scholarly journals Margaret Harkness

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
The Social ◽  
East End ◽  
Global Travel ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Insight Into

This volume is the first to bring together research on the life and work of the author, activist, and traveller Margaret Harkness, who wrote under the pseudonym ‘John Law’. The collection contextualises Harkness’s political project of observing and recording the lives and priorities of the working classes and urban poor alongside the broader efforts of philanthropists, political campaigners, journalists, and novelists who sought to bring the plight of marginalised communities to light at the end of the nineteenth century. It argues for a recognition of Harkness’s importance in providing testimony to the social and political crises that led to the emergence of British socialism and labour politics during this period. This collection includes considerations of Harkness’s work in London’s East End at the end of the nineteenth century, but moves into the twentieth century and beyond Britain’s borders to examine the significance of her global travel for the purpose of investigating international political trends. This collection gives substance to women’s social engagement and political involvement in a period prior to their formal enfranchisement, and offers insight into the ways this effected shifts in literary style and subject. In offering a detailed picture of Harkness’s own life and illuminating the lives and work of her contemporaries, this volume enriches critical understanding of the complex and dynamic world of the long nineteenth century.

The Social Division of Welfare

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Richard M. Titmuss
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Social Betterment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Interpretation Of Change ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter looks at how some students of social policy see the development of ‘The Welfare State’ in historical perspective as part of a broad, ascending road of social betterment provided for the working classes since the nineteenth century and achieving its goal in the present time. This interpretation of change as a process of unilinear progression in collective benevolence for these classes led to the belief that in the year 1948 ‘The Welfare State’ was established. Since then, successive governments, Conservative and Labour, have busied themselves with the more effective operation of the various services. Both parties have also claimed the maintenance of ‘The Welfare State’ as an article of faith.

The Gender of Subscribers to Eighteenth-Century Music Publications

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 94-152
Author(s):  
Simon D. I. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social History ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Musical Interests ◽  
Insight Into

One of the most important and valuable resources available to researchers of eighteenth-century social history are the lists of subscribers that were attached to a wide variety of publications. Yet, the study of this type of resource remains one of the areas most neglected by academics. These lists shed considerable light on the nature of those who subscribed to music, including their social status, place of employment, residence, and musical interests. They naturally also provide details as to the gender of individual subscribers.As expected, subscribers to most musical publications were male, but the situation changed considerably as the century progressed, with more females subscribing to the latest works by the early nineteenth century. There was also a marked difference in the proportion of male and female subscribers between works issued in the capital cities of London and Edinburgh and those written for different genres. Female subscribers also appear on lists to works that they would not ordinarily be permitted to play. Ultimately, a broad analysis of a large number of subscription lists not only provides a greater insight into the social and economic changes that took place in Britain over the course of the eighteenth century, but also reveals the types of music that were favoured by the members of each gender.

scholarly journals Proletarian Politics Today: On the Perils and Possibilities of Historical Analogy

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historical Analogy

AbstractWhen contemporary dispossessed urban classes are figured as a “proletariat,” a potent historical analogy is activated in which the well-documented experience of the burgeoning industrial working classes of nineteenth-century Europe provides an implicit template for interpreting events and processes far removed in time and space. Yet Karl Marx's own deployment of the figure of the proletariat, which often provides the inspiration and model for such analogic moves, was itself in its own time already a complex historical analogy, invoking the social hierarchies of ancient Rome. Rethinking this doubly analogical intellectual history provides an occasion both for considering the uses and abuses of historical analogy, and for using a reflection on the original (Roman) proletarians as a conceptual lever for prying apart some outdated assumptions about the contemporary politics of certain propertyless urban populations, in southern Africa and beyond.

Social and Intercultural Relations in Nineteenth-Century Zanzibar: Dressed Identity

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Vander biesen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Nineteenth Century Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Richard Burton ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Detailed Picture ◽  
Century Literature

Abstract Starting from the nineteenth century descriptive literatures on Zanzibar by authors such as Sir Richard Burton and Charles Guillain, and Salima bint Said-Ruete's autobiography, we can draw a rather detailed picture of the relationship between the different social layers, cultures and genders on Zanzibar. Describing and differentiating the complexity of Zanzibar society in the nineteenth century is the main aim of this paper. The focus is on clothing in order to sketch the social organization of the society and to highlight the cultural relations between the different groups in Zanzibar. The evidence obtained from the description of clothing is used as an eye-opener for the Zanzibar society and this evidence is supported by nineteenth century literature and photography on Zanzibar.

De generatie-Van der Palm, 1760‐1840: Nederlandse academische theologen en de productie van religieuze kennis

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Joris van Eijnatten
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Professional Context

For a proper understanding of theology, an insight into the social and professional context in which it arises is at least as important as an appraisal of its content. This article examines the theological knowledge generated by a group of eighteenth and nineteenth-century academics represented by Johannes Hendrik van der Palm (1763‐1840), one of the leading theologians of his generation. Using (among other things) statistical data concerning the knowledge produced by these theologians, a sketch is offered of the social and scholarly environment in which their theology arose. It is demonstrated that the credibility of theological knowledge is to a large extent dependant on the means by, and the circumstances in which, such knowledge is produced.

scholarly journals ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΙΚΗ ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΡΓΑΤΙΚΑ ΑΤΥΧΗΜΑΤΑ ΣΤΟΝ ΠΕΙΡΑΙΑ ΤΟ ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΟ ΤΡΙΤΟ ΤΟΥ 19ου ΑΙΩΝΑ

