scholarly journals The risk for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 009121742098153
Author(s):  
Jelena Stojanov ◽  
Miodrag Stankovic ◽  
Olivera Zikic ◽  
Matija Stankovic ◽  
Aleksandar Stojanov
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be the largest pandemic of our times. The aim was to recognize the risk factors for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders (NPMADs) in women during the pandemic and state of emergency police lockdown in Serbia. Methods We assessed 108 postpartum women who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and an additional survey constructed for this study. We also used the additional, previously mentioned survey, in 67 healthy age-matched women with children who were ≥2 years of age. The additional survey allowed us to gain insight into the impact of the pandemic as well as postpartum period on the risk of NPMADs. Results In 16 (14.8%) subjects we found a score ≥10 on EPDS. Higher rates on the EPDS were noticed in elderly, single, and unemployed, women who lost their jobs due to the pandemic, or women who were dissatisfied with their household income (p < 0.05). The risk of NPMADs was linked significantly to quarantine, and social isolation, the absence of social support, as well as having emotional problems. Postpartum women, compared to non-postpartum women, were more anxious and had feelings of helplessness during social isolation. Conclusion Understanding the factors that increase the risk of NPMADs during the pandemic could help prevent mental disorders during a possible future pandemic.

scholarly journals The 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada on Mood and Anxiety Disorders: a methodological overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan O'Donnell ◽  
R. Cheung ◽  
K. Bennett ◽  
C. Lagacé
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
The Impact

Introduction There is a paucity of information about the impact of mood and anxiety disorders on Canadians and the approaches used to manage them. To address this gap, the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada–Mood and Anxiety Disorders Component (SLCDC-MA) was developed. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology of the 2014 SLCDC-MA and examine the sociodemographic characteristics of the final sample. Methods The 2014 SLCDC-MA is a cross-sectional follow-up survey that includes Canadians from the 10 provinces aged 18 years and older with mood and/or anxiety disorders diagnosed by a health professional that are expected to last, or have already lasted, six months or more. The survey was developed by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) through an iterative, consultative process with Statistics Canada and external experts. Statistics Canada performed content testing, designed the sampling frame and strategies and collected and processed the data. PHAC used descriptive analyses to describe the respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, produced nationally representative estimates using survey weights provided by Statistics Canada, and generated variance estimates using bootstrap methodology. Results The final 2014 SLCDC-MA sample consists of a total of 3361 respondents (68.9% response rate). Among Canadian adults with mood and/or anxiety disorders, close to twothirds (64%) were female, over half (56%) were married/in a common-law relationship and 60% obtained a post-secondary education. Most were young or middle-aged (85%), Canadian born (88%), of non-Aboriginal status (95%), and resided in an urban setting (82%). Household income was fairly evenly distributed between the adequacy quintiles; however, individuals were more likely to report a household income adequacy within the lowest (23%) versus highest (17%) quintile. Forty-five percent reported having a mood disorder only, 24% an anxiety disorder only and 31% both kinds of disorder. Conclusion The 2014 SLCDC-MA is the only national household survey to collect information on the experiences of Canadians living with a professionally diagnosed mood and/or anxiety disorder. The information collected offers insights into areas where additional support or interventions may be needed and provides baseline information for future public health research in the area of mental illness.

scholarly journals Crosstalk between Existential Phenomenological Psychotherapy and Neurological Sciences in Mood and Anxiety Disorders

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Lehel Balogh ◽  
Masaru Tanaka ◽  
Nóra Török ◽  
László Vécsei ◽  
Shigeru Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Neurological Damage ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

Psychotherapy is a comprehensive biological treatment modifying complex underlying cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and regulatory responses in the brain, leading patients with mental illness to a new interpretation of the sense of self and others. Psychotherapy is an art of science integrated with psychology and/or philosophy. Neurological sciences study the neurological basis of cognition, memory, and behavior as well as the impact of neurological damage and disease on these functions, and their treatment. Both psychotherapy and neurological sciences deal with the brain; nevertheless, they continue to stay polarized. Existential phenomenological psychotherapy (EPP) has been in the forefront of meaning-centered counseling for almost a century. The phenomenological approach in psychotherapy originated in the works of Martin Heidegger, Ludwig Binswanger, Medard Boss, and Viktor Frankl, and it has been committed to accounting for the existential possibilities and limitations of one’s life. EPP provides philosophically rich interpretations and empowers counseling techniques to assist mentally suffering individuals by finding meaning and purpose to life. The approach has proven to be effective in treating mood and anxiety disorders. This narrative review article demonstrates the development of EPP, the therapeutic methodology, evidence-based accounts of its curative techniques, current understanding of mood and anxiety disorders in neurological sciences, and a possible converging path to translate and integrate meaning-centered psychotherapy and neuroscience, concluding that the EPP may potentially play a synergistic role with the currently prevailing medication-based approaches for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.

