History of Engineering Sciences and Institutions of Higher Education

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Engineering

Engineering Creativity

1974 ◽  
Vol 188 (1) ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Front Line ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Post Market ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
History Of Engineering

The example of Boulton and Watt demonstrates the main factors in the creative process: recognition of a problem (thermal losses in the cylinder walls in a Newcomen engine), scientific knowledge (that steam would expand into an evacuated chamber), inspiration and understanding between inventor and administrator. These themes are traced through the more recent history of engineering in Britain, and the lecture discusses the importance of a favourable ambience and the interaction of individuals and organizations. In the education of engineers, institutions of higher education and post-market training arrangements both have parts to play; and although creativity cannot be taught to those who are devoid of it, and although some men will be highly creative irrespective of the way in which they have been educated, a suitable education will speed their progress to the front line of their activity—and it may tip the balance in the case of the much larger number who possess some innate creativity, but who may be discouraged from developing it by unimaginative training. The master/apprentice relation remains the most promising approach, and, more than anything else, a sense of purpose is needed on a national scale if creativity is to be encouraged.

Khorasan, the Birthplace of Post-Classical Philosophy, a Land in Decline?

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-76
Author(s):  
Frank Griffel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Classical Philosophy

Post-classical philosophy in Islam developed during the sixth/twelfth century in the eastern Islamic lands, in Iraq, Iran, and what is today Central Asia. Tracing the conditions and circumstances of its development requires an understanding of the political context, the patterns of patronage, and institutions of higher education and of research during this era. This chapter offers an introduction to the political history of the sixth/twelfth century with a focus on the courts that offered patronage to philosophers, and it analyzes the proliferation of madrasas during this era and their role for higher education and research.

Deification in the Long Nineteenth Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-81
Author(s):  
Ruth Coates
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Expressions ◽  
Russian Religious Thought ◽  
The Church

Chapter 2 sets out the history of the reception of deification in Russia in the long nineteenth century, drawing attention to the breadth and diversity of the theme’s manifestation, and pointing to the connections with inter-revolutionary religious thought. It examines how deification is understood variously in the spheres of monasticism, Orthodox institutions of higher education, and political culture. It identifies the novelist Fedor Dostoevsky and the philosopher Vladimir Soloviev as the most influential elite cultural expressions of the idea of deification, and the primary conduits through which Western European philosophical expressions of deification reach early twentieth-century Russian religious thought. Inspired by the anthropotheism of Feuerbach, and Stirner’s response to this, Dostoevsky brings to the fore the problem of illegitimate self-apotheosis, whilst Soloviev, in his philosophy of divine humanity, bequeaths deification to his successors both as this is understood by the church and in its iteration in German metaphysical idealism.

Latin Music Studies at Texas State University

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludim Pedroza
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
State University ◽  
School Of Music ◽  
Professional Degree ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latin Music ◽  
A Minor

The Latin Music Studies (LMS) area at the Texas State University School of Music offers degree-granting programs with concentrations in mariachi and salsa. Such programs are still rare in mainstream US institutions of higher education. LMS founder John Lopez has recently developed a minor in mariachi, which in conjunction with the professional degree in music education provides students with fundamental skills in mariachi ensemble management, pedagogy, performance, and creative musicianship. The history of the minor in mariachi at Texas State University and the prominent presence of mariachi in middle schools and high schools suggest a future wherein the mariachi ensemble in Texas may enter the standard ensemble trio of the choir, band, and orchestra.

scholarly journals Venezuelan Higher Education: The Chavez Revolution

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Levy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of

Hugo Chavez's clash with Venezuelan higher education is a vivid present-day example of a history of confrontation between leftist, populist regimes and higher education in Latin America. Chavez has transformed the public sector through creation and expansion of new universities. Chavez's policies have alienated the country's private institutions of higher education. Both public and private universities are reduced in importance.

scholarly journals Engineering education in Serbia, problem identification and proposals for solution

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojo Andjus ◽  
Dragoslav Stojic
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Educational Domain ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The University ◽  
History Of Engineering

Tins paper deals with Serbian higher education, especially in engineering, and with modern tendencies in the globalization of European engineering education based on Bologna Declaration. The main goal of this paper is to explain the existing system of engineering education in the Republic of Serbia: Scientific Universities with different Technical Faculties and Higher vocational technical schools. History of engineering education in the Republic of Serbia from the first Engineering Schools in 1846, then the Technical Faculty of Great School in 1863 and finally the University in 1905 will he presented as well as a comparative analysis of other relevant Universities (Technical) in Europe. Special focus will be done on the present state of affairs in the above-mentioned education with concrete measures for improvement of engineering education according to the actual European tendency. At the same time a necessity and a need for rapid, rational and efficient reforms and restructuring of Serbian higher education, especially in organizational, financial and educational domain, will be discussed.