Μνήμων ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
ΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ ΚΟΚΚΙΝΑΚΗΣ
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The City

<p>John Kokkinakis, Philanthropy, technical education and labour accidentsin Piraeus in the last third of nineteenth century</p><p>Concern for the relief of poverty, the support and education of orphansand the living conditions of the working classes was in nineteenth centuryGreece a response to complex social phenomena: urbanization and industrialization,the emergence of new types of poverty and unemployment,the forging of class consciousness in the middle and upper socialclasses.This article reviews the formation and activities of the orphanageof E. Zani in Piraeus and the emergence of specialized technical institutionsin this industrial and commercial port. Documents from charitableactivities of the city magistrates enable us to draw useful informationsregarding the urban poor and unemployed population. The economicand social problems related with labour discipline in general and childlabour in particular may explain the importance of the ideological andcompulsory factors mobilized for ensuring social and industrial peace.In this respect, it was crucial to undertake a new approach towardpoverty, work, and leisure and new educational practices embodyingsuch values as discipline, thrift, diligence and respect.</p>

scholarly journals Historical complexity of myth: in search of the genesis of the whip-dance whereby Wayana dance in imitation of Tamok (Eastern Guiana Highlands)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Duin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
First Century ◽  
Evil Spirit ◽  
Ritual Performance ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Insight Into

This article discusses the conditions of the genesis of the nineteenth century Wayana whip-dance, aiming for what Terence Turner coined "ethno-ethnohistory", through the method of Neil Whitehead's "ethnography of historical consciousness". This study outlines an indigenous historical consciousness of the social present in Guiana as related to events from the past, by means of the entanglement of things, places, and people related to this whip-dance ritual. The article discusses the Eastern Guiana whip-dance as a social field of interaction in three regions and three time periods: (1) the Upper Maroni Basin (French Guiana and Suriname) in the early twenty-first century; (2) the Franco-Brazilian Contested area (today's Brazilian Amapá) in the nineteenth century; and (3) a posited origin of this 'mythstory' at the Lower Amazon in the sixteenth century. Rather than conducting a study of a 'lost tradition', these three case-studies will provide insight into the process of how Wayana indigenous people have managed their histories of first contact in Guiana through ritual performance and the materialization of the evil spirit Tamok.

scholarly journals Flânerie in Valerie Tagwira’s The Uncertainty of Hope

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pfalzgraf
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Valerie Tagwira’s debut novel The Uncertainty of Hope, set in Harare in 2005, depicts the city on the brink of collapse, characterized by the effects of economic crisis and political violence against the urban poor. Political marginalization of the working classes and gender-based violence intersect and diminish the prospects for the social and spatial mobility of the urban poor. In this article I apply the lens of flânerie to the pedestrian movements of Tagwira’s protagonist Onai Moyo, an impoverished woman who makes a living by selling vegetables on Harare’s streets. In order to make a case for Onai’s ‘flânerie against all odds’, I revisit Walter Benjamin’s theorization as well as recent scholarly engagements with flânerie in non-European settings. By giving her protagonist a gaze traditionally associated with a European middle-class urbanity of the 19th century, Tagwira expands a tradition of city writing/walking and, like other contemporary engagements with flânerie, also breathes new life into a concept often pronounced inappropriate or unproductive for readings of non-European literature. 

From Old World to New Shores

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Simonett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old World ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This chapter presents a brief history of the accordion, from its experimental beginning in the early nineteenth century to its phenomenal rise as a truly global commodity, emphasizing the social predicament that relegated this instrument to a marginal position within the (educated) musical world. While the accordion at first was an expensive and hence exclusive instrument in upper-class drawing rooms, by the last quarter of the nineteenth century it had spread to the middle and working classes. The accordion of the nineteenth century was a symbol of progress and modernity as well as of mass culture and industrialization. This dichotomy is one of the reasons for the elite's ambivalence towards and uneasiness with the accordion.

Classless: On the Social Status of Jews in Russia and Eastern Europe in the Late Nineteenth Century

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Lederhendler
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
East European ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Social

In this paper I examine the economic and political factors that undermined the social class structure in an ethnic community—the Jews of Russia and eastern Europe at the end of the nineteenth century. Compared with the documented rise and articulation of working classes in non-Jewish society in that region, Jews were caught in an opposite process, largely owing to discriminatory state policies and social pressures: Among Jews, artisans and petty merchants were increasingly reduced to a single, caste-like status. A Jewish middle class of significant size did not emerge from the petty trade sector and no significant industrial working class emerged from the crafts sector. Historians have largely overlooked the significance of these facts, in part because they have viewed this east European situation as a mere preamble to more sophisticated, modern class formation processes among immigrant Jews in Western societies, particularly in light of the long-term middle-class trajectory of their children. Those historians interested in labor history have mainly shown interest in such continuity as they could infer from the self-narratives of the Jewish labor movement, and have thus overstated the case for a long-standing Jewish “proletarian” tradition. In reassessing the historical record, I wish to put the Jewish social and economic situation in eastern Europe into better perspective by looking at the overall social and economic situation, rather than at incipient worker organizations alone. I also query whether a developing class culture, along the lines suggested by E. P. Thompson, was at all in evidence before Jewish mass emigration. This paper is thus a contribution to the history of labor—rather than organized labor—as well as a discussion of the roots of ethnic economic identity.

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