Self- and Parent-Rated Quality of Life of a Treatment Naïve Sample of Children With ADHD: The Impact of Age, Gender, Type of ADHD, and Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions According to Both a Categorical and a Dimensional Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 721-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyöngyvér Dallos ◽  
Mónika Miklósi ◽  
Ágnes Keresztény ◽  
Szabina Velő ◽  
Dóra Szentiványi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the Quality of Life (QoL) of treatment naïve children with ADHD. Method: Data from 178 parent–child dyads were analyzed using multiple regression to assess the relationships between QoL, and characteristics of ADHD and comorbid psychopathology. Results: Lower self-reported QoL was associated with female gender, higher age, more symptoms of anxiety and trauma-related disorders in dimensional approach, and with the comorbid diagnoses of trauma-related disorders and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)/conduct disorder (CD) in categorical approach. Lower parent-reported QoL was related to older age and increasing number of symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders on one hand, and any diagnosis of mood and anxiety disorders and ODD/CD on the other. Conclusion: Our results draw the attention to the importance of taking into account age, gender, and both self- and parent reports when measuring QoL of children with ADHD and both dimensional and categorical approaches should be used.

scholarly journals The impact of stress on financial decision-making varies as a function of depression and anxiety symptoms

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver J Robinson ◽  
Rebecca Bond ◽  
Jonathan P Roiser
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Financial Decision Making ◽  
Individual Vulnerability ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Financial Decision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Stress can precipitate the onset of mood and anxiety disorders. This may occur, at least in part, via a modulatory effect of stress on decision-making. Some individuals are, however, more resilient to the effects of stress than others. The mechanisms underlying such vulnerability differences are nevertheless unknown. In this study we attempted to begin quantifying individual differences in vulnerability by exploring the effect of experimentally induced stress on decision-making. Threat of unpredictable shock was used to induce stress in healthy volunteers (N=47) using a within-subjects, within-session design, and its impact on a financial decision-making task (the Iowa Gambling Task) was assessed alongside anxious and depressive symptomatology. As expected, participants learned to select advantageous decks and avoid disadvantageous decks. Importantly, we found that stress provoked a pattern of harm-avoidant behaviour (decreased selection of disadvantageous decks) in individuals with low levels of trait anxiety. By contrast, individuals with high trait anxiety demonstrated the opposite pattern: stress-induced risk-seeking (increased selection of disadvantageous decks). These contrasting influences of stress depending on mood and anxiety symptoms might provide insight into vulnerability to common mental illness. In particular, we speculate that those who adopt a more harm-avoidant strategy may be better able to regulate their exposure to further environmental stress, reducing their susceptibility to mood and anxiety disorders. The threat of shock paradigm we employed might therefore hold promise as a ‘stress-test’ for determining individual vulnerability to mood and anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Back-translating a rodent measure of negative bias into humans: the impact of induced anxiety and unmedicated mood and anxiety disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Aylward ◽  
Claire Hales ◽  
Emma Robinson ◽  
Oliver J Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Affective Bias ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundMood and anxiety disorders are ubiquitous but current treatment options are ineffective for large numbers of sufferers. Moreover, recent years have seen a number of promising pre-clinical interventions fail to translate into clinical efficacy in humans. Improved treatments are unlikely without better animal-human translational pipelines. Here, we directly adapt–i.e. back-translate - a rodent measure of negative affective bias into humans, and explore its relationship with a)pathological mood and anxiety symptoms (study one) and b)transient induced anxiety (study two).MethodParticipants who met criteria for mood or anxiety disorder symptomatology according to a face-to-face neuropsychiatric interview were included in the symptomatic group. N = 77(47 asymptomatic; Female = 21; 30 symptomatic; Female = 25) participants completed study one and N = 47 asymptomatic participants (25 female) completed study two. Outcome measures were choice ratios, reaction times and parameters recovered from a computational model of reaction time; the drift diffusion model (DDM).ResultsSymptomatic individuals demonstrated increased negative affective bias relative to asymptomatic individuals (proportion high reward = 0.42(SD = 0.14), and 0.53(SD = 0.17), respectively) as well as reduced DDM drift rate (p = 0.004). No significant effects were observed for the within-subjects anxiety-induction in study 2.ConclusionHumans with pathological anxiety symptoms directly mimic rodents undergoing anxiogenic manipulation. The lack of sensitivity to transient anxiety suggests the paradigm may, moreover, be primarily sensitive to clinically relevant symptoms. Our results establish a direct translational pipeline (and candidate therapeutics screen) from negative affective bias in rodents to pathological mood and anxiety symptoms in humans, and link it to a computational model of reaction time.

