scholarly journals Long-Term Performance of Pavement Structures with Cold In-Place Recycled Base Course

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-65
Author(s):  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Judita Gražulytė ◽  
Andrius Baltrušaitis ◽  
Jurgita Židanavičiūtė ◽  
Donatas Čygas
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Binding Agents ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Surface Distress ◽  
Foamed Bitumen

Properly designed and maintained asphalt pavements operate for ten to twenty-five years and have to be rehabilitated after that period. Cold in-place recycling has priority over all other rehabilitation methods since it is done without preheating and transportation of reclaimed asphalt pavement. Multiple researches on the performance of cold recycled mixtures have been done; however, it is unclear how the entire pavement structure (cold recycled asphalt pavement overlaid with asphalt mixture) performs depending on binding agents. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of cold in-place recycled asphalt pavements considering binding agents (foamed bitumen in combination with cement or only cement) and figure out which binder leads to the best pavement performance. Three road sections rehabilitated in 2000, 2003, and 2005 were analysed. The performance of the entire pavement structure was evaluated in terms of the International Roughness Index, rut depth, and pavement surface distress in 2013 and 2017.

scholarly journals Development of a Full-Depth Wheel Tracking Test for Asphalt Pavement Structure: Methods and Performance Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Zepeng Fan ◽  
Jiupeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Wheel Tracking Test ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Wheel Tracking

The rutting performance of asphalt pavement structure relies on the high temperature properties of asphalt mixture as well as the pavement structure and thickness. In order to investigate the influence of the structure and thickness, a full-depth wheel tracking test is developed in this research by improving the conventional wheel tracking test apparatus. The newly proposed test method is capable of varying its load speed and load size, controlling its specimen temperature gradient, and simulating the support conditions of actual asphalt pavement. The full-depth wheel tracking test based rutting performance evaluation of different asphalt pavement structures indicates that it is not reasonable to explain the rutting performance of asphalt pavement structure from the point of view of single-layer asphalt mixture rutting performance. The developed full-depth wheel tracking test can be used to distinguish rutting performance of different asphalt pavement structures, and two of five typical asphalt pavement structures commonly used in Shanxi Province were suggested for use in practical engineering.

scholarly journals Sustainability of the Optimum Pavement Model of Reclaimed Asphalt from a Used Pavement Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edis Softić ◽  
Veljko Radičević ◽  
Marko Subotić ◽  
Željko Stević ◽  
Zlatan Talić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling ◽  
Influential Parameters ◽  
Recycled Material

This paper demonstrates and provides additional findings and instructions to produce new cold-recycled layers of pavement structures spatially and temporally sustainable. At the same time, recycled pavement structures have been enhanced with optimum amounts of new stone materials and binders made of cement and foamed bitumen. The subject of the research is based on the examination of recycled asphalt from surface and bituminous base courses of pavement structures for use on higher-type roads. The aim of the research is to model the process of producing recycled asphalt by cold recycling to optimize the process of influential parameters. In addition, one of the primary goals of the research is to demonstrate a sustainable way of producing new cold-recycled layers of pavement structures. The obtained results indicated the inevitability of the use of recycled material from pavement structures with the possibility of applying secondary and tertiary crushing of recycled mass, which depends on the type of layer for which the recycled material would be used. The research resulted in an optimum mixture variant of the stabilization layer of pavement structure that consists mainly of recycled material from a worn pavement structure improved with a relatively small amount of new aggregate with the addition of minimal stabilizers made of cement and foamed bitumen. The results showed that the optimum mixture variant of the stabilization layer is spatially and temporally stable. Additionally, the presented optimum variant of the stabilization layer enables sustainable development of road networks with minimum consumption of new natural resources.

Cracks Resisting Mechanism Analysis of Large Stone Mixture Base Based on Mechanics Calculations

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 729-736
Author(s):  
Hong Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Large Stone ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Pavement Structures

In order to study the cracks resisting mechanism of large stone asphalt mixture base, a multi-layer elastic theory program was used to calculate the loading stress in different pavement structures. Then a Finite Element model was established based on a twinkling heat conduct hypothesis to calculate temperature stress and strain of pavement structure when temperature dropped. Finally, the stress and strain of all the structural layers was calculated considering the coupling effect of loading and temperature. It is found that temperature stress which is caused by temperate quick dropped is far more lager than loading stress cause by standard loading, while considering the co-effect of vehicle loading and temperature quickly dropped. Thus it is revealed that cracking in pavement is mainly caused by temperature quickly dropped. By contrast, it is found that pavement stress and strain caused by loading and temperature of the structure with asphalt macadam mixture (ATB30) base are less than that of the conventional semi-rigid pavement. Finally, an asphalt macadam mixture base applied in asphalt pavement structure is believed to be an efficient way in reducing asphalt pavement cracking.

