scholarly journals Forecast of Latvian Age Structure

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Leonids Petersons
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Annual Decline

Using the developed mathematical model for forecasting population and age structure in Latvia, the structure of different generations in Latvia has been calculated. This model is based on generally available statistics on the population and birth rates in 1990-2018. Using these data, we have calculated coefficients that characterize the annual decline in population due to mortality and migration. Using fertility indicators in each fertile group, forecasts of births for the coming years are made, and the estimated population in Latvia is calculated. Forecasts are extrapolated to 2050. The forecast shows that in 2050 the population in Latvia will decrease to one million. Using generic population breakdown by generation, the number of people in each generation in Latvia has been calculated from 2018 onwards. On the basis of this calculation, an overview of the proportions of generations in the Latvian labor market over the years has been developed. Based on forecasts of demographic structure, it is calculated what proportion of workers in Latvia will be formed by popular age group – Millenials. It is shown that this generation’s proportion will exceed 40% of the number of employees already in 2030.

Demographic echoes of the maternity data in the Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Marasovic Šušnjara
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Live Birth Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Policy Measures

Abstract Background The demographic situation in the Split-Dalmatia County (SDC) is characterized by negative trends in the new millennium. Such a demographic picture entails many societal challenges. Considering the far-reaching consequences of population decline, the goal is to show what maternity data have been like in the SDC in the last decade. Methods Individual birth reports from health institutions in the SDC were used in the presentation of the maternity data. Demographic indicators were calculated based on data from the Croatian Bureau of Statistics. Results In 2018, in the SDC were reported 4,438 deliveries (13% less vs 2009; 5,103 deliveries) with a total of 4,577 children delivered, whereof 4,561 were live births and 16 were stillbirths. From a total of 4,516 live births, 13 live-born neonates died during the first week of their life. Most of women in labor (89%) were residents of the SDC. The average age of the new mothers was 28.9 years (in 2009; 26.9 years). Childbirth was most frequently recorded in the maternal age group 30 -34 (1,556 deliveries, i.e. 110,9/1,000 women of said age group; 92/1,000 in 2009). Among childbearing women with known data on earlier deliveries (4,431), 2,029 or 45.8% had their first deliveries, 1,549 or 35% had their second deliveries, 808 or 18% had their third or higher birth order deliveries. According to an estimate in 2018, 448,071 people lived in the SDC, less 1.5% from the last census (2011). The live birth rate was 9.5 /1,000 in 2018 (2009; 10.9/1,000). The total fertility rate was 1.53 in 2018 (2009; 1.6). The natural increase rate in 2018 was negative at -1.8 (-830 persons) (2009; 0.5 (250 persons)). Conclusions Depopulation, low birth rates and fertility, are the demographic reality of Split-Dalmatia County as well as Croatia, which requires adoption and implementation of various public policy measures that positively affect fertility to improve the demographic picture. Key messages Depopulation, low birth rates and fertility, are the demographic reality of Split-Dalmatia County as well as Croatia. Adoption and implementation of various public policy measures that positively affect fertility to improve the demographic picture are needed.

scholarly journals Current state of Donetsk dendroflora

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Alexandr Zakharovych Glukhov ◽  
Lyudmila Valerievna Kharkhota ◽  
Georgy Alexandrovych Pasternak ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Likhatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Current State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Fast Growing Species

We present the study results of modern dendroflora of Donetsk (a large industrial city of the south steppe zone). We have determined the species composition, analyzed the age structure of plantations, estimated the life condition of trees and shrubs. Plantations compose 76 species and 32 forms, types, sorts of trees, including 11 species and 9 sorts of the coniferous, as well as 79 species and 35 forms, sorts of shrubs, including 7 species and 19 sorts of the coniferous. Trees and shrubs belong to 78 genera, which are included into 38 families. The most represented family among the deciduous is Rosaceae Juss. - 46 species and 13 sorts, among the coniferous - Pinaceae Lindl. (9 species and 6 sorts), Cupressaceae Rich. ex Bartl. (7 species and 22 sorts). Tree species dominating in plantations are Populus bolleana Lauche (14,6% of the total number of trees), dominating shrubs are the sorts of Rosa hybrida (44,0% of the total number of shrubs). In the plantations studied we have indicated 33 species of trees and shrubs of the aboriginal fraction of local flora. Analysis of the age structure of plantations revealed that the majority of trees compose the age group of 20-29 years, the majority of shrubs - up to 10 years. Fast-growing species prevail in plantations (73% of the total number). Viability of the most part of trees of fast-growing and slow-growing species is estimated by 4 points, viability of moderate-growing species - by 6 points. The number of trees being in unsatisfactory condition (0 or 1-3 points) prevails among fast-growing species.

scholarly journals The Current Demographic Scenario

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Isidro Fierro Ulloa
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Demographic Impact

This research paper is aimed at thinking about the problem that the current demographic scenario means for mankind because of the excessive increase on the birth rates in poorest social class in the globe. This overpopulation is consuming the global resources at a fast pace and it is taking the world to its limits. This paper focuses on the increase of the population in India country 1.350 million inhabitants and more specifically on New Dahli its capital city whose large population is expected to be larger than China population by 2030. This study used the inductive approach to research to analyze the globe cities and its many problems which must become business and migration centers from populations focused on single cities which are making economic poverty, public health, education system and jobs a problem difficult to cope with. This approach allows to be in line with the current demographic scenario which uses the international organization data to monitor the global overpopulation. The results showed that a timely control over birth rates and the citizen´s education might minimize the demographic impact that the world currently experiences. In short, this situation should be regarded as the problem of the century one due to the negative consequences that should be efficiently treated in the ethics, social, politics and human.

Demographics and the Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Kroeber
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Demographic Dividend ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Agricultural Society ◽  
Very High

What is the “demographic dividend”? The “demographic dividend” refers to a period during which the proportion of nonworking, dependent people in a population falls substantially. This usually occurs in a traditional agricultural society in which birth rates start out very high because many children die...

An analysis of variations in the age structure of Fasciola hepatica populations in sheep

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Parasite Population ◽  
Simple Mathematical Model ◽  
Age Classes

SUMMARYThe processes which govern the age structure of Fasciola hepatica populations in sheep were investigated by means of a simple mathematical model. The mortality of the metacercariae on the pasture was shown to be a factor of major importance. The mortality rate depends on the micro-climate that prevails at the pasture surface, and thus the age distribution curve of a population of flukes is also determined in part by the weather. This has important implications for the chemotherapy of fascioliasis: flukicides are not equally effective over the whole range of age-classes of parasite and so the factors which govern the age distribution curve of the parasite population within individual hosts ultimately determine the efficiency of chemotherapy.

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