scholarly journals Survey methods for seed system network analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E Buddenhagen ◽  
Kelsey F Andersen ◽  
James C Fulton ◽  
Karen A Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Seed System ◽  
System Success

We present survey questions useful for describing agricultural seed systems. The questions are designed so that they can be used for standardized comparisons among seed systems, addressing both networks for seed movement and networks for the communication of information related to variety selection and integrated pest management. This approach provides information that can be used in multilayer network analyses of how information influences seed system success. Also provided are example data sheets with field descriptors that should provide for straightforward statistical analysis after data collection.

scholarly journals Data collection for seed system network analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E Buddenhagen ◽  
Kelsey F Andersen ◽  
James C Fulton ◽  
Karen A Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Seed System ◽  
System Success

We present survey questions useful for describing agricultural seed systems. The questions are designed so that they can be used for standardized comparisons among seed systems, addressing both networks for seed movement and networks for the communication of information related to variety selection and integrated pest management. This approach provides information that can be used in multilayer network analyses of how information influences seed system success. Also provided are example data sheets with field descriptors that should provide for straightforward statistical analysis after data collection.

scholarly journals Data collection for seed system network analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher E Buddenhagen ◽  
Kelsey F Andersen ◽  
James C Fulton ◽  
Karen A Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Variety Selection ◽  
Seed System ◽  
System Success

We present survey questions useful for describing agricultural seed systems. The questions are designed so that they can be used for standardized comparisons among seed systems, addressing both networks for seed movement and networks for the communication of information related to variety selection and integrated pest management. This approach provides information that can be used in multilayer network analyses of how information influences seed system success. Also provided are example data sheets with field descriptors that should provide for straightforward statistical analysis after data collection.

scholarly journals Multimodal multilayer network centrality relates to executive functioning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas C. Breedt ◽  
Fernando A.N. Santos ◽  
Arjan Hillebrand ◽  
Liesbeth Reneman ◽  
Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Organization ◽  
Eigenvector Centrality ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
Structural Networks

Executive functioning is a higher-order cognitive process that is thought to depend on a brain network organization facilitating network integration across specialized subnetworks. The frontoparietal network (FPN), a subnetwork that has diverse connections to other brain modules, seems pivotal to this integration, and a more central role of regions in the FPN has been related to better executive functioning. Brain networks can be constructed using different modalities: diffusion MRI (dMRI) can be used to reconstruct structural networks, while resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) yield functional networks. These networks are often studied in a unimodal way, which cannot capture potential complementary or synergistic modal information. The multilayer framework is a relatively new approach that allows for the integration of different modalities into one 'network of networks'. It has already yielded promising results in the field of neuroscience, having been related to e.g. cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Multilayer analyses thus have the potential to help us better understand the relation between brain network organization and executive functioning. Here, we hypothesized a positive association between centrality of the FPN and executive functioning, and we expected that multimodal multilayer centrality would supersede unilayer centrality in explaining executive functioning. We used dMRI, rsfMRI, MEG, and neuropsychological data obtained from 33 healthy adults (age range 22-70 years) to construct eight modality-specific unilayer networks (dMRI, fMRI, and six MEG frequency bands), as well as a multilayer network comprising all unilayer networks. Interlayer links in the multilayer network were present only between a node's counterpart across layers. We then computed and averaged eigenvector centrality of the nodes within the FPN for every uni- and multilayer network and used multiple regression models to examine the relation between uni- or multilayer centrality and executive functioning. We found that higher multilayer FPN centrality, but not unilayer FPN centrality, was related to better executive functioning. To further validate multilayer FPN centrality as a relevant measure, we assessed its relation with age. Network organization has been shown to change across the life span, becoming increasingly efficient up to middle age and regressing to a more segregated topology at higher age. Indeed, the relation between age and multilayer centrality followed an inverted-U shape. These results show the importance of FPN integration for executive functioning as well as the value of a multilayer framework in network analyses of the brain. Multilayer network analysis may particularly advance our understanding of the interplay between different brain network aspects in clinical populations, where network alterations differ across modalities.

scholarly journals Why it is important to consider negative ties when studying polarized debates: A signed network analysis of a Dutch cultural controversy on Twitter

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256696
Author(s):  
Anna Keuchenius ◽  
Petter Törnberg ◽  
Justus Uitermark
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
Online Interactions ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Signed Network

Despite the prevalence of disagreement between users on social media platforms, studies of online debates typically only look at positive online interactions, represented as networks with positive ties. In this paper, we hypothesize that the systematic neglect of conflict that these network analyses induce leads to misleading results on polarized debates. We introduce an approach to bring in negative user-to-user interaction, by analyzing online debates using signed networks with positive and negative ties. We apply this approach to the Dutch Twitter debate on ‘Black Pete’—an annual Dutch celebration with racist characteristics. Using a dataset of 430,000 tweets, we apply natural language processing and machine learning to identify: (i) users’ stance in the debate; and (ii) whether the interaction between users is positive (supportive) or negative (antagonistic). Comparing the resulting signed network with its unsigned counterpart, the retweet network, we find that traditional unsigned approaches distort debates by conflating conflict with indifference, and that the inclusion of negative ties changes and enriches our understanding of coalitions and division within the debate. Our analysis reveals that some groups are attacking each other, while others rather seem to be located in fragmented Twitter spaces. Our approach identifies new network positions of individuals that correspond to roles in the debate, such as leaders and scapegoats. These findings show that representing the polarity of user interactions as signs of ties in networks substantively changes the conclusions drawn from polarized social media activity, which has important implications for various fields studying online debates using network analysis.

scholarly journals Impact Des Facteurs Intersubjectifs Sur L'engagement Des Cadres Ivoiriens Au Développement De Leur Localité d’Origine

