scholarly journals IMPACT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES CONSUMPTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA – A MICROECONOMIC APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejla Dacić ◽  
Hasan Hanić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Engel Curves ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this paper is to quantify the patterns of consumption of food and non-alcoholic beverages of households in Bosnia and Herzegovina in relation to household income - with a focus on the validity of the first Engel’s Law. The problem of household consumption in the last three decades has not been the subject of an analysis of any comprehensive study, both in Bosnia and Herzegovina and ex-Yugoslavia, which points to the relevance of this issue in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Empirical research is based on the econometric modeling of Engel curves using single equation modeling.. Household Budget Surveys in Bosnia and Herzegovina, available for four years (2004, 2007, 2011, 2015), are a key source of data, which are methodologically harmonized with the methodology of the Agency for Statistics of the EU. An analysis of the impact of income on household consumption has been made on the basis of data on income and food expenditure that are given on a monthly basis. Taking into account 6 functional forms and three territorial coverage (FBiH, RS and BiH) for each year of the survey there were 18 regressions estimated. The OLS-Ordinary Least Squares method was used to estimate the parameters of the regression equations based on the sample. Of all the functional forms of the Engel curves, which are estimated in the paper, the double logarithmic form best fits to food and non-alcoholic beverages consumption and it is distinguished as representative. The results of the econometric modelling of Engel’s curves were expected to confirm the significance of income as a key determinant of consumption, but also provided a deeper insight into the explanatory power that income has in explaining the variation in household expenditure on food and non-alcoholic beverages. The information on the intensity of the impact of income on changes in consumption (expenditure) provides income demand elasticities, which are a key parameter in the empirical check of the validity of Engel’s laws. The estimated value of the income elasticity is smaller than the unit and in accordance with the first Engel law. Comparison of the estimated parameters of model for different years gives an insight into the time stability of consumer preferences of households. Estimated income elasticities of food and non-alcoholic drinks show volatility in the observed period, which implies a change in consumer preferences. The results of this paper can serve as a basis for future extensive econometric research of personal consumption of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

scholarly journals Examination of the influence of impact on tobacco consumption in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1217-1231
Author(s):  
Hasan Hanić ◽  
Milica Bugarčić
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Engel Curves ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this paper is the econometric analysis of tobacco demand in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of income and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households on tobacco expenditure based on microdata from the 2019 Household Budget Survey conducted by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia according to the same methodology applied by the European Union Agency for Statistics. The influence of these factors was quantified on the basis of seven different functional forms of Engel curves, which are most often used in econometric empirical research. Based on the estimated parameters of the empirical specifications of Engel curves and the elasticity derived from them, the hypothesis of inelasticity of demand for tobacco products in relation to household income was tested.

scholarly journals The risk for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 009121742098153
Author(s):  
Jelena Stojanov ◽  
Miodrag Stankovic ◽  
Olivera Zikic ◽  
Matija Stankovic ◽  
Aleksandar Stojanov
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be the largest pandemic of our times. The aim was to recognize the risk factors for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders (NPMADs) in women during the pandemic and state of emergency police lockdown in Serbia. Methods We assessed 108 postpartum women who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and an additional survey constructed for this study. We also used the additional, previously mentioned survey, in 67 healthy age-matched women with children who were ≥2 years of age. The additional survey allowed us to gain insight into the impact of the pandemic as well as postpartum period on the risk of NPMADs. Results In 16 (14.8%) subjects we found a score ≥10 on EPDS. Higher rates on the EPDS were noticed in elderly, single, and unemployed, women who lost their jobs due to the pandemic, or women who were dissatisfied with their household income (p < 0.05). The risk of NPMADs was linked significantly to quarantine, and social isolation, the absence of social support, as well as having emotional problems. Postpartum women, compared to non-postpartum women, were more anxious and had feelings of helplessness during social isolation. Conclusion Understanding the factors that increase the risk of NPMADs during the pandemic could help prevent mental disorders during a possible future pandemic.