Review of Lithuanian Experience in Asphalt Pavements Cold Recycling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Judita Gražulytė ◽  
Lina Juknevičiūtė-Žilinskienė ◽  
Vitalijus Andrejevas
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Pavement Rehabilitation ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Base Course ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

One of the key goals in the EU White Paper is to reduce carbon emissions in transport by 60% by 2050. Consequently, during the past years an effect on the environment became a decisive factor in selecting materials and technologies for road construction and rehabilitation. Cold recycling is a reasonable solution in asphalt pavement rehabilitation because it is economical and old asphalt pavements can be reused. This technology differs from others by mixing temperature. Besides, cold recycling does not require additional heating. These benefits result in wide application of cold recycling around the world. In Lithuania, cold recycling has been used for more than 15 years. Both technologies, i.e. cold in-plant recycling and cold in-place recycling, were used. In both technologies reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is bound with bituminous binders (foamed bitumen or bitumen emulsion), hydraulic binders (cement) or a combination of bituminous and hydraulic binders depending on the base course specifications. This paper focuses on the Lithuanian experience in cold recycling of asphalt pavements using different types of cold recycling and binders.

scholarly journals Effects of Paving Technology, Pavement Materials, and Structures on the Fatigue Property of Double-Layer Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Changqing Deng ◽  
Yingjun Jiang ◽  
Zhanchuang Han ◽  
Hongwei Lin ◽  
Jiangtao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Weibull Distribution ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Pavement Structures

Double-layer paving technology, which is a new technology for construction asphalt pavements, has received increasing research attention for several years. However, few studies have focused on the effect of asphalt pavement layer thickness and mixture-type combinations on the fatigue properties of a double-layer pavement. Therefore, the fatigue properties of the double-layer and traditionally paved asphalt pavements were studied in this work. The effects of two paving technologies, three mixture combinations, and two asphalt layer thickness combinations on the fatigue properties of asphalt pavements were studied through bending beam tests, and a fatigue equation of different asphalt pavements was established using the two-parameter Weibull distribution. Subsequently, the fatigue lives of different pavements were compared and analyzed under the same cyclic load. Results indicate that the flexural strength and fatigue life of the double-layer pavement increased by at least 10% and 54%, respectively, compared with those of a traditionally paved pavement structure. The goodness of fit of the equation established using the Weibull distribution exceeded 0.90. For the traditional paving technology, compared with the pavement structure combination of 4-cm AC-13 surface layer/6-cm AC-20 bottom layer, the fatigue life of a 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer can be increased by at least 8%, while the fatigue lives of other pavement structures are reduced significantly. The results also indicate that the fatigue life of the double-layer pavement structure with the 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer can be increased by at least 114% compared with that of the traditionally paved pavement structure (4-cm AC-13 surface layer/6-cm AC-20 bottom layer). Additionally, the fatigue lives of other pavement structures can be improved. To effectively improve the fatigue life of an asphalt pavement, a double-layer pavement structure with the 3-cm AC-13 surface layer/7-cm AC-20 bottom layer combination is recommended.

Key Technique on the Process Control for Construction of Hohhot Circle Expressway Asphalt Pavements

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1748-1753
Author(s):  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Pei Wen Hao
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Rigid Base ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Major Section

As vehicle flow on arterial highway in Inner Mongolia sharply increased, the originally designed natural increase rate of 8% per year has been exceeded on the vehicle flow in some sections. According to statistics, monthly average vehicle flow on major section of G6 expressway has reached a standard flow of 67478 vehicles per day and night, of which in 70-80% are large ones for coal transportation. Therefore, pavement load and road capacity have exceed the designed expressway load capacity. At present, semi-rigid base asphalt pavement structure is still widely used for high-grade highway pavement in Inner Mongolia. With years of construction for such pavement structure, a great deal of valuable experience has been gained on construction technology. However, there are still a few deficiencies in the quality of raw materials, gradation control of asphalt mixture and adjustment of equipment, etc. Hohhot circle expressway connects with the G6 and G7 expressways, suffering from problems such as large vehicle flow and load overweight. This paper introduced a key technique that should be properly controlled during construction of such pavement structure, emphasized technique control and management of the following aspects, i.e. ballast sizes and gradation control, asphalt concrete mixture, adjustment of pavers, validation of mixing proportion in production and reasonable arrangement of process, and summarized corresponding technical measures taken during construction of asphalt pavement in this project.

