scholarly journals Deer Parks and Recreation. Zooarchaeological evidence form the Earls of Arundel Hunting Lodge in Downley (West Sussex, UK)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Nabais ◽  
Mark Roberts ◽  
Nicole Barber
Keyword(s):  
Body Part ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
High Status ◽  
Henry Viii ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Parks And Recreation ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

The deer park at Downley is one of many medieval parks known from the county of Sussex (UK), 8km north of Chichester. The park belonged to the Earls of Arundel and there is evidence of its occasional use by high-status figures, such as King Henry VIII. The park perimeter measures 6.6km and covers an area of 261.7ha. During the first season of excavation in 2014 the presence of a substantial lodge building was proven within the pale, the features associated with the lodge contained various archaeological and environmental remains. This paper focuses on the study of zooarchaeological materials recovered from the 16 trenches opened in 2014. All faunal remains were studied, revealing domestic animals such as cattle and sheep, as well as wild animals such as deer and boar. Fallow deer is the most frequent species showing a very complete body part representation, suggesting it was hunted and processed locally. Further work is carried out looking at body part representation, which is particularly important when looking at the ritualised dismemberment of hunted animals. In any hunting milieu dogs/hounds are prevalent, and are represented by some anatomical elements, but also by considerable evidence of gnawing marks on bones that were clearly humanly processed before being fed to the animals.

scholarly journals Deer Parks and Recreation. Zooarchaeological evidence form the Earls of Arundel Hunting Lodge in Downley (West Sussex, UK)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Nabais ◽  
Mark Roberts ◽  
Nicole Barber
Keyword(s):  
Body Part ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
High Status ◽  
Henry Viii ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
Parks And Recreation ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

The deer park at Downley is one of many medieval parks known from the county of Sussex (UK), 8km north of Chichester. The park belonged to the Earls of Arundel and there is evidence of its occasional use by high-status figures, such as King Henry VIII. The park perimeter measures 6.6km and covers an area of 261.7ha. During the first season of excavation in 2014 the presence of a substantial lodge building was proven within the pale, the features associated with the lodge contained various archaeological and environmental remains. This paper focuses on the study of zooarchaeological materials recovered from the 16 trenches opened in 2014. All faunal remains were studied, revealing domestic animals such as cattle and sheep, as well as wild animals such as deer and boar. Fallow deer is the most frequent species showing a very complete body part representation, suggesting it was hunted and processed locally. Further work is carried out looking at body part representation, which is particularly important when looking at the ritualised dismemberment of hunted animals. In any hunting milieu dogs/hounds are prevalent, and are represented by some anatomical elements, but also by considerable evidence of gnawing marks on bones that were clearly humanly processed before being fed to the animals.

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis in safari park in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane A.R. Lima ◽  
Rudielle A. Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo N. Etges ◽  
Flábio R. Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
The State ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Cervus Unicolor

ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, affecting domestic animals, wild animals and humans. In captivity, for wild animals, bTB represents a risk to animal keepers and zoo visitors, in addition to the possibility of spreading the infection to domestic animals or through the trade of infected wild animals. Sambar (Cervus unicolor), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) from a safari park in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, showed a clinical condition of dyspnea and weight loss. Some animals died and showed lesions suggestive of tuberculosis (LST), which were confirmed by histopathology. After the interdiction of the safari park by the state veterinary authorities, 281 deer were euthanized with the authorization of the “Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis” (IBAMA). Retropharyngeal and submandibular lymph nodes and viscera were collected from 21 animals, which were grown in Stonebrink medium for up to 90 days. After DNA extraction from the bacterial colonies, PCR was performed for targets flanking the region of differentiation 4 (RD4). Of the 21 samples, 14 (66.7%) presented LST with a granulomatous appearance, a whitish coloration, and caseous or calcified consistency, and seven samples (33.3%), showed no lesions. In the culture of 14 samples with LST, 13 (92.8%) presented bacterial growth compatible with M. bovis. In the cultivation of the seven samples without LST, four (57.1%) presented colonies compatible with M. bovis. PCR and DNA sequencing of the PCR amplicons detected as positive all the 17 (100%) bacteriological cultures suggestive of M. bovis, thus confirming the outbreak of bTB in deer. Decisions about positive tested and suspicious animals should be taken based on the evaluation of the risk of transmission to the rest of the zoological animals, animal welfare, conservation considerations and, the zoonotic potential of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Animals in the legal culture of Prussian towns (the 13th–16th centuries): An overview

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Paweł Mateusz Modrzyński
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Household Appliances

Animals were a permanent element in the landscape of medieval towns. Many residents of the then urban centres lived of animal husbandry. In addition to farm animals (e.g. pigs), they kept domestic animals (e.g. dogs and cats) as well as wild animals. The latter often sought food in garbage and suburbs. Such animals were also kept for entertainment. Authorities of Prussian towns regulated many issues related to the functioning of towns, including those concerning animal husbandry. Animals could pose a threat to the health and life of residents. They were also considered to be pests that destroy crops, orchards, and household appliances. The legislation of the period was focused on determining guilt for crimes and offenses committed by animals. Either an animal, treated as an entity responsible for the harmful act, or its owner was blamed for the misconducts. The presence of animals, especially livestock, was considered to be the cause of considerable sanitary problems in towns, mainly due to animal waste. Town authorities regulated issues concerning cattle herding and grazing. The care over the herd was entrusted to urban shepherds whose service was regulated by town legislation. The problem of the perception of animals by the society of that time was also significant. Although seemingly unwanted, they were the only source of income for many residents. For some, animals were pests, and for others, a guarantee of fragile existence. It was also a time when people began to wonder what exactly an animal is, what role it should play in human life, and how to treat it.