scholarly journals How Dialysis Patients Cope with a Curfew? A Comparison of Psychological Status between Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Cebrail Karaca ◽  
Necmi Eren ◽  
Mevlut Tamer Dincer ◽  
Senol Turan ◽  
Hatice Kubra Karaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Isolation Period

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> There are many differences between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatments, including their impact on the psychological status of the patients. In this study, our aim was to compare the psychological statuses of HD and PD patients during the social isolation period due to the COVID-19 pandemic. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted this cross-sectional study on adult HD and PD patients when the curfew measures were in effect. We used an electronic form composed of 3 sections to collect data. In the first section, we collected data on the demographics and clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients. The second and third sections consisted of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) questionnaires, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The HD (<i>n</i> = 116) and PD (<i>n</i> = 130) groups were similar regarding age and sex, and they had similar HADS anxiety scores. HADS depression scores were higher in PD patients (<i>p</i> = 0.052). IES-R scores were significantly higher in PD patients in comparison to HD patients (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Frequencies of abnormal HADS-anxiety (<i>p</i> = 0.035) and severe psychological impact (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were significantly higher in PD patients. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> During the social isolation period due to the COVID-19 pandemic, HD patients had better mood profiles than PD patients. A more stable daily routine, an uninterrupted face-to-face contact with health-care workers, and social support among patients in the in-center dialysis environment might be the cause of the favorable mood status. PD patients might need additional psychological support during those periods.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME ON FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES CONSUMPTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA – A MICROECONOMIC APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lejla Dacić ◽  
Hasan Hanić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Engel Curves ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this paper is to quantify the patterns of consumption of food and non-alcoholic beverages of households in Bosnia and Herzegovina in relation to household income - with a focus on the validity of the first Engel’s Law. The problem of household consumption in the last three decades has not been the subject of an analysis of any comprehensive study, both in Bosnia and Herzegovina and ex-Yugoslavia, which points to the relevance of this issue in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Empirical research is based on the econometric modeling of Engel curves using single equation modeling.. Household Budget Surveys in Bosnia and Herzegovina, available for four years (2004, 2007, 2011, 2015), are a key source of data, which are methodologically harmonized with the methodology of the Agency for Statistics of the EU. An analysis of the impact of income on household consumption has been made on the basis of data on income and food expenditure that are given on a monthly basis. Taking into account 6 functional forms and three territorial coverage (FBiH, RS and BiH) for each year of the survey there were 18 regressions estimated. The OLS-Ordinary Least Squares method was used to estimate the parameters of the regression equations based on the sample. Of all the functional forms of the Engel curves, which are estimated in the paper, the double logarithmic form best fits to food and non-alcoholic beverages consumption and it is distinguished as representative. The results of the econometric modelling of Engel’s curves were expected to confirm the significance of income as a key determinant of consumption, but also provided a deeper insight into the explanatory power that income has in explaining the variation in household expenditure on food and non-alcoholic beverages. The information on the intensity of the impact of income on changes in consumption (expenditure) provides income demand elasticities, which are a key parameter in the empirical check of the validity of Engel’s laws. The estimated value of the income elasticity is smaller than the unit and in accordance with the first Engel law. Comparison of the estimated parameters of model for different years gives an insight into the time stability of consumer preferences of households. Estimated income elasticities of food and non-alcoholic drinks show volatility in the observed period, which implies a change in consumer preferences. The results of this paper can serve as a basis for future extensive econometric research of personal consumption of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Comparative Incidence of Depression in Women and Men, During Pregnancy and after Childbirth

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. G. Areias ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
H. Barros ◽  
E. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Obstetric Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

BackgroundComparing women's and men's emotional reactions to childbirth can clarify the impact on mental health of childbirth as a life event.MethodFifty-four first-time mothers attending obstetric services in Oporto, Portugal, and 42 of their husbands or partners participated in a longitudinal study of their mental health. All subjects were given a semi-structured clinical interview (SADS) at 6 months antenatally and at 12 months postnatally and sub-samples were interviewed at 3 months postnatally. At all these times all the mothers and fathers also completed a translated version of a self-rating scale for depression, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).ResultsMore women than men had past histories of depression but their rates of depression did not differ significantly during pregnancy. In the first 3 months postnatally, nearly a quarter of the women ‘at risk’ were found to have become depressed (major, minor and intermittent) in contrast with less than 5% of the men. In the next nine months men were more prone to become depressed than previously and their conditions tended to follow an earlier onset of depression in their spouses.ConclusionComparisons of EPDS and SADS ratings showed that the translated EPDS was a valid instrument for women but it was less satisfactory when applied to men.

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