scholarly journals Econometric examination of the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Hasan Hanić ◽  
Milica Bugarčić ◽  
Radojko Lukić
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Household Expenditures ◽  
Engel Curves ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this paper is the econometric examination of the impact of income on expenditures, i.e. on the demand for package holidays of households in Serbia. The aim of this paper is to quantify the impact of income on household expenditures for package holidays in the country and abroad on the basis of alternative functional forms of Engel curves and elasticities derived from them. The starting research hypothesis is that with the increase in household income, the share of expenditures for tourist arrangements in total household expenditures in Serbia remains approximately unchanged. As sources of data, Household Budget Surveys in Serbia were used, which were conducted every year, starting from 2006 (until 2019). Based on the different functional forms of Engel curves, the parameters of the impact of income on expenditures for package arrangements were estimated, and then income elasticities were estimated. In addition to the impact of income, the impact of qualitative characteristics of households and especially household heads on expenditures for tourist arrangements was examined. With the help of appropriate statistical tests, the basic research hypothesis was proven and the influence of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households on the demand for package holidays was quantified.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PEREMPUAN MELALUI EDUKASI KONSEP EKONOMI KREATIF INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DI KECAMATAN BINJAI KOTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Dewi Mahrani Rangkuty ◽  
Mesra B ◽  
Aldi Agustino
Keyword(s):  
Final Stage ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Need Support ◽  
City District ◽  
Discussion Question ◽  
Insight Into

Today's digital Era demands creativity to continue innovating in improving women's productivity, especially on fulfilling daily household consumption needs. This is closely related to women's empowerment because as a partner of the household can participate in increasing household income. The creativity of ideas in innovating produces a product that adds value to the economy is called the creative economy. The goal of devotion to this society enhances understanding, knowledge, and insight to women the importance of the creative economy in increasing family income. Implementation of a creative economy in the early stages, can not be done only on one person, therefore, it need support from several parties so effective when the formed a business group. This is what is a tangible form of this devotion activity. The dedication partners consist of RMOL Sumut, PKK women, IWAPI women, and Genre communities in the Binjai City district. Method of devotion done with the lecture, discussion question/answer problem, and the final stage is an alternative solution offered. From this community devotion activity, all participants were enthusiastic about the deepening of knowledge and insight into the concept of creative economics. And there were 20 business groups in which each group consisted of 5 people. So much devotion activities are important to continue to be implemented continually to increase household income to prosperity.

scholarly journals Influence of Firm-Specific Determinants on the Profitability of Companies in Agri-Food Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Research Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Dalila Ivković
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Food Processing Sector ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The main objective of the undertaken study is to examine the influence of firm-specific determinants on the profitability of companies in the agri-food sector (agricultural production and food processing) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). For this purpose, we examine the impact of factors that are considered as determinants of firm profitability such as size, age, liquidity, leverage, and growth. The impact of the specific characteristics of the companies is tested on profitability measured by return on assets (ROA) in the agricultural and food processing sector in B&H. The analysis is based on the collection of quantitative data published in the food financial annual reports of the listed agricultural and processing companies in B&H over a period of five years (2015-2019). A research model with crucial variables with five independent variables (size, age, liquidity, leverage, and growth rate) and one dependent variable (profitability) was developed based on the literature review. The study outcomes will give an insight into the firm-specific factors that are important in examining the profitability of companies in the agri-food sector in B&H. Furthermore, the results of this research will serve as a basis for further studies in which the number of variables observed will be extended. Moreover, the results are expected to be useful for the management of the company to direct business decisions towards improving the company’s profitability.

scholarly journals Formation of Sustainable Investment Attractiveness of Regions Under the Conditions of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Tetiana Polozova ◽  
◽  
Yurii Kutsenko ◽  
Oleksandra Kanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
International Production ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Production Activity ◽  
Sustainable Investment ◽  
The Impact

The decline in the forecast indicators of the economy and production activity, the structural transformation of international production and consumer preferences, the reduction in income from bonds and world tourism, the massive layoffs of workers that led to an increase in unemployment and a decrease in household income, deferred investments and the reorientation of investment flows, both in economic sectors and in the regional context, are all the result of the impact of another challenge called COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed and continues to change many characteristics of the economy and society. Together with the onset of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the transition to the digital era, as well as taking into account completely new realities of the development of future generations, which are regulated by the concept of sustainable development, the formation of investment attractiveness is also taking place in a fundamentally different way. In this regard, the article substantiates the need to introduce the category sustainable investment attractiveness into everyday use. The author’s vision of the interpretation of this concept is presented. A procedure for forming a stable investment attractiveness of regions in the conditions of COVID-19 has been developed.