Named Partners and Other Rugs

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-123
Author(s):  
Erica Fudge
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Emotional Attachment ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Legal Representation ◽  
Close Relationship

This chapter focuses on cows, and their value to the human household. In particular, it looks at the close relationship the woman who milked a cow would have with that animal, and how that relationship stands as a counterpoint to the legal representation of domestic animals in the period which figured them, in distinction from wild animals, as lacking volition. The chapter argues that documentation – from agricultural works as well as poetic ones – offers a way of understanding the complex juxtaposition of emotional attachment and utility in people’s relationships with their animals in the period.

scholarly journals Sandfly frequency in a clean and well-organized rural environment in the state of Paraná, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Machado de Oliveira Legriffon ◽  
Kárin Rosi Reinhold-Castro ◽  
Vanderson Carvalho Fenelon ◽  
Herintha Coeto Neitzke-Abreu ◽  
Ueslei Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
The State ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Enzootic Cycle

INTRODUCTION: Sandflies caught in Santa Juliana Farm in Sarandi, State of Paraná, Brazil, were assessed in terms of their fauna, seasonality, and frequency in the homes and in shelters of domestic animals around the homes, as well as in the nearby forest. METHODS: In Santa Juliana Farm, there are no records of cases of ACL, differing from other relatively clean and organized areas where surveys of sandflies have been conducted in Paraná. Samples were collected with Falcão light traps, fortnightly from 22:00 to 02:00 hours, from November 2007 to November 2008. RESULTS: A total of 4,506 sandflies were captured, representing 13 species, predominantly Nyssomyia whitmani (71.8%). More sandflies were collected in the forest (52.6%) than outside the forest (residences and pigsty) (47.4%). However, Ny. whitmani was collected in greater numbers outside (38.3%) than inside the forest (33.5%). Most sandflies were collected in the warmer months and during periods with regular rainfall. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that cleaning and organization around the houses could reduce sandfly population in peridomicile. Constructing shelters for animal at a distance of approximately 100m from domiciles is recommended to prevent the invasion of sandflies, as this farm has an area of preserved forest, with wild animals and sandflies present to maintain the enzootic cycle of Leishmania.

Dissemination of Antimicrobial-Resistant Clones of Salmonella enterica Among Domestic Animals, Wild Animals, and Humans

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Palomo ◽  
Maria Jorge Campos ◽  
María Ugarte ◽  
María Concepción Porrero ◽  
Juan Manuel Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Wild Animals

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Pesticide Poisoning in Domestic Animals and Wildlife in Portugal: 2014–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Grilo ◽  
Anabela Moreira ◽  
Belmira Carrapiço ◽  
Adriana Belas ◽  
Berta São Braz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Pharmacology And Toxicology ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Nowadays the intentional poisoning of domestic and wild animals is a crime in the European Union (EU), but as in the past the poison is still used in rural areas of a number of European countries to kill animals that were considered harmful for human activities. From January 2014 up until October 2020, the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (LFT-FMV) has done the analytical detection of poisoning substances in 503 samples of wildlife and domestic animals and pesticides residues were found in 239 of the samples analyzed. In this retrospective study, toxicology results from domestic species (dog, cat, sheep, cows, and horses), wildlife species (red foxes, birds of prey, lynx, and wild boar), and food baits, are presented. During this period the samples analyzed at the LFT-FMV, were received from all over the country. Analytical detections were performed via solvent extraction followed by thin layer chromatography. Molluscicides (47%, n = 109) and Carbamates (24%, n = 57) were found to be the first category of pesticides involved in intoxications, in both domestic and wild animals, followed by rodenticides (13%, n = 30)—in this group second and third generation, were the most represented; Strychnine is the third (11%, n = 26) even though this pesticide has been banned in Portugal since 1988 and in the European Union since 2006 and finally Organophosphates (5%, n = 11) in the small number. This study allowed to realize that a great number of positive samples involved banned pesticides (i.e., Aldicarb and Strychnine) but, at the same time, many positives cases were due to the exposure to commercially available products (i.e., Methiocarb and Anticoagulant rodenticides). Also, it's possible to identify the areas where domestic species are the most affected (i.e., Setubal and Lisboa) and the areas where the wild animals are the mainly affected species (i.e., Faro, Castelo Branco, and Bragança).

scholarly journals The Case for New Domestic Animals

Oryx ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
The North ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
Semi Arid

You do not grow bananas in the north of Scotland or raspberries in the Serengeti. Similarly temperate-zone cattle are not suited to Africa's semi-arid lands but giraffe and eland thrive. So these and other wild species, says the author, should be domesticated for such lands—40 per cent of Africa south of the Sahara is semi-arid—with cattle farming restricted to the highlands. In addition, research on new systems of management should aim to make use of the wild animals’ preferences for different grasses, bush and browse—from the tree-top using giraffe to the root-digging warthog.

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