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (32) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Daboné Inoussa ◽  
Méité Zoumana
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Personal Commitment ◽  
Rural And Urban

Despite the policy of developing localities initiated by the Ivorian state, disparities between rural and urban populations are still obvious. The lack of interest in this process of development from localities’ native executives is highlighted. The present survey tempts to examine this lack of personal commitment from executives in relation with intersubjective factors such as sympathy, autonomy, mystical practices and communication. In so doing, a sample of 121 executives from the Ivorian public administration are selected rationally in the purpose of data collection through a questionnaire. Statistical analysis indicate that, except the autonomy to bring innovations in rural areas, the targeted intersubjective factors have a significant impact on the executives' level of commitment in their locality’s development. As regards to practical repercussions, these results underline the necessity to develop the local populations’ mind of sympathy and communication towards their executives. Local populations have also to put an end to any mystical practice able to frighten their native executives if they want them to fully take part in the development of their different localities.

scholarly journals Politics of Seed in Ethiopia's Agricultural Transformation: Pathways to Seed System Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshome Hunduma Mulesa
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
Seed System ◽  
The Government

Seed system development in the developing world, especially in Africa, has become a political space. This article analyzes current Ethiopian seed politics in light of the historical dynamics of national and international seed system politics and developments. Drawing on multiple power analysis approaches and employing the lens of “international seed regimes,” the article characterizes the historical pattern of seed regimes in Ethiopia. While colonial territories underwent three historical seed regime patterns—the first colonial seed regime, the second post-WWII public seed regime, and the third post-1980s corporate-based neoliberal seed regime, Ethiopia has only experienced one of these. Until the 1950s, when the first US government's development assistance program—the Point 4 Program—enabled the second government-led seed regime to emerge, the farmers' seed systems remained the only seed innovation and supply system. The first colonial seed regime never took hold as the country remained uncolonized, and the government has hitherto resisted the third corporate-based neoliberal seed regime. In the current conjuncture in the contemporary Ethiopian seed regime, four different approaches to pluralistic seed system development are competing: (1) government-led formalization, (2) private-led formalization, (3) farmer-based localization, and (4) community-based integrative seed system developments. The Pluralistic Seed System Development Strategy (PSSDS) from 2013 is a uniquely diverse approach to seed system development internationally; however, it has yet to realize its equity and sustainability potential. This study shows that the agricultural modernization dependency and government-led formal seed systems development have sidelined opportunities to tap into the strength of other alternatives identified in the PSSDS. In conclusion, an integrative and inclusive seed sector is possible if the government takes leadership and removes the current political, organizational, and economic barriers for developing a truly pluralistic seed system.

scholarly journals Studying Positive and Negative Direct and Extended Contact: Complementing Self-Reports With Social Network Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1566-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Wölfer ◽  
Eva Jaspers ◽  
Danielle Blaylock ◽  
Clarissa Wigoder ◽  
Joanne Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Extended Contact ◽  
Contact Parameters

Traditionally, studies of intergroup contact have primarily relied on self-reports, which constitute a valid method for studying intergroup contact, but has limitations, especially if researchers are interested in negative or extended contact. In three studies, we apply social network analyses to generate alternative contact parameters. Studies 1 and 2 examine self-reported and network-based parameters of positive and negative contact using cross-sectional datasets ( N = 291, N = 258), indicating that both methods help explain intergroup relations. Study 3 examines positive and negative direct and extended contact using the previously validated network-based contact parameters in a large-scale, international, and longitudinal dataset ( N = 12,988), demonstrating that positive and negative direct and extended contact all uniquely predict intergroup relations (i.e., intergroup attitudes and future outgroup contact). Findings highlight the value of social network analysis for examining the full complexity of contact including positive and negative forms of direct and extended contact.

scholarly journals Information sharing in supply chains: a review of risks and opportunities using the systematic literature network analysis (SLNA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Colicchia ◽  
Alessandro Creazza ◽  
Carlo Noè ◽  
Fernanda Strozzi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the most important research areas on information sharing in supply chains and related risks, taking into account their evolution over time. This paper sheds light on what is happening today and what the trajectories for the future are, with particular respect to the implications for supply chain management. Design/methodology/approach The dynamic literature review method called Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA) was adopted. It combines the Systematic Literature Review approach and bibliographic network analyses, and it relies on objective measures and algorithms to perform quantitative literature-based detection of emerging topics. Findings The focus of the literature seems to be on threats that are internal to the extended supply chain rather than on external attacks, such as viruses, traditionally related to information technology (IT). The main arising risk appears to be the intentional or non-intentional leakage of information. Also, papers analyze the implications for information sharing coming from “soft” factors such as trust and collaboration among supply chain partners. Opportunities are also highlighted and include how information sharing can be leveraged to confront disruptions and increase resilience. Research limitations/implications The adopted methodology allows for providing an original perspective on the investigated topic, that is, how information sharing in supply chains and related risks are evolving over time because of the turbulent advances in technology. Practical implications Emergent and highly critical risks related to information sharing are highlighted to support the design of supply chain risks strategies. Also, critical areas to the development of “beyond-the-dyad” initiatives to manage information sharing risks emerge. Opportunities coming from information sharing that are less known and exploited by companies are provided. Originality/value This paper focuses on the supply chain perspective rather than the traditional IT-based view of information sharing. According to this perspective, this paper provides a dynamic representation of the literature on the investigated topic. This is an important contribution to the topic of information sharing in supply chains is continuously evolving and shaping new supply chain models.

scholarly journals Multilayer network analysis unravels haulage vehicles as a hidden threat to the British swine industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1231-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaud Porphyre ◽  
Barend M. de C. Bronsvoort ◽  
George J. Gunn ◽  
Carla Correia‐Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Multilayer Network
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