Weber’s Science as a Vocation: A moment in the history of “is” and “ought”

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-307
Author(s):  
Steven Shapin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Thorstein Veblen ◽  
Scientific Naturalism ◽  
University Of Munich ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
A Performance

This essay situates Weber’s 1917 lecture Science as a Vocation in relevant historical contexts. The first context is thought about the changing nature of the scientific role and its place in institutions of higher education, and attention is drawn to broadly similar sentiments expressed by Thorstein Veblen. The second context is that of scientific naturalism and materialism and related sentiments about the “conflicts” between natural science and religion. Finally, there is the context of Weber’s lecture as a performance played out before a specific academic audience at the University of Munich, and the essay suggests the pertinence of that performance to an appreciation of the lecture’s meaning.

Mechatronics - The Innovation Request

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Irschik ◽  
Michael Krommer ◽  
Manfred Nader ◽  
Christian Zehetner
Keyword(s):  
Shape Control ◽  
Smart Structures ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Engineering ◽  
Dynamic Shape

Smart structures, which are equipped with piezoelectric actuators and sensors, and which involve automatic control, represent an important branch of Mechatronics. This paper gives a review over own research on smart structures, which has been performed during the last decade based on the principles of analogy and interdisciplinarity. The latter principles form a research strategy, which seems to be perfectly suited in order to answer the innovation request in Mechatronics, namely to decrease the time-lag between consecutive steps in the scientific development, and to keep fundamental and applied research in close co-operation. We start our report with a short excursion into the history of engineering sciences, in order to demonstrate this time-lag, where we use the history of elastic and piezoelastic plates as an example, and we discuss the notions of analogy and interdisciplinarity as means to systematically decrease the timelag. In our own work, we particularly have used an eigenstrain analogy as guideline. In the light of this analogy, various own works in the following fields are reviewed: Accurate electromechanically modeling; dynamic shape control by piezoelectric actuation and sensing; extension of dynamic shape control to closed loop control and active noise cancellation.

scholarly journals MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ACTIVITY OF KRYVYI RIH STATE PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE: THE FIRST YEARS OF P.I. SHEVCHENKO'S RECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
Iia Kovalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
State Pedagogical ◽  
Pedagogical Institute ◽  
History Of

It’s proved that it’s necessary to study the activity of domestic, pedagogical institutions of higher education from the standpoint of the history of pedagogy, to describe in detail the educational-methodical and scientific-organizational work of institutes/universities and individual figures of the domestic educational branch. This approach allows: to reproduce a holistic picture of the development of the national education system, to track the formation and development of pedagogical ideas, concepts, which have their continuation in the modern scientific and pedagogical discourse. Although domestic science has significant achievements in various areas of historical and pedagogical knowledge, it still needs its study and generalization of step-by-step comprehensive reproduction of the history of individual institutions of higher education. Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University is 90 years old, so there is a need to study its experience in training teachers, as the institute was and remains the only specialized (pedagogical) institution of higher education in the Dnieper region. The author of the article believes that a significant contribution to the development of the Kryvyi Rih Pedagogical Institute was made by the rector - Pavel Ivanovich Shevchenko, who began working in the position in the late 70's of the twentieth century. At the beginning of his organizational-pedagogical and scientific-methodical activity the rector identified the main areas of work that contributed to the development of the university: quality training of part-time students (organization of independent work, cooperation with teachers, individualization of the learning process), general pedagogization of the educational process. organization of pedagogical practice, development of methodical recommendations on pedagogical practice, cooperation between methodologists of different departments) raising the level of qualification cadre of KPI (defense of candidate and doctoral dissertations, internships) and research (group) work of students. The author is convinced that certain areas remain relevant in modern conditions. The formation of the student's personality in higher pedagogical educational institutions will be effective only if the historical educational experience accumulated in Ukraine is used, thorough study, objective assessment and creative understanding of which will help to introduce the best achievements of higher education into modern pedagogical theory and practice.

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