scholarly journals Research and Analysis on the Principle in Plant Cold Recycling for Foamed Bitumen and Mixture Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zecheng Ni ◽  
Shijing Chen ◽  
Yihuan Li ◽  
Hongxi Peng ◽  
Jiawen Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

The early asphalt pavement in our country severely reduced the road performance due to various external factors during the use process. According to incomplete statistics, there are more asphalt pavements that need to be renovated and repaired every year in China, and the amount of construction waste such as asphalt concrete and other construction waste reaches 1,000. About ten thousand tons. If such a huge amount of construction waste is not used, it will inevitably cause great pollution to the environment. If it can be reused, not only will it be environmentally friendly and energy-saving, it will also save more than one billion yuan in costs. In view of the above problems, this article conducts related Research and Analysis on the Principle in Plant Cold Recycling for Foamed Bitumen and Mixture Performance to provide reference for future projects.

scholarly journals Unified Strength Model of Asphalt Mixture under Various Loading Modes

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengdong Xia ◽  
Songtao Lv ◽  
Lingyun You ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Yipeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Strength Model ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Direct Tension ◽  
Indirect Tension ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Loading Modes

Although the rutting resistance, fatigue cracking, and the resistance to water and frost are important for the asphalt pavement, the strength of asphalt mixture is also an important factor for the asphalt mixture design. The strength of asphalt mixture is directly associated with the overall performance of asphalt mixture. As a top layer material of asphalt pavement, the strength of asphalt mixture plays an indispensable role in the top structural bearing layer. In the present design system, the strength of asphalt pavement is usually achieved via the laboratory tests. The stress states are usually different for the different laboratory approaches. Even at the same stress level, the laboratory strengths of asphalt mixture obtained are significantly different, which leads to misunderstanding of the asphalt mixtures used in asphalt pavement structure design. The arbitrariness of strength determinations affects the effectiveness of the asphalt pavement structure design in civil engineering. Therefore, in order to overcome the design deviation caused by the randomness of the laboratory strength of asphalt mixtures, in this study, the direct tension, indirect tension, and unconfined compression tests were implemented on the specimens under different loading rates. The strength model of asphalt mixture under different loading modes was established. The relationship between the strength ratio and loading rate of direct tension, indirect tension, and unconfined compression tests was adopted separately. Then, one unified strength model of asphalt mixture with different loading modes was established. The preliminary results show that the proposed unified strength model could be applied to improve the accurate degree of laboratory strength. The effectiveness of laboratory-based asphalt pavement structure design can therefore be promoted.

Contrastive Studies of Asphalt Pavement on Suction Exothermic Properties and Cooling Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 290-296
Author(s):  
Wei Guang Li ◽  
Zhi Dong Han ◽  
Zhen Bei Lv ◽  
Yan Hong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Storage ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Regular Pattern ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Quantity Of Heat

It is important to reduce asphalt mixture strong absorption characteristics to improve anti-rutting ability and reduce the urban heat island effect. This paper firstly studies the suction and exothermic regular pattern of existing three types, five kinds of asphalt pavement structure. It turns out that there are differences in suction and exothermic characteristics of different types of pavement structure. Suspension close-grained type structure has higher adiabatic heating; gap-type skeleton has faster speed of suction and exothermic; and dense skeleton has more total quantity of heat storage. Accordingly, test and analysis of cooling effect of Gap-type skeleton asphalt pavement has conducted by adopting smear reflective materials to reduce reflectance and surface adding insulation materials, The results show that reducing reflectivity is the best way which can reduce by 5 centigrade around. In addition , improving effectiveness has also been studied by adding light-colored stone partly replacing mineral aggregate, and substituting busing mullite for aggregate below2.36 mm is the best cooling way ,which can reduce by 3.3 centigrade.

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