scholarly journals Research on Inequality of Household Consumption and Social Welfare from the Perspective of Household Non-medical Expenditure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Hu ◽  
Huan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In China, income inequality has raised substantially over the last 40 years, especially after21st century.The rise in inequality in China has received considerable attention in academic field. But existing studies have paid more attention to comparative research on the relationship between household income inequality and consumption inequality, and ignored the impact of social welfare changes on household or overall consumption levels during the same period. Methods In this paper, we present an analysis of the trends in inequality of income and consumption in China from 1998 to 2015.Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS),we find that household income and consumption inequality have increased substantially over last 30 years.Utilize the inequality of consumption and social welfare and according to the differences in the composition of household consumption, medical consumption is used as the dividing standard to evaluate the inequality of non-medical consumption. In terms of empirical tests, a mixed-panel ols model was constructed to explore the inequality differences in household consumption under non-medical consumption and medical consumption samples. Results First, in terms of consumption inequality, from 1989 to 2015, Chinese household income inequality and consumption inequality showed an increasing trend. Among them, overall consumption inequality was mainly caused by urban and rural consumption inequality. Second,the results show that in terms of overall social welfare, the deterioration of consumption distribution has replaced the growth of social welfare caused by economic growth, and the estimated results under non-medical consumption inequality are less different from the overall. Third, the results of the panel fixed-effect test show that income inequality is the main positive influence factor on consumption inequality, but participation in medical insurance has a negative impact on urban and rural household consumption inequality,illness has a negative impact on household medical inequality and non-medical consumer inequality. Conclusion The result can provide a solid reference for understanding China's consumption inequality and also political implications for the government to weigh efficiency and fairness.From the perspective of consumption policy interventions, it is necessary to promote government departments to better safeguard the health maintenance of healthy or sub-healthy people through health management policies, and promote the cost protection effect of basic medical insurance policies on unhealthy people.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ON THE ECONOMY OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Andrijana Mrkaić Ateljević ◽  
Srđa Popović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) used to be an attractive tourist destination, which existed within the former Yugoslavia, and experienced a real collapse of tourism development after the war in the 1990s. The recovery process required, above all, the establishment of general stability and harmonization of interests of three constituent nations. That is the reason why the focus on general economic and social progress has been present for years, and tourism as an economic branch has been placed on the margins of development plans. The subject of this research is tourism as a facilitator of the development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main aim is to present the direct and indirect contributions of tourism to the development of the national economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It required the collection of data using classical scientific research methods, and then processing using statistical techniques. The purpose is to provide the insight into the strength and direction of correlation between individual categories in the balance of payments through correlation regression analysis. In addition, the analysis of the impact of tourism on investment, employment and gross domestic product was performed. This paper answers the question whether tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina stimulates economic development and whether economic development enables the development of tourism.

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

The Role of Career Self-Efficacy on the Effect of Parental Career Behaviors on Career Exploration: A Study on School of Tourism and Hotel Management’ Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selahattin Kanten ◽  
Pelin Kanten ◽  
Murat Yeşiltaş
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Career Exploration ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the impact of parental career behaviors on undergraduate student’s career exploration and the mediating role of career self-efficacy. In the literature it is suggested that some social and individual factors facilitate students’ career exploration. Therefore, parental career behaviors and career self-efficacy is considered as predictors of student’s career exploration attitudes within the scope of the study. In this respect, data which are collected from 405 undergraduate students having an education on tourism and hotel management field by the survey method are analyzed by using the structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicate that parental career behaviors which are addressed support; interference and lack of engagement have a significant effect on student’s career exploration behaviors such as intended-systematic exploration, environment exploration and self-exploration. In addition, it has been found that one of the dimensions of parental career behaviors addressed as a lack of engagement has a significant effect on career self-efficacy levels of students. However, research results indicate that student’s career self-efficacy has a significant effect on only the self-exploration dimension. On the other hand, career self-efficacy has a partial mediating role between lack of engagement attitudes of parents and career exploration behaviors of students.

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