative impact on the growth, development and yield of wheat in Central Serbia.This paper presents results and discussion on both the potential effect of climate change on winter wheat yield and the possibility to alleviate it through an appropriately adjusted fertilization system.The present study on the effect of different rates and ratios of NPK fertilizers on grain yield in seven winter wheat cultivars under different (dry and “normal“) conditions during the year was conducted in a long-term field experiment at the Small Grains Research Centre in Kragujevac over a period of seven years (2000/01-2006/07).Depending on the fertilization treatment, the average yield reduction in dry years showed 50% variation relative to “normal” years. The highest reduction in grain yield and other productive traits of wheat in dry years was observed in the treatment involving nitrogen nutrition, particularly lower application rates. As compared to the non-treated control, the use of complete NPK fertilization having an increased amount of phosphorus resulted in the lowest yield reduction during the dry years that were unfavorable for winter wheat production. The average grain yield reduction in dry years was lowest in wheat cultivar Matica and highest in Kg-100, respectively.

scholarly journals The link between climate change, food security and fertility: The case of Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258196
Author(s):  
Mengni Chen ◽  
Shah Md Atiqul Haq ◽  
Khandaker Jafor Ahmed ◽  
A. H. M. Belayeth Hussain ◽  
Mufti Nadimul Quamar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Negative Effect

Climate change is likely to worsen the food security situation through its impact on food production, which may indirectly affect fertility behaviour. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of climate change (e.g., temperature and precipitation) via the production of major crops, as well as their short- and long-term effects on the total fertility rate (TFR) in Bangladesh. We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to perform path analysis and distinguish the direct influence of climate change on fertility and its indirect influence on fertility through food security. We also applied the error correction model (ECM) to analyze the time-series data on temperature and precipitation, crop production and fertility rate of Bangladesh from 1966 to 2015. The results show that maximum temperature has a direct effect and indirect negative effect–via crop production–on TFR, while crop production has a direct positive effect and indirect negative effect–via infant mortality–on TFR. In the short term, TFR responds negatively to the maximum temperature but positively in the long term. The effect of rainfall on TFR is found to be direct, positive, but mainly short-term. Although indicators of economic development play an important part in the fertility decline in Bangladesh, some climate change parameters and crop production are non-negligible factors.

Prediction of seeding date in southern Alberta

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Major ◽  
B. D. Hill ◽  
A. Touré
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Seeding Date

Predicting seeding date is an important component of modeling the impact of climate change on agricultural production. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate models for predicting seeding dates based on weather variables. Data from 60 yr of a long-term experiment conducted on a silty clay loam (Dark Brown Chernozem) at Lethbridge, Alberta, were used for modeling seeding dates. Four approaches were used: an empirical model, a stepwise regression analysis, an iterative regression analysis, and a neural network (NN). An accuracy analysis was utilized to compare the results produced by the four methods. The best method was the NN model. It required 17 inputs, derived from date, air temperature and precipitation. The empirical model — which required that maximum temperature be at least 13 °C, that precipitation be less than 1 mm, and that the surface 15 cm of soil moisture be no greater than 90% of field capacity for four consecutive days — was the next best model. Stepwise regression identified air temperature and precipitation as the two most important weather variables. The predictive capability of this method was not satisfactory. Iterative regression analysis, also using maximum air temperature and precipitation, did not produce a satisfactory model. The stepwise and iterative regression methods predicted average seeding dates accurately but did not account for the variability in seeding dates. Key words: Neural network, climate change, model comparisons

scholarly journals Wheat Production Simulation Based on the ALMANAC Model of North China Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Rong ◽  
Chengliang Zhang ◽  
Xuexia Zhang ◽  
Shineng Wu ◽  
Zijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
North China ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
North China Region ◽  
China Region

<p>Wheat (<em>Triticumaestivum</em>) is one of the world's three major food crops, whose production is related to regional food security issues. Studies have shown that technological progress and climate change have a significant impact on wheat yield. We selected North China region as the study site because it is the main producer of wheat and because it experiences active climate change. Using the Agricultural Land Management Alternatives with Numerical Assessment Criteriamodel and statistical analysis method, the following factors were considered to determine the dominant factor that affects wheat production: temperature, precipitation, sunshine, and other climatic factors, mechanical power, irrigation area, chemical fertilizer amount, reservoir total storage capacity, and other technical factors.Results showed that wheat productionis affected by both climatic and non-climatic factors in North China region. Increased temperature has a positive impact on wheat production, whereas reduceds unshine has a negative effect. Warm and dry climate trends areconducive to wheat production. Mechanical tillage and fertilization, irrigation, and water conditions are conducive to the production of wheat, among which water condition has the most significant effect onwheat yield improvement. Compared withthe effects of climaticfactors, those of technical factors are more obvious and direct. In the premise of guaranteed technical conditions, the impactof climate changeonwheat production is more evidentindeveloped areas. Underdeveloped areas of wheat production are more dependent on technological progress; in particular, they rely on the use of chemical fertilizers.</p><p> </p>

Effects of Climate Change on Yield of Winter Wheat in Shangqiu

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4358-4361
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Ben Lin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Extreme Temperatures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Wet Climate

The effects of climatic change on winter wheat yield in Shangqiu City are quantitatively analyzed with the predictive results of future climate change. The results show that winter wheat yield in Shangqiu City presented a fluctuated increase for overall trend. Principal component analysis indicates that air temperature, precipitation, evaporation and extreme temperatures are the main factors affecting winter wheat yield, and excessive evaporation and extremely-low temperatures are unfavorable for wheat production. The warm-and-wet climate in Shangqiu is beneficial for improvement of winter wheat production, while the cold-and-dry climate is unbeneficial.

scholarly journals KOMERSIALISASI PADA PRODUKTIVITAS LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nanette Indira Wibowo ◽  
Deny Dwi Hartomo
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Loan Portfolio ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Yield Rate ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Effect

<p><em>The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of commercialization on the productivity of MFIs in Indonesia by using variable profitability consisting of proxies ROA, ROE, NIM and variable liabilities consisting of proxies size of the loan portfolio and leverage. The research is explanatory research with purposive sampling technique in MFIs in Indonesia to use data sources Microfinance Information Exchange from 2010-2015. The samples used in this study were 40 rural banks.</em></p><p><em>Results showed that the profitability and liabilities simultaneously significant positive effect on Yield Rate. And partially, ROE ROA NIM significant positive effect on Yield Rate with a significance level of 5%, 5% and 5%. While the loan portfolio positive effect was not significant to Yield Rate, and leverage negative effect not significant to Yield Rate.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: productivity, microfinance institutions, profitability, liabilities</